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- |elName=Carbon '''Carbon''' is a [[Chemical elements|chemical element]], typically found as a [[Soli5 KB (806 words) - 17:16, 1 January 2021
- ...de is extremely toxic to humans and animals. Conversely, small amounts of carbon monoxide are produced in normal animal metabolism and it is thought to have ...ers. When combined with a metal (i.e., an [[organometallic]] complex), the carbon monoxide is a [[ligand]] called ''carbonyl'' : for example, in nicke17 KB (2,453 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- 4 bytes (0 words) - 23:25, 9 June 2008
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 04:28, 9 November 2007
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:36, 8 May 2009
- ...gas that gives the sparkle to many soft drinks, some wines, and beer. The carbon dioxide gas freezes at −78.5 °C (−109.3 °F) and the frozen f835 bytes (138 words) - 21:20, 3 November 2011
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon nanotube]]29 bytes (3 words) - 02:10, 12 October 2013
- 122 bytes (15 words) - 13:07, 7 July 2008
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 12:13, 20 July 2008
- '''Carbon nanotubes''' are tubular [[carbon]] molecules that have properties that make them potentially useful in [[nan A nanotube is a structure similar to a [[fullerene]], only the carbon [[atom]]s are rolled into a [[cylinder]] instead of a [[sphere]]; each end3 KB (427 words) - 10:31, 28 June 2023
- 22 bytes (2 words) - 17:29, 27 August 2008
- 1 bytes (0 words) - 23:24, 9 June 2008
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon/Periodic table]]35 bytes (4 words) - 07:05, 6 March 2024
- ...teless [[gas]] that is slightly lighter than [[air]] and consists of one [[carbon]] [[atom]] and one [[oxygen]] atom.183 bytes (25 words) - 21:30, 6 November 2011
- Chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom.125 bytes (17 words) - 09:13, 27 January 2009
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- 1 bytes (1 word) - 17:53, 10 June 2008
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- <includeonly>Non-Metal</includeonly><noinclude>Carbon is a [[Non-Metal]].</noinclude>85 bytes (9 words) - 07:07, 6 March 2024
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:44, 8 May 2009
- 275 bytes (35 words) - 05:42, 6 March 2024
- Allotropes of carbon with an extremely thin, hollow cylindrical nanostructure.114 bytes (13 words) - 02:47, 12 October 2013
- <noinclude>Carbon has many allotropes. For more information see: [[Carbon/Phase diagram]]</noinclude>159 bytes (18 words) - 13:12, 17 April 2011
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon nanotube/Definition]]40 bytes (4 words) - 02:10, 12 October 2013
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- 12 bytes (1 word) - 02:33, 12 October 2013
- 34 bytes (7 words) - 18:03, 27 July 2008
- 264 bytes (35 words) - 16:26, 17 May 2010
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}288 bytes (34 words) - 21:52, 6 November 2011
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:42, 8 May 2009
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 21:45, 6 November 2011
- Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Carbon dioxide]]. Needs checking by a human. {{r|Carbon capture and storage}}3 KB (351 words) - 21:51, 16 August 2010
- ...concept and as yet (2007) no large scale power plant operates with a full carbon capture and storage system. ...l be more expensive. Rarely considered in such mathematics is the embodied carbon cost of the equipment and machinery needed to create this act of reverse-en33 KB (5,096 words) - 06:33, 10 October 2013
- 827 bytes (133 words) - 02:33, 12 October 2013
- A carbon fixation reaction that fixes carbon dioxide into the four carbon molecule oxaloacetate; usually found in the mesophyll cells of plants that213 bytes (30 words) - 16:14, 17 May 2010
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 02:33, 12 October 2013
- 551 bytes (85 words) - 05:15, 23 October 2013
- An approach to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by capturing carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>).133 bytes (18 words) - 02:56, 8 May 2009
- ...rccs.htm Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. *[http://arstechnica.com/journals/science.ars/2006/9/19/5341 Carbon Dioxide Lakes in the Deep Ocean] Posted by John Timmer, September 20062 KB (330 words) - 15:03, 8 May 2009
- 644 bytes (92 words) - 14:33, 8 May 2009
Page text matches
- A carbon fixation reaction that fixes carbon dioxide into the four carbon molecule oxaloacetate; usually found in the mesophyll cells of plants that213 bytes (30 words) - 16:14, 17 May 2010
- <noinclude>Carbon has many allotropes. For more information see: [[Carbon/Phase diagram]]</noinclude>159 bytes (18 words) - 13:12, 17 April 2011
- ...nd with one connected carbon atom and a single bond with another connected carbon; the molecule may have more than one ring and many side chains280 bytes (51 words) - 18:57, 21 April 2010
- A stable allotrope of carbon where the carbon atoms are arranged in an isometric-hexoctahedral crystal lattice, commonly202 bytes (26 words) - 09:42, 24 January 2021
- ...red for the first step of the Calvin cycle to reduce carbon dioxide during carbon fixation.231 bytes (32 words) - 16:31, 17 May 2010
- ...rccs.htm Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] IPCC Special Report on Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage. *[http://arstechnica.com/journals/science.ars/2006/9/19/5341 Carbon Dioxide Lakes in the Deep Ocean] Posted by John Timmer, September 20062 KB (330 words) - 15:03, 8 May 2009
- ...esonance imaging]] (MRI) and [[nuclear magnetic resonance]] spectroscopy. Carbon-14 is radioactive, and is therefore useful for radiation tracing and [[Carb1 KB (147 words) - 16:35, 16 January 2022
- ...lements|chemical element]], [[carbon]]. It is the most stable allotrope of carbon in [[International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry]] prescribed [[stand Graphite is one of two [[crystallographic]] carbon allotropes, the other being [[diamond]]. Graphite has a [[lamellar]] struct596 bytes (68 words) - 22:39, 22 October 2010
- ...ole as malic acid until the following light period when it is converted to carbon dioxide for fixation by the Calvin cycle.302 bytes (50 words) - 16:22, 17 May 2010
- ...gas that gives the sparkle to many soft drinks, some wines, and beer. The carbon dioxide gas freezes at −78.5 °C (−109.3 °F) and the frozen f835 bytes (138 words) - 21:20, 3 November 2011
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon dioxide]]28 bytes (3 words) - 05:37, 11 November 2007
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon nanotube]]29 bytes (3 words) - 02:10, 12 October 2013
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}} {{r|Carbon monoxide}}373 bytes (47 words) - 02:53, 26 May 2010
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon/Periodic table]]35 bytes (4 words) - 07:05, 6 March 2024
- #REDIRECT [[Carbon nanotube/Definition]]40 bytes (4 words) - 02:10, 12 October 2013
- ...nd [[chemical pneumonitis]]. Phosgene has many different names, including carbon oxychloride, chloroformyl chloride, carbonyl chloride, carbonic dichloride, ...water molecules act as [[nucleophile|nucleophiles]] and attack the central carbon atom.1 KB (194 words) - 12:46, 11 June 2009
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 16:39, 2 September 2009
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:36, 8 May 2009
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:42, 8 May 2009
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:44, 8 May 2009
- #REDIRECT[[Carbon capture and storage]]39 bytes (5 words) - 02:45, 8 May 2009
- A '''carbonyl group''' is a [[functional group]] which consists of a [[carbon]] atom with is double bound to an [[oxygen]] atom. Closely related chemica ...s [[electrophile|electrophilic]]. As such, [[nucleophilic attack]] of the carbon atom is a useful reaction mechanism for chemicals containing a carbonyl gro727 bytes (121 words) - 08:16, 24 September 2008
- ...Environmental Audit Committee Inquiry into: Carbon Capture and Storage] [[Carbon Capture and Storage Association]] (CCSA) , London, England807 bytes (105 words) - 22:45, 4 March 2009
- ...they are called a [[furanose]]. When fructose cyclizes into such a five carbon ring, it is called [[fructofuranose]].862 bytes (124 words) - 15:09, 6 February 2008
- ...ion]], that is, by conversion of all unsaturated (double and triple carbon-carbon) bonds to saturated (single) C—C bonds by addition of [[hydrogen]].813 bytes (121 words) - 07:57, 13 August 2009
- ...he main greenhouse gases for Earth are [[water]] vapor (H<sub>2</sub>O), [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), and [[ozone]] (O<sub>3</sub>). Some other gases ...bon dioxide emissions. See [[Kyoto Protocol]], [[emissions trading]] and [[carbon credits]].805 bytes (117 words) - 14:06, 26 January 2009
- Aromatic molecules which contain atoms other than carbon in the ring.106 bytes (14 words) - 01:44, 3 November 2010
- A naturally occurring allotrope of the element carbon.91 bytes (11 words) - 10:19, 9 October 2010
- A class of molecules that contain only [[carbon]] and [[hydrogen]] atoms.110 bytes (14 words) - 19:37, 22 March 2009
- Allotropes of carbon with an extremely thin, hollow cylindrical nanostructure.114 bytes (13 words) - 02:47, 12 October 2013
- A monosaccharide with six carbon atoms, having the chemical formula C6H12O6.113 bytes (16 words) - 20:23, 3 September 2009
- An organic compound containing a carbon triple bonded to nitrogen.102 bytes (13 words) - 20:19, 29 November 2009
- '''Capnography''' is a technique for continuously monitoring the [[carbon dioxide]] content of expired air. It is particularly useful in field and em ...[[blood gas analysis]] by focusing on the actual gas exchange rather than carbon dioxide in blood. Like [[pulse oximetry]], it is a relatively noninvasive t507 bytes (69 words) - 10:23, 22 June 2010
- An increased [[partial pressure]] of [[carbon dioxide]] in the [[blood]].109 bytes (13 words) - 17:58, 25 May 2010
- A decreased [[partial pressure]] of [[carbon dioxide]] in the [[blood]].108 bytes (13 words) - 17:59, 25 May 2010
- An organic molecule that contains exclusively carbon and hydrogen atoms, with only single bonds between carbons147 bytes (19 words) - 15:11, 5 February 2009
- An approach to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by capturing carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>).133 bytes (18 words) - 02:56, 8 May 2009
- Chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom.125 bytes (17 words) - 09:13, 27 January 2009
- A type or class of sex [[steroid]] [[hormone]] with an eighteen carbon atom base structure.127 bytes (18 words) - 20:58, 6 April 2009
- [[Chemical compound]]s containing [[carbon]]-[[silicon]] [[chemical bond|bonds]].117 bytes (13 words) - 16:06, 13 December 2008
- Continuous recording of the carbon dioxide content of expired air.<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinclude>136 bytes (16 words) - 18:30, 25 May 2010
- A drawing technique that uses soft, black or dark gray, carbon to draw lines and shading on textured paper142 bytes (22 words) - 18:20, 16 January 2009
- A type or class of sex [[steroid]] [[hormone]] with a nineteen carbon atom base structure.126 bytes (18 words) - 17:29, 31 May 2009
- ...] gas as a coolant, that might provide process heat for production of zero-carbon [[hydrogen]] from [[water]].<ref>https://www.gen-4.org/gif/jcms/c_9362/vhtr196 bytes (31 words) - 02:53, 7 April 2024
- Common name for [[sodium bicarbonate]]; usage comes from its generation of [[carbon dioxide]] when subjected to heat or acid; generate gas leavens a baked prod198 bytes (28 words) - 21:03, 10 October 2010
- An [[alloy]] whose major component is [[iron]], with [[carbon]] content between 0.02% and 1.7% by weight, depending on [[grade (steel)|gr179 bytes (22 words) - 10:07, 15 March 2010
- ...ible material releasing heat, light, and various reaction products such as carbon dioxide and water.169 bytes (23 words) - 10:48, 3 September 2009
- A chemical group containing a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom.110 bytes (16 words) - 08:02, 24 September 2008
- ...tions of [[amine]]s to remove [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) from [[gas]]es187 bytes (28 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- The means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and propagate.143 bytes (23 words) - 09:14, 16 June 2008
- ...and chemist, known for his discoveries of latent heat, specific heat, and carbon dioxide159 bytes (19 words) - 03:26, 21 May 2008
- A six carbon aromatic compound commonly used in industry as a precursor for other import172 bytes (25 words) - 02:16, 28 April 2009
- An omega-3 fatty acid consisting of a carboxylic acid with a 22-carbon chain, and six cis double bonds.140 bytes (21 words) - 10:07, 3 September 2009
- A molecule containing only carbon and hydrogen that exhibits unusual stability and reactivity from having a c202 bytes (25 words) - 17:38, 2 November 2010
- |elName=Carbon '''Carbon''' is a [[Chemical elements|chemical element]], typically found as a [[Soli5 KB (806 words) - 17:16, 1 January 2021
- ...c method of determining the age of organic material based on the amount of carbon-14.131 bytes (19 words) - 15:46, 24 September 2012
- ...with short-lived [[positron]]-emitting [[isotope|radionuclides]] (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism.<noi279 bytes (30 words) - 02:19, 15 May 2010
- ...cle, discovered by Melvin Calvin, that is responsible for the reduction of carbon dioxide to sugar in the stroma of chloroplasts.179 bytes (26 words) - 16:04, 17 May 2010
- The matrix of a plastid that contains the enzymes for carbon fixation and the organelles DNA; thylakoid membranes are surrounded by this180 bytes (26 words) - 15:56, 17 May 2010
- ...p, a carboxyl group, a hydrogen atom, and a side chain bonded to a central carbon.148 bytes (23 words) - 20:58, 5 October 2009
- <includeonly>Non-Metal</includeonly><noinclude>Carbon is a [[Non-Metal]].</noinclude>85 bytes (9 words) - 07:07, 6 March 2024
- ...[yeast]] that [[Fermentation (food)|ferment]] sugar into [[ethanol]] and [[carbon dioxide]].206 bytes (26 words) - 05:23, 1 January 2008
- ...e of the [[pH]] of the oceans, presumably due to the increased intake of [[carbon dioxide]] from the [[atmosphere]].159 bytes (22 words) - 00:13, 14 July 2008
- ...teless [[gas]] that is slightly lighter than [[air]] and consists of one [[carbon]] [[atom]] and one [[oxygen]] atom.183 bytes (25 words) - 21:30, 6 November 2011
- ...into its system. As carbon-14 stops being absorbed when an organism dies. Carbon-14 is a [[radioactivity|radioactive]] [[isotope]] with a [[half-life]] of 5 ...l Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] for his research.<ref name=KG2002-161/> Carbon-14 has a nucleus of six [[proton]]s and eight [[neutron]]s, making it unsta2 KB (367 words) - 15:47, 24 September 2012
- ...s the omega carbon, the first double bond occurs at carbon 20, the omega-3 carbon. Like other omega-3 fatty acids, it can be found in fish. Most of the DHA2 KB (224 words) - 11:27, 15 September 2013
- ...ntake of [[carbon dioxide]] from the [[atmosphere]]. Due to the release of carbon dioxide by human activity, the increased [[acid]]ity of the oceans could ca [[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) combines with [[water]] (H<sub>2</sub>O) to form2 KB (371 words) - 01:49, 9 March 2008
- One twelfth of the mass of a carbon-12 atom in its nuclear and electronic ground state. It is equal to the unif169 bytes (28 words) - 00:10, 2 May 2009
- The number of atoms in 12 gram of carbon-12 atoms in their ground state at rest.117 bytes (18 words) - 11:00, 24 June 2009
- (G6P), is glucose that has been phosphorylated on carbon 6. The conversion from glucose to G6P is the first step of glycolysis for e194 bytes (31 words) - 15:11, 1 February 2009
- '''Coke''' is a manmade fuel, consisting of almost pure carbon.<ref name=EiaCokeDef/> ...leum]]. The feed stock is heated in air-tight containers, to separate the carbon from the volatile elements.3 KB (295 words) - 15:16, 21 January 2024
- ...ioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), hydrogen sulfide or [[mercaptan]]s (RSH). Thus, carbon dioxide by itself is an acid gas but not a sour gas. Before a raw natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide or carbon dioxide can be used, the raw gas must be treated to reduce those impurities2 KB (360 words) - 08:07, 15 March 2024
- ...the ATP and NADPH synthesized during the light-dependent reactions to fix carbon atoms from CO<sub>2</sub>.236 bytes (34 words) - 00:33, 8 January 2010
- ...ic number of [[neutron]]s and hence a specific [[nuclear mass]], such as [[carbon]]-14 (<sup>14</sup>C).191 bytes (29 words) - 10:42, 6 July 2008
- ...nd utility. They are naturally formed from amounts of highly compressed [[carbon]] found below into the Earth's [[mantle (geology)|mantle]] (roughly 160 km ...[[valence shell]]), shares all of its valence electrons with a neighboring carbon atom, forming a structure called a [[covalent bond]]. Trace elements may b3 KB (442 words) - 10:07, 28 February 2024
- Test which measures the amounts of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood, as well as the acidity (pH) of the blood.153 bytes (25 words) - 02:43, 5 September 2009
- [[Organic compound]]s containing [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]], and [[oxygen]]; includes [[sugar]]s and [[starch]]es that280 bytes (38 words) - 07:50, 7 April 2010
- ...and preparation (by synthesis or by other means) of chemical compounds of carbon and hydrogen, which may contain any number of other elements.253 bytes (35 words) - 17:12, 13 May 2008
- Oxidative degradation of saturated fatty acids in which two-carbon units are sequentially removed from the molecule with each turn of the cycl266 bytes (41 words) - 09:30, 5 September 2009
- ...macrocycle consists of four pyrrole-type units interconnected at their α carbon atoms via a methine bridge, and functioning as a metal-binding cofactor in286 bytes (38 words) - 06:15, 6 September 2009
- ...ndamentals] (written by Paul Ellis and Christopher Paul of the Great Lakes Carbon Corporation)360 bytes (51 words) - 15:54, 1 April 2008
- ...chemical compound]] with the [[chemical formula|formula]] [[Silicon|Si]]([[Carbon|C]][[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>3</sub>)<sub>4</sub>, used as a standard in <sup>1</s308 bytes (45 words) - 06:39, 7 April 2010
- ...ses such as [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) or hydrogen sulfide. Thus, carbon dioxide by itself is an acid gas but it is not a sour gas. Before a raw natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide and/or carbon dioxide can be used, the raw gas must be treated to remove those impurities3 KB (430 words) - 09:44, 6 March 2024
- ...troleum crude oil]] consisting of [[hydrocarbons]] having about 10 to 17 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and a [[Boiling point|boiling]] range of about 175 to 345 °[[C275 bytes (35 words) - 19:15, 29 May 2010
- ...etroleum crude oil]] consisting of [[hydrocarbon]]s having about 9 to 14 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and a [[Boiling point|boiling]] range of about 175 to 345 °[[C276 bytes (36 words) - 21:34, 31 May 2010
- ...etroleum crude oil]] consisting of [[hydrocarbon]]s having about 9 to 14 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and a [[Boiling point|boiling]] range of about 175 to 345 °[[C281 bytes (37 words) - 21:37, 31 May 2010
- '''Carbon nanotubes''' are tubular [[carbon]] molecules that have properties that make them potentially useful in [[nan A nanotube is a structure similar to a [[fullerene]], only the carbon [[atom]]s are rolled into a [[cylinder]] instead of a [[sphere]]; each end3 KB (427 words) - 10:31, 28 June 2023
- ...ral gas]] or [[Petroleum crude oil|petroleum]] with a high percentage of [[carbon]] that can be burned to produce heat or energy, whose extraction is destruc305 bytes (47 words) - 08:53, 4 June 2023
- ...and molecular mass, the ratio of atomic mass to one twelfth of the mass of carbon <sup>12</sup>C at rest in its nuclear and electronic ground state, approxim264 bytes (40 words) - 12:53, 10 September 2011
- ...troleum crude oil]] consisting of [[hydrocarbons]] having about 17 to 70 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and a [[Boiling point|boiling]] range of about 315 to 590 °[[C282 bytes (36 words) - 16:26, 29 May 2010
- ...of delivering oxygen to the body's cells via the blood, and the removal of carbon dioxide wastes that result from metabolism.282 bytes (42 words) - 22:41, 10 December 2009
- ...troleum crude oil]] consisting of [[hydrocarbons]] having about 17 to 70 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s and a [[Boiling point|boiling]] range of about 315 to 590 °[[C278 bytes (37 words) - 07:47, 4 October 2022
- ...vast number of [[organic compound]]s (compounds containing at least one [[carbon]]-[[hydrogen]] bond).336 bytes (45 words) - 00:27, 5 October 2010
- ...ardened effectively, including [[carbon steel]]s containing 0.35 - 0.55% [[carbon]] and many [[low alloy steel]]s. Additionally, control over the area to be1 KB (191 words) - 13:09, 11 March 2011
- '''Hydrocarbons''' are a class of [[molecule]]s that contain only [[carbon]] and [[hydrogen]] atoms. Some of them make very good fuels. [[Gasoline]] ...xcept for the carbon atoms at the ends, which are only bonded to one other carbon atom. Saturated hydrocarbon names generally end with the suffix "ane" whic8 KB (1,213 words) - 11:30, 2 November 2010
- ...n</math> = 20.7). The presence of a central carbonyl group, with only one carbon on each side, makes it the smallest [[ketone]]. Its high dielectric consta ...ingle bond and donates electrons to the oxygen. As a result, the carbonyl carbon atom becomes partially charged and becomes more electrophilic. Protonation5 KB (834 words) - 08:12, 15 March 2024
- ...t furnace, iron ore and [[coke (fuel)|coke]] (degassed coal, which is pure carbon) are fed into the top of the furnace, while air, containing oxygen, is for The carbon monoxide (CO) reduces the iron oxide in the ore, giving pure iron:2 KB (286 words) - 14:07, 21 January 2024
- ...ain a small percentage of air pollutants such as [[particulate matter]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[nitrogen oxide]]s, [[sulfur oxide]]s and [[mercury]]. Typical Technologies for the removal and [[carbon capture and storage|capture]] of carbon dioxide from flue gases are now under active research and development as2 KB (391 words) - 15:45, 8 November 2011
- ...allest amine. When the nitrogen atom is bonded to one, two, three or four carbon atoms, the chemical is called a primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary am1 KB (198 words) - 22:22, 2 December 2008
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}198 bytes (24 words) - 11:00, 4 March 2010
- {{r|Granulated activated carbon}}391 bytes (47 words) - 01:00, 15 September 2010
- ...gen|O]]<sub>2</sub>). Compared with traditional [[zinc-carbon battery|zinc-carbon batteries]], while both produce approximately 1.523 [[volt]]s per cell, alk ...the [[cathode]] of manganese dioxide. So far, they are comparable to zinc-carbon batteries, but the difference is that alkaline batteries use [[potassium]]2 KB (310 words) - 06:06, 24 September 2009
- ...a detergent contain a non-polar, long, [[alkyl]] chain of at least twelve carbon atoms at one end of its molecule and a polar hydrophilic group at the other ...ether sulfate. Longer detergents, such as stearyl sulfate, with eighteen carbon atoms, are also quite commonly used, as are [[sulfonate]]s.2 KB (335 words) - 20:55, 13 March 2012
- {{r|Carbon}}378 bytes (51 words) - 13:42, 18 June 2009
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}288 bytes (34 words) - 21:52, 6 November 2011
- {{r|Carbon}}171 bytes (22 words) - 23:37, 26 April 2010
- ...lp them take carbon out of the soil instead of producing their own organic carbon. A detailed study of the relationship, published in the open access journal ...ids have no chlorophyll and rely on fungi colonizing their roots for their carbon supply.3 KB (439 words) - 00:51, 1 October 2013
- ...on-carbon bond cleavage. In experiments using tritium (H<sup>3</sup>) and carbon-14 (C<sup>14</sup>) labels, no loss of the labels occurs during the convers2 KB (312 words) - 16:06, 28 October 2009
- ...[[ethane]], [[propane]], [[isobutane]], normal [[butane]], [[nitrogen]], [[carbon dioxide]] and [[hydrogen sulphide]]. ...edu/ees123/clathrate.htm Clathrates: little known components of the global carbon cycle]</ref>2 KB (241 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...s that both resources must be developed in order to stabilize and reduce [[carbon dioxide]] emissions:<ref>[http://aceee.org/store/proddetail.cfm?CFID=295733 ...wing demand growth will only begin to reduce total emissions; reducing the carbon content of energy sources is also needed.2 KB (240 words) - 17:24, 4 June 2010
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}} {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (256 words) - 09:18, 6 March 2024
- {{r|Carbon}}338 bytes (46 words) - 08:56, 23 October 2010
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}383 bytes (50 words) - 09:51, 27 January 2009
- {{r|Carbon cycle}}176 bytes (21 words) - 04:57, 18 April 2010
- ...s with his atoms, and found the answer….Carbon monoxide (CO) was ©O, while carbon dioxide (C02) was ©OO. Nitrous oxide (N20) was ØØO, and ØO was nitric3 KB (538 words) - 21:11, 4 June 2009
- Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Carbon dioxide]]. Needs checking by a human. {{r|Carbon capture and storage}}3 KB (351 words) - 21:51, 16 August 2010
- ...to be observed by non-[[chemist]]s is the conversion of [[dry ice]] into [[carbon dioxide]] gas. In chemistry labs, sublimation, when possible, serves as a541 bytes (82 words) - 18:20, 4 April 2011
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}491 bytes (69 words) - 12:57, 27 May 2010
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- {{r|Carbon}}507 bytes (63 words) - 12:00, 5 April 2011
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- ...cessing_ng.asp Natural Gas Supply Association] Scroll down to ''Sulfur and Carbon Dioxide Removal''853 bytes (115 words) - 17:19, 7 February 2008
- Wallace, A, ''Technocracy: Building a new sustainable society for a post carbon world'' Network of European Technocrats. 2007. ISBN 978-9-1633-1249-6759 bytes (98 words) - 04:31, 8 May 2008
- Wallace, A, ''Technocracy: Building a new sustainable society for a post carbon world'' Network of European Technocrats. 2007. ISBN 978-9-1633-1249-6759 bytes (98 words) - 04:46, 8 May 2008
- Wallace, A, ''Technocracy: Building a new sustainable society for a post carbon world'' Network of European Technocrats. 2007. ISBN 978-9-1633-1249-6758 bytes (98 words) - 04:30, 8 May 2008
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}614 bytes (83 words) - 23:20, 9 May 2010
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}466 bytes (58 words) - 20:44, 11 January 2010
- ...cid. [[Asparagine]] has a similar structure with a side chain that is one carbon atom shorter.547 bytes (87 words) - 08:08, 8 June 2009
- {{r|Carbon capture and storage}}498 bytes (65 words) - 19:08, 11 January 2010
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- {{r|C4 carbon fixation||**}}1 KB (105 words) - 19:17, 27 November 2009
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}490 bytes (66 words) - 19:49, 11 January 2010
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- ...r advanced field medicine where an artificial airway is inserted, direct [[carbon dioxide]] measurement with [[capnography]] is another complementary techniq ...ng used by a patient. For this purpose, it is necessary to also measure [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) levels with [[arterial blood gas]] testing.6 KB (875 words) - 10:24, 22 June 2010
- Concentrated [[sulfuric acid]] dehydrates formic acid to give carbon monoxide.613 bytes (100 words) - 15:10, 12 April 2008
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}921 bytes (113 words) - 15:53, 1 April 2012
- ...ub>1</sub>N<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>) in which four nitrogen atoms and one carbon atom form a 5-atom heterocycle. They can be synthesized by [[click chemist672 bytes (100 words) - 14:38, 6 February 2010
- {{r|Carbon capture and storage}}705 bytes (88 words) - 16:35, 11 January 2010
- ...both a nitrogen and an [[oxygen]] atom in the ring system. The [[ketone]] carbon is noted by the suffix "one".786 bytes (108 words) - 14:35, 26 November 2010
- ...eate biologically important molecules from fatty acids and other dietary [[carbon]] sources.850 bytes (124 words) - 16:27, 25 March 2010
- ...nd to graphite is imperceptibly slow! In the mid-1980s a further family of carbon allotropes known as fullerenes (or "buckyballs") were discovered, leading t2 KB (333 words) - 21:17, 13 November 2010
- ...dehyde]]. As an aldehyde, it is a useful chemical for the addition of two carbon atoms to another chemical. It is produced biosynthetically by the [[Reduct787 bytes (105 words) - 08:16, 15 March 2024
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- ...t use organic nutrients as a source of food. Block arrows indicate flow of carbon-containing molecules, red, use of ATP, green, used of reducing power (hydro * Thirteen precursor carbon-skeletons3 KB (509 words) - 02:33, 8 June 2009
- ...the ringed structure. These contrast with [[arenes]], which only contain carbon atoms in the ring structure. Heterocycles play a large role in the biochem1 KB (129 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- The R Group of '''Arginine''' consists of a chain of three carbon atoms and a guanidine group at the end of the chain.730 bytes (118 words) - 06:15, 8 June 2009
- ...h any [[acid gas]]es, such as [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[carbon dioxide]]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), are removed from the natural gas by reacting w ...re not as economically acceptable as the reversible reactive absorption of carbon dioxide by ethanolamine solutions.4 KB (618 words) - 01:55, 14 March 2024
- *[[Carbon fixation]], whereby CO<sub>2</sub> is reduced to carbohydrate.977 bytes (128 words) - 02:04, 2 June 2009
- '''Benzene''' (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>) is a six carbon aromatic compound commonly used in industry as a precursor for other import790 bytes (127 words) - 17:25, 31 October 2010
- ...electron donors. It is very similar to [[glutamine]], which has one extra carbon on the side chain before the amide group, and [[aspartic acid]], which has725 bytes (122 words) - 06:17, 8 June 2009
- ...n carriers, pigments, and existing and alternative modes of photosynthetic carbon fixation. ...s of the solar spectral output and the energetics of oxygen production and carbon dioxide reduction with two photochemical reactions.3 KB (375 words) - 21:45, 27 August 2011
- A '''nitrile''' is an organic compound containing a carbon triple bonded to nitrogen.827 bytes (113 words) - 17:46, 28 October 2010
- ...oxylation of L-[[glutamic acid]] to form [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] and [[carbon dioxide]]. The enzyme is found in bacteria and in invertebrate and vertebra940 bytes (111 words) - 08:42, 30 September 2009
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- Methane is catalytically reacted with [[steam]] (H<sub>2</sub>O) to form [[carbon monoxide]] and hydrogen: The [[carbon monoxide]] produced reacts with water to form [[carbon dioxide]] and more hydrogen:7 KB (1,067 words) - 10:08, 28 February 2024
- ...ly react with each other (for example, the absorption of [[Gas|gaseous]] [[carbon dioxide]] in aqueous solutions of [[sodium hydroxide]] which yields [[sodiu ...from [[methane]] having one [[carbon]] [[atom]] to [[decane]]s having ten carbon atoms. For distilling such a mixture, the distillation column may be design7 KB (1,091 words) - 08:11, 15 September 2013
- ...s a hydroxyl group; the combination of a root describing an arrangement of carbon atoms with at least one hydroxyl is an [[alcohol]].2 KB (350 words) - 10:54, 11 June 2009
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- ...breviated as '''G6P''', is [[glucose]] that has been [[phosphorylated]] on carbon 6. The conversion from glucose to G6P is the first step of [[glycolysis]] f ...glucose-6-phosphate is produced by phosphorylation of glucose on the sixth carbon. This is catalyzed by the [[enzyme]] [[hexokinase]] in most cells, and [[gl5 KB (720 words) - 22:41, 1 February 2009
- ...grams of oxygen to form carbon monoxide, and 26.6 grams of oxygen to form carbon dioxide, the ratio 13.3:26.6 = 1:2 for oxygen in the two compounds. ...as a fuel in the gas-range. Carbon also united with oxygen to form gaseous carbon dioxide in the ratio of 3 [parts by weight] to 8 [parts by weight]. Why not11 KB (1,717 words) - 18:42, 4 January 2012
- ...[Oxiranes]], also called epoxides are class of cyclic ethers with only two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom in the ring structure. In addition to the Wiliams ...ngs can also be broken by the nucleophilic attack of either of the oxirane carbon atoms. Common nucleophiles such as alkoxides and amines can open oxiranes4 KB (546 words) - 17:14, 31 October 2010
- [[Image:Carbon levels.png|right|thumb|350px|Level scheme of the [[carbon]] atom <math>\scriptstyle (1s)^2(2s)^2(2p)^2</math>. Drawing is not on scal * The ground state carbon atom, (1''s'')<sup>2</sup>(2''s'')<sup>2</sup>(2''p'')<sup>2</sup>, gives b4 KB (593 words) - 09:31, 25 October 2009
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- ...urce of oxygen. People have become unconscious very quickly when using a [[carbon dioxide]] extinguisher in a poorly ventilated room. ...lled with a water solution of a carbonate or other compound that generates carbon dioxide when mixed with acid. At the top of the extinguisher is a bottle of6 KB (920 words) - 10:42, 8 April 2024
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- ...f linear molecules are obviously the diatomics such as [[oxygen]] (O=O), [[carbon monoxide]] (C≡O), and [[nitrogen]] (N≡N). But also many triatoms are li [[carbon dioxide]] (O=C=O), [[hydrogen cyanide]] (HC≡N), and [[carbonyl sulfide]]5 KB (704 words) - 05:59, 26 September 2007
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- ...ly react with each other (for example, the absorption of [[Gas|gaseous]] [[carbon dioxide]] in aqueous solutions of [[sodium hydroxide]] which yields [[sodiu ...from [[methane]] having one [[carbon]] [[atom]] to [[decane]]s having ten carbon atoms. For distilling such a mixture, the distillation column may be design9 KB (1,310 words) - 08:53, 25 October 2013
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- ...s involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>1 KB (160 words) - 14:08, 6 June 2010
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- ...haled either pure [[oxygen]] (hyperoxia condition), or 95% oxygen and 5% [[carbon dioxide]] ([[hypercapnia|hypercapnic]] hyperoxia). Yellow (hyperoxia) and g1 KB (145 words) - 17:25, 27 May 2010
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- ...de is extremely toxic to humans and animals. Conversely, small amounts of carbon monoxide are produced in normal animal metabolism and it is thought to have ...ers. When combined with a metal (i.e., an [[organometallic]] complex), the carbon monoxide is a [[ligand]] called ''carbonyl'' : for example, in nicke17 KB (2,453 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
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- ...chemical conversion of [[carbohydrate]]s, [[fat]]s and [[protein]]s into [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]] to generate a form of usable energy. The citric aci | NADH + H<sup>+</sup><br />+ [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]]8 KB (1,089 words) - 02:01, 2 June 2009
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- '''Organosilicon compounds''' are [[chemical compound]]s containing [[carbon]] [[silicon]] [[chemical bond|bonds]]. '''Organosilicon chemistry''' is the Unlike carbon, silicon is not found in any [[biomolecules]] <ref>''Organosilicon Chemist9 KB (1,169 words) - 02:10, 27 October 2013
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- {{r|Partial pressure of Carbon dioxide}}1 KB (178 words) - 05:26, 9 June 2011
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- ...] products, or naturally occurring substances, such as [[radon]] (Rn) or [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) that may occur in harmful [[concentration]]s in ...>2</sub>), [[nitrogen oxides]] (NO<sub>x</sub>), [[particulate matter]], [[carbon monoxide]] (CO), [[ozone]] (O<sub>3</sub>) and [[lead]] (Pb).<ref>[http://w6 KB (790 words) - 14:07, 2 February 2023
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- ...need hybridisation to describe molecules, but for molecules made up from [[carbon]], [[nitrogen]] and [[oxygen]] (and to a lesser extent, [[sulphur]] and [[p ...4 hydrogen atoms. The problem with the existence of methane is now this: Carbon's [[ground state|ground-state]] configuration is ''1s² 2s² 2p<sub>x</sub>14 KB (2,154 words) - 09:32, 12 November 2007
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- |title=Joseph Black and the discovery of carbon dioxide. |title=Joseph Black and the identification of carbon dioxide.4 KB (518 words) - 06:12, 27 January 2009
- ...n ATP. The by-products of fermentation include carbon dioxide and ethanol. Carbon dioxide is what causes bread to rise during baking, as bubbles of it get tr ...on, an isolated form of either haploid is used. Certain forms favor either carbon dioxide or ethanol as a product, which determines what process they will be4 KB (700 words) - 14:33, 28 August 2009
- [[Blood gas analysis]] complements the bicarbonate level with carbon dioxide values.1 KB (181 words) - 15:38, 18 September 2010
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (225 words) - 09:18, 6 March 2024
- ...be seen in all [[life]] on [[Earth]]. The transfer of electrons between [[carbon]] (C) and [[oxygen]] (O) allows the storage and release of [[energy]] [[Rad ...al energy because Oxygen tends to attract the electrons more strongly than Carbon due to the relative electronegativities...thus, [[work]] must be done to ef5 KB (784 words) - 11:38, 11 February 2011
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- ...m gas as a coolant, that might provide process heat for production of zero-carbon hydrogen from water.<ref>https://www.gen-4.org/gif/jcms/c_9362/vhtr</ref>1 KB (194 words) - 18:15, 4 January 2022
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (224 words) - 12:49, 15 March 2024
- ...oholic fermentation'' is the conversion of pyruvate into [[ethanol]] and [[carbon dioxide]]; and ''heterolactic fermentation'' is the production of lactic ac :::Sugar (glucose) → Alcohol (ethanol) + Carbon Dioxide + Energy (ATP)8 KB (1,169 words) - 06:27, 9 June 2009
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (211 words) - 09:35, 29 March 2024
- ...lecular mass. By definition it is one twelfth of the mass of an unbound [[carbon]]-12 (<sup>12</sup>C) [[atom]], at rest and in its ground state. ...''. By the definition of Avogadro's number, the mass of ''N<sub>A</sub>'' carbon-12 atoms, at rest and in their ground state, is 12 gram ( = 12×10<sup7 KB (1,035 words) - 13:02, 11 September 2011
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- * 2007: Carbon Leaf (''iCovers 1.4'' EP)1 KB (162 words) - 08:28, 5 August 2013
- ...of climate change, such as, for example, a change in the concentration of carbon dioxide or the output of the Sun.1 KB (206 words) - 12:06, 22 August 2008
- {{r|C4 carbon fixation||**}}2 KB (224 words) - 02:31, 7 March 2024
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}2 KB (213 words) - 16:25, 11 January 2010
- ...rocess called [[sublimation]]. Examples of this are [[dry ice]] becoming [[carbon dioxide]] [[gas]], and [[ice]] disappearing without [[melting]].1 KB (193 words) - 10:01, 20 January 2011
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- Originally, preprints were mimeographed copies or even only carbon copies,1 KB (210 words) - 05:33, 25 October 2009
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (250 words) - 09:18, 6 March 2024
- Glucose can undergo [[intramolecular reaction]]s in which the aldehyde carbon at position C-1 is subject to nucleophilic attack by either the C-4 or C-51 KB (200 words) - 08:08, 8 June 2009
- ...or [[Petroleum crude oil|petroleum]] that contains a high percentage of [[carbon]] and [[hydrocarbon]]s and can be burned to produce heat or energy. Fossil2 KB (257 words) - 08:57, 4 June 2023
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (244 words) - 09:18, 6 March 2024
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- ...climate, and underlying [[seismic]] activity, the Lake has a buildup of [[carbon dioxide]], [[methane]] and [[sulfur dioxide]].<ref name=solidarites/>2 KB (247 words) - 04:08, 6 February 2010
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (247 words) - 12:57, 15 March 2024
- Many 3- and 4-[[carbon]] substrates can enter the gluconeogenesis pathway. [[Lactate]] from [[anae Even-chain [[fatty acids]] are [[Beta-oxidation|oxidized]] into the two-carbon [[acetyl CoA]], which is further oxidized to CO<sub>2</sub> in the [[citric4 KB (611 words) - 02:03, 2 June 2009
- ...lpha</math>-ketobutyrate]]. In this cleavage reaction, serine acts as the carbon skeleton and homocysteine provides the sulfur atom.1 KB (213 words) - 07:51, 8 June 2009
- {{R|Carbon monoxide}}2 KB (214 words) - 01:02, 23 September 2008
- ====Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Pollution==== ...t intensity require a high cost, therefore the use of microalgae to reduce carbon dioxide pollution is limited to small scale practice such as for factoies<r8 KB (1,034 words) - 11:31, 9 February 2023
- ...vast number of [[organic compound]]s (compounds containing at least one [[carbon]]-[[hydrogen]] [[covalent bond]]).<ref>[http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cc ...example, [[carbon monoxide]] (CO), [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[carbon disulfide]] (CS<sub>2</sub>), [[sodium cyanide]] (NaCN), [[potassium cyanat13 KB (1,921 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (257 words) - 12:57, 15 March 2024
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- ...ustion is uncombusted nitrogen. The next largest part of the flue gas is [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) which can be as much as 10 to 15 volume percent ...ces more water vapor than does the burning of coal since the hydrogen-to-[[carbon]] ratio of natural gas is higher than that of coal.4 KB (619 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...anic compounds using the inorganic carbon compound, carbon dioxide, as the carbon source starting material.<ref name=ftexplorethylakoid> [http://www.ftexplor ...to ATP. ATP is a key energy source for synthesizing organic compounds from carbon dioxide in the stroma, a phase of the photosynthetic process called the [[C9 KB (1,262 words) - 16:26, 23 September 2013
- ...anic compounds using the inorganic carbon compound, carbon dioxide, as the carbon source starting material.<ref name=ftexplorethylakoid> [http://www.ftexplor ...to ATP. ATP is a key energy source for synthesizing organic compounds from carbon dioxide in the stroma, a phase of the photosynthetic process called the [[C9 KB (1,262 words) - 09:17, 11 October 2013
- <center>'''methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water vapor'''<br/> <center>'''methane + oxygen + nitrogen → carbon dioxide + water vapor + nitrogen'''<br/>12 KB (1,825 words) - 17:36, 28 March 2021
- .... ''Technically'', because the proline side chain bonds to both the alpha carbon and the backbone nitrogen atom, the nitrogen is a secondary amine, making p1 KB (231 words) - 08:46, 8 June 2009
- Structurally, it is a 13-member amino acid peptide linked to a 10-carbon lipophilic tail, which has a novel mechanism of action: formation of transm2 KB (225 words) - 21:01, 23 August 2010
- ...those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing about 10 or 11 carbon atoms. ...145 °C containing most (but not all) of the hydrocarbons with 6 or less [[carbon]] [[atoms]]9 KB (1,344 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...for 98.89% of all carbon. It is one of two stable isotopes of the element carbon; it contains 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.</ref><ref name=BIPM>[ht5 KB (914 words) - 14:09, 2 February 2023
- ...tive it is more than half of the Certified Emissions Reductions (a type of carbon credits) that have been issued under the rules and mechanisms of the Kyoto6 KB (1,013 words) - 13:18, 2 February 2023
- *Jacobson, M., et.al. (2022) ''Zero air pollution and zero carbon from all energy at low cost and without blackouts in variable weather throu2 KB (256 words) - 19:53, 7 December 2023
- ...he related drug [[lamivudine]], which has a sulfur atom in place of the 3'-carbon present in zalcitabine, suppresses viruses in a similar manner.1 KB (206 words) - 04:38, 14 February 2010
- ...inolenate metabolism with emphasis on the importance of beta-oxidation and carbon recycling. ''World Rev Nutr Dietet 88'', 178-183, 2001.1 KB (197 words) - 11:24, 3 September 2020
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (280 words) - 09:18, 6 March 2024
- *compress carbon granules, changing the [[resistance]]2 KB (248 words) - 16:54, 7 February 2009
- ...simply [[amine]]s) to remove [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) from [[gas]]es.<ref name=Kohl>{{cite book|author ...H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> are acid gases and hence corrosive to [[carbon steel]]. However, in an amine treating unit, CO<sub>2</sub> is the stronger9 KB (1,476 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...last for centuries.<ref>[https://www.nature.com/articles/climate.2008.122 Carbon is Forever, M.Inman, Nature 2008.]</ref> To minimize the risk of a catastro ...Fig.3 Electric power generation is only a third of our CO2 problem. A zero-carbon future should include process heat for industry and fuels for transportatio9 KB (1,503 words) - 15:56, 17 July 2023
- ...simply [[amine]]s) to remove [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) from [[gas]]es.<ref name=Kohl>{{cite book|author ...H<sub>2</sub>S and CO<sub>2</sub> are acid gases and hence corrosive to [[carbon steel]]. However, in an amine treating unit, CO<sub>2</sub> is the stronger9 KB (1,470 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- *[[Acid gas]]es: [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[me *Contain no more than trace amounts of components such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, mercaptans, nitrogen, and water vapor.11 KB (1,750 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...ose electrons transfer under precise metabolic control, to oxygen, forming carbon dioxide and water, releasing the energy that held those electrons in their ...gh transfer of electrons to the carbon atoms of carbon dioxide, converting carbon dioxide by reduction to carbohydrate, allowing water's oxygen atoms, stripp16 KB (2,492 words) - 16:30, 7 August 2012
- ...oil]] additive to reduce levels of [[Particulate matter|particulates]], [[carbon monoxide]], and [[hydrocarbon]]s from diesel-powered vehicles. Biodiesel is2 KB (245 words) - 11:46, 2 February 2023
- *[[Carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) *[[Alkane|Straight-chain alkanes]] having from 2 to 12 [[carbon]] atoms (denoted as C<sub>2</sub> to C<sub>12</sub>)7 KB (1,134 words) - 09:41, 6 March 2024
- ...blood through the entire body and exchange [[oxygen]] and nutrients for [[carbon dioxide]] and wastes. ...oxygenated blood from the right ventricles to the lung, where it gives off carbon dioxide and receives oxygen. The aorta is the largest artery. It carries ox7 KB (1,141 words) - 00:03, 8 February 2010
- ...those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing about 10 or 11 carbon atoms. ...145 °C containing most (but not all) of the hydrocarbons with 6 or less [[carbon]] [[atoms]]10 KB (1,443 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...baking soda, its molecules react with one another to give off water and [[carbon dioxide]] and form solid [[sodium carbonate]], which is proton-free." The6 KB (926 words) - 13:27, 14 October 2018
- ...baking soda, its molecules react with one another to give off water and [[carbon dioxide]] and form solid [[sodium carbonate]], which is proton-free." The6 KB (926 words) - 20:37, 30 September 2018
- ...[[Hydrocarbons|paraffins]] and heavier aromatics containing 9 to 11 or 12 carbon atoms. ...ms, and non-aromatic cyclic hydrocarbons (naphthenes) containing 6 or more carbon atoms.<ref name=Chem-Systems/><ref name=IEA-Book/>9 KB (1,253 words) - 23:43, 20 March 2012
- ..., deriving from the hydration reaction with the metabolic waste product, [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), ...physiological conditions, metabolism produces on the order of 15,000 mmol carbon dioxide per day, which in the healthy steady-state the lungs exhale.7 KB (1,061 words) - 21:55, 11 December 2011
- {{r|Carbon dioxide}}2 KB (303 words) - 20:42, 11 January 2010
- ...ure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> ...unts for changes in respiration as measured by the [[partial pressure]] of carbon dioxide. However, this calculation relies on the respiratory quotient being4 KB (585 words) - 06:12, 23 August 2010
- {{r|Carbon fixation}}2 KB (258 words) - 22:05, 25 September 2008
- ...soluble in water, it is a strong reducing agent, can react violently with carbon disulfide, and be sensitized to explosive decomposition by metal salts (cop2 KB (243 words) - 02:00, 23 January 2011
- ...e penetration into a one-foot hardened concrete wall. Upon detonation, the carbon-fiber warhead case disintegrates into small non-lethal fibers with little o ...ades planned for the U.S. [[GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb]]. Substituting the carbon filament case alone reduced a danger radius to 25 feet, compared to the 2006 KB (834 words) - 14:40, 22 March 2024
- ...burns result in the formation and release of [[smoke]], ash, [[dust]], [[carbon dioxide]], [[nitrogen oxide]]s and other air pollutants. ...act upon the waste and generate ''landfill gas'' that contains methane and carbon dioxide as well as small amounts of ammonia, [[mercaptan]]s and other [[sul8 KB (1,251 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...functioning. The breakdown of coral functioning begins with compromised [[carbon fixation]] of the coral [[symbiont]].<ref>Jones, R. J., O. Hoegh-Guldberg, ...gae in check, and any other [[calcification|calcifying]] organisms. When [[carbon dioxide]] concentrations approach 450 ppm, [[calcification]] might not be a8 KB (1,086 words) - 15:33, 8 March 2023
- ...denfrost point varies for different liquids. It may be seen to rise as the carbon chain length increases in [[Homologous series|organic homologous series]].2 KB (319 words) - 08:34, 6 March 2024
- :[[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) : 29.4 L·atm/mol ...bove is consistent with the example numerical values presented for oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen and with their corresponding dimensional units.11 KB (1,729 words) - 05:20, 3 September 2013
- ...ngths of light by hemoglobin. [[Serum electrolyte panel]]s complement the carbon dioxide level with the level of circulating [[bicarbonate ion in physiology6 KB (888 words) - 15:43, 18 September 2010
- ...Steel is also to be distinguished from [[wrought iron]] with little or no carbon, usually less than 0.035%. It is common today to talk about 'the iron and ...s of steels in which carbon is replaced with other alloying materials, and carbon, if present, is undesired. A more recent definition is that steels are iron19 KB (2,947 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- * [[Carbon fixation]]2 KB (286 words) - 02:03, 2 June 2009
- ...disassemble them to simple cellular metabolites (lactic acid, acetic acid, carbon dioxide, ammonia, urea, etc.). The creation of cellular metabolites is an [2 KB (292 words) - 02:03, 2 June 2009
- ...irculation of blood brings oxygen and food molecules to cells, and removes carbon dioxide and the waste products of [[metabolism]] from them. Blood circulati ...ients and oxygen pass out to cells, and it is through the capillaries that carbon dioxide and wastes pass from the cells into the blood.11 KB (1,813 words) - 09:02, 1 March 2024
- ...tp://cdiac.ornl.gov/trends/co2/contents.htm Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Isotope Records] - a compilation of independent records6 KB (929 words) - 13:18, 19 December 2010
- ...tions to reference conditions of moisture content, [[oxygen]] content or [[carbon dioxide]] content. This article presents methods for converting concentrati ...ure) corrected to a dry basis and further corrected to 12 volume percent [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] in the dry gas.12 KB (1,764 words) - 10:19, 30 July 2023
- {{Image|SMR_temperature.png|right|350px|Zero-carbon, very high-temperature process heat will be needed for some industries.}}2 KB (319 words) - 16:20, 8 January 2023
- ...rganic synthesis|synthesis]] or by other means) of chemical compounds of [[carbon]] and [[hydrogen]], which may contain any number of other elements, such as ...es, acids, salts, carbides, and minerals). This does not mean that single-carbon organic compounds do not exist (viz. [[methane]] and its simple derivatives21 KB (3,107 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...ut the wood's volatile elements. The charcoal that remains is almost pure carbon.2 KB (367 words) - 12:50, 18 April 2021
- '''Coal''' is a [[Carbon|carbon-containing]] rock formed by the debris from the decay of ferns, vines, tree ...No two coals are the same in every respect. In general, coal consists of [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]], [[oxygen]], [[nitrogen]], [[sulphur]] and [[mineral]] matt20 KB (3,084 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- {{r|Carbon}}2 KB (323 words) - 12:57, 15 March 2024
- ...numbers to describe atoms on the ribose ring (see figure). In DNA the 2'-carbon of adenosine is bound to two hydrogen atoms rather than one proton and one2 KB (289 words) - 05:19, 17 March 2024
- ...nt and are called enantiotopic. e.g. pair of protons attached to the alpha-Carbon in glycine amino acid (they are not chemically equivalent if glycine is par2 KB (349 words) - 20:39, 19 February 2010
- ...tions to reference conditions of moisture content, [[oxygen]] content or [[carbon dioxide]] content. This article presents methods for converting concentrati ...ure) corrected to a dry basis and further corrected to 12 volume percent [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] in the dry gas.12 KB (1,812 words) - 10:42, 8 April 2024
- ...Ecological Research.jpg|center|298px|Instruments for measuring exchange of carbon dioxide and water between a forest and the atmosphere. (Niwot Ridge Long Te2 KB (292 words) - 21:32, 5 April 2012
- ...the sulfur-free methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) feedstock is then used to form [[carbon monoxide]] (CO) plus hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>): ...gas shift reaction|shift conversion]] to convert the carbon monoxide to [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) and more hydrogen:11 KB (1,648 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...H<sub>2</sub>, one [[acetyl-CoA]] and a shortened acyl-CoA with <i>n-2</i> carbon atoms, which can be subjected to further rounds of degradation. ...on is [[thermodynamic|thermodynamically]] unfavourable, the evolution of [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] drives the reaction forward.7 KB (1,029 words) - 16:31, 25 March 2010
- :[[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) : 29.4 L·atm/mol ...bove is consistent with the example numerical values presented for oxygen, carbon dioxide and hydrogen and with their corresponding dimensional units.13 KB (2,084 words) - 05:21, 3 September 2013
- ...the sulfur-free methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) feedstock is then used to form [[carbon monoxide]] (CO) plus hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>): : ...gas shift reaction|shift conversion]] to convert the carbon monoxide to [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) and more hydrogen:11 KB (1,686 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...ed by filaments in the gills and passed on to the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide and other wastes are being expelled. Some species, such as the [[an2 KB (354 words) - 20:39, 5 September 2009
- ...i-tank]], [[anti-personnel]], chemical or biological weapon dispensers, or carbon filaments to short out electrical systems.2 KB (308 words) - 17:05, 22 March 2024
- ...o which cyanides were adsorbed. The other camps used engines to generate [[carbon monoxide]].2 KB (336 words) - 12:03, 18 May 2023
- ...t produced. [[RBMK reactor]]s of formerly [[Soviet Union]] countries used carbon as the moderator.10 KB (1,554 words) - 14:19, 24 January 2023
- ...alled cysteic acid. An enzymatic [[decarboxylation]] reaction, in which [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) is removed, produces taurine. In an alternative3 KB (353 words) - 11:31, 11 December 2010
- ...y have substitutions added to the nitrogen atom or any of the non-carbonyl carbon atoms in the base structure.2 KB (362 words) - 17:14, 21 March 2024
- ...iculate matter]] (PM<sub>10</sub>), [[sulfur dioxide]] (S0<sub>2</sub>), [[carbon monoxide]] (CO) and [[nitrogen dioxide]] (NO<sub>2</sub>) and calculate air ...ns sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter (PM<sub>10</sub>), carbon monoxide, and ozone as measured at monitoring stations in each of those maj19 KB (2,899 words) - 11:52, 2 February 2023
- ...lace with a membrane permeable to the desired gas such as [[ammonia]] or [[carbon dioxide]]. When the gas passes through the membrane, the change of pH in th2 KB (343 words) - 09:43, 3 March 2011
- ...ate inside the mitochondrial matrix. This oxidation reaction also releases carbon dioxide as a product. In the process one molecule of NADH is formed per pyr ...n the table below are for one glucose and molecule being fully oxidised to carbon dioxide. It is assumed that all the reduced coenzymes are oxidised by the e9 KB (1,309 words) - 04:08, 26 September 2007
- * [[Adsorption]] in [[granular activated carbon]] filters (also known as GAC filters). ...complexes. In some such cases, the VOC combustion products would only be [[carbon dioxide]] and water.11 KB (1,664 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...the means by which a [[microbe]] obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. [[carbon]]) it needs to live and propagate. [[Microbe]]s use many different types o 1. how the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass:29 KB (4,037 words) - 02:19, 7 March 2024
- ...lle]]s adapted for carrying out [[photosynthesis]]. Photosynthesis fixes [[carbon dioxide]] [[solution|dissolved]] in the cell from the [[air]], and uses it ...bility of cuticle for water also makes it more difficult for gases such as carbon dioxide to pass through. Most modern plants solve this with microscopic hol6 KB (841 words) - 18:00, 3 May 2009
- ...lexibility resources.” (Reuters 2021, ‘New Nuclear, LTO among cheapest low carbon options, report shows’). ...cost of electricity sources conclude that new Nuclear is the cheapest low carbon option at the grid level. See10 KB (1,443 words) - 12:35, 24 June 2023
- ...[[ammonium chloride]] (NH<sub>4</sub>Cl) and [[dry ice]], which is solid [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), change directly from their solid form to a vapo ...sure at ordinary temperatures, or their normal boiling points, or how many carbon atoms they contain per molecule, and others define them in terms of their [14 KB (2,165 words) - 15:39, 25 February 2012
- ...anic amide without alkyl groups on the nitrogen to an amine with one fewer carbon atom3 KB (410 words) - 02:51, 17 October 2013
- '''Croquet''' is a sport using wooden or carbon-fiber mallets to knock balls across a lawn, playable with average strength,2 KB (403 words) - 10:26, 22 March 2023
- *Designation for the last carbon on the chain in a fatty acid3 KB (474 words) - 15:58, 19 March 2022
- Carboxylic acids contain a carbon atom that is attached to one oxygen atom with a double bond, a hydroxyl gro2 KB (398 words) - 15:31, 8 March 2023
- ...no acids are converted into urea through the [[urea cycle]], whereas their carbon skeletons are transformed into acetyl CoA, acetoacetyl CoA, pyruvate, or o7 KB (1,002 words) - 10:10, 14 August 2010
- ...e inorganic carbon source for the light-energy-driven synthesis of organic carbon compounds that ultimately provide organic substrates and biologically usefu Our current scientific understanding regards the oxygen-generating-carbon-dioxide-consuming-type of photosynthesis as our biosphere's most important25 KB (3,545 words) - 17:36, 30 September 2018
- ...ge]]), the atom of a chemical element has nuclear charge ''Ze''. Thus, the carbon nucleus has charge 6e (contains 6 protons) and the phosphorus nucleus conta7 KB (1,066 words) - 05:40, 6 March 2024
- Gases like carbon dioxide are denser than regular air. When they come out of solution they c3 KB (464 words) - 04:07, 6 February 2010
- ...for six pollutants, called the '''''criteria air pollutants''''', namely [[carbon monoxide]] (CO), [[sulfur dioxide]] (SO<sub>2</sub>), [[nitrogen dioxide]] |rowspan="2" |Carbon monoxide7 KB (1,063 words) - 14:08, 2 February 2023
- ...] or [[ethanol]] (CH<sub>3</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>OH) is always composed of [[carbon]], [[hydrogen]], and [[oxygen]] in a 2:6:1 ratio, i.e., its empirical formu ...ssed in conventional units equal to 1/12 from the mass of a <sup>12</sup>[[carbon|C]] [[isotope]] atom. For [[network solids]], the term [[formula unit]] is11 KB (1,558 words) - 21:27, 10 November 2020
- ...cortisone]]. The only difference between them is the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond in the A ring of prednisone that is not present in cortisone (n6 KB (717 words) - 11:53, 28 March 2023
- ...bonded one methyl, ethyl or propyl (normal or iso) group but not further carbon atoms,5 KB (597 words) - 08:35, 24 January 2011
- ...of the three [[carbon|carbons]] of a molecule of [[glycerol]]. The third carbon is attached to a [[phosphate group]], which is in turn often attached to an8 KB (1,202 words) - 06:30, 8 June 2009
- ...in the transport of other gases: It carries some of the body's respiratory carbon dioxide (about 20–25% of the total), in which CO2 is bound to the heme pr3 KB (388 words) - 16:25, 26 March 2023
- ...), they are assumed to play a significant role in the biological cycles of carbon and nitrogen. From soil, by direct contact or air-borne dust, endospores ca b) '''Effect of different carbon sources on central metabolic fluxes and the recombinant production of a hyd10 KB (1,396 words) - 04:19, 28 November 2013
- <tr><td>C<sub><math>\alpha</math></sub></td><td>alpha carbon of current amino acid</td> <tr><td>C<sub><math>\alpha-1</math></sub></td><td>alpha carbon of the previous amino acid</td>32 KB (5,116 words) - 04:54, 21 March 2024
- ...plants begin with a reformer or a gasifier to convert natural gas into [[carbon monoxide]] and [[hydrogen]], much as has been used in [[methanol]] and [[am3 KB (424 words) - 14:47, 26 April 2010
- ...<td>[[Carbonate]]</td> <td>CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup></td> <td> Evolves [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) gas when sulfuric acid is added </td>3 KB (610 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- <tr><td> [[Carbon disulfide]] <td> 2.64 KB (514 words) - 12:35, 26 October 2021
- ...or covalent bonds. The best-known oxides are: dihydrogen oxide (water), [[carbon dioxide]] (in aqueous solution "carbonic acid"), silica (silicon dioxide), ...required oxygen is imported from the air and some waste products, such as carbon dioxide, are released. For mammals, red blood cells containing [[hemoglobin12 KB (1,791 words) - 05:43, 6 March 2024
- ...not on the carbon with the OH (the #1 carbon), but one carbon over (the #2 carbon); therefore we indicate its presence with the prefix "2-amino". ...alkanes take the suffix "-ane" and are prefixed depending on the number of carbon atoms in the chain, as given by the following table:25 KB (3,880 words) - 09:42, 28 September 2013
- * [[Carbon]] atom: <math>\scriptstyle (1s)^2\,(2s)^2\, (2p)^2\,\,\, ^3P_{0}\,</math>.3 KB (467 words) - 01:09, 21 February 2010
- ...l diesel engine results in substantial reduction of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and particulate matter compared to emissions from diesel fuel. In ...78 percent compared to petroleum diesel. This is due to biodiesel’s closed carbon cycle. The CO<sub>2</sub> released into the atmosphere when biodiesel is bu9 KB (1,380 words) - 05:52, 30 October 2013
- ...mely, [[steam]], pure [[oxygen]] and/or [[air]]) to produce a mixture of [[carbon monoxide]] (CO) and [[hydrogen]] (H<sub>2</sub>) commonly called ''syngas'' ...:''''' This gasifier is a vertical, cylindrical vessel containing a bed of carbon-containing material (e.g., coal or biomass) through which steam, oxygen and17 KB (2,437 words) - 02:47, 21 March 2024
- ...ds composed of the same chemical elements (e.g., [[carbon monoxide]] and [[carbon dioxide]]) have different ratios of number of atoms of the elements. ...bers (e.g., 2-to-1 for the quantity of oxygen in carbon dioxide to that in carbon monoxide).26 KB (4,140 words) - 06:36, 6 March 2024
- {{r|Carbon}}3 KB (457 words) - 12:49, 15 March 2024
- ...s used [[Zyklon B]], a [[hydrogen cyanide]] preparation, rather than the [[carbon monoxide]] of other facilities.3 KB (435 words) - 03:13, 27 March 2024
- ===Carbon emissions=== ...assed a bill called the "Cap and Trade" bill, which is set in place to cut carbon emissions and also increase the use of renewable energies. Greenpeace is a11 KB (1,706 words) - 07:37, 25 March 2024
- * Bubbles of [[carbon dioxide]] ''nucleate'' shortly after the pressure is released from a contai ...d by the partial destruction of the previous interface. For example, if a carbon dioxide bubble forms between water and the inside surface of a bottle, the7 KB (1,098 words) - 16:14, 7 May 2008
- ...box. Under normal conditions, no electrical current could flow though the carbon granules because of their high resistance. But the increased electrical cur In 1879, David Edward Hughes heard crackling sounds in a carbon-contact telephone receiver whenever sparks were generated by nearby electri11 KB (1,769 words) - 22:13, 25 March 2008
- ...y include [[water]], [[salt]]s, [[organic compound]]s, and [[oxygen]] or [[carbon dioxide]] and, more rarely, wit and ideas. However, what is [[waste]] for o3 KB (471 words) - 23:26, 7 February 2009
- ...oxygen, their presence may slow flood waters, prevent soil erosion, absorb carbon dioxide, provide habitat and nourishment to birds, insects, and wild animal ...ts are essential to a tree's growth the majority of its biomass comes from carbon dioxide absorbed from the atmosphere (see [[photosynthesis]]). Above ground7 KB (1,032 words) - 09:28, 30 October 2023
- Sulphur itself is insoluble in water, but [[solubility|soluble]] in [[carbon disulfide]] and to a lesser extent in other non-polar organic solvents such3 KB (449 words) - 09:21, 6 March 2024
- ...ed as simply "R") [[covalent bond|covalently]] bonded to a central (alpha) carbon (C<sub><math>\alpha</math></sub>). Amino acids can link via [[peptide bond|3 KB (443 words) - 21:24, 16 February 2010
- ====[[Carbon copy]] (CC)==== ====[[Blind carbon copy]] (BCC)====17 KB (2,760 words) - 11:50, 2 February 2023
- ...ers. Specialized weapons may be useful for certain operations, such as the carbon-filament submunitions that can short out electrical power lines without per3 KB (499 words) - 14:13, 6 April 2024
- ...n liver injuries induced by chronic ethanol consumption and potentiated by carbon tetrachloride.3 KB (413 words) - 05:14, 18 August 2010
- ....daugerresearch.com/fractaldemos/altivecfractalcarbon.html Altivec Fractal Carbon] — Mac-based benchmarking utility, using fractals to determine performan5 KB (676 words) - 13:36, 21 February 2009
- ...those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing about 10 or 11 carbon atoms. ...aphtha) containing most (but not all) of the hydrocarbons with more than 6 carbon atoms. The heavy naphtha has an initial boiling point of about 140 to 150 �19 KB (2,771 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing about 10 or 11 carbon atoms. ...aphtha) containing most (but not all) of the hydrocarbons with more than 6 carbon atoms. The heavy naphtha has an initial boiling point of about 140 to 150 �19 KB (2,792 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...] components, they are reported as "GPM (C6+)" meaning hydrocarbons with 6 carbon atoms or more.<ref name=NGC>[http://www.naesb.org/pdf/update011905w9.pdf Wh4 KB (602 words) - 13:23, 2 February 2023
- ...the oxidation of organic matter with oxygen (chemo-organotrophic), and the carbon source is the organic matter (heterotrophic), so these organisms are called ...so contain high levels of organic acids (low pH) or have a high C/N ratio (carbon/nitrogen). If the C:N ration is greater then 30:1 the compost will tie up n20 KB (3,189 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...ng off [[dry transfer]] letters, tracing designs onto a new surface with [[carbon paper]], and hand [[embossing]]. Styli are also used to [[engraving|engrave3 KB (516 words) - 22:27, 14 November 2007
- ...with non-native OS X programs that would not be [[ported]] over to either Carbon or Cocoa, and existed only on the [[PowerPC]] platform. These programs woul *Carbon & Cocoa APIs11 KB (1,677 words) - 02:46, 22 February 2010
- ...of the right ventricle in to the [[lung]]s, where it exchanges unwanted [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]] for [[oxygen]]. The blood then travels back in to t4 KB (629 words) - 09:08, 1 March 2024
- ...te. As it is absorbed only by living organisms, by measuring the amount of carbon-14 in an organic sample it is possible to work out its age. It is effective8 KB (1,150 words) - 04:04, 24 April 2021
- ...a'' can also turn Atrizine, an herbicide that is toxic to wildlife, into [[carbon dioxide]] and [[water]]. ...]] called [[polyhydroxyalkanoate]] (PHA). Using styrene its only source of carbon and energy, the styrene is completely used up, creating an elastic type of19 KB (2,821 words) - 13:34, 10 January 2014
- ...ans'' are heterotrophic and non-photosynthetic, meaning they receive their carbon from organic compounds and receive their energy through the ingestion of or ...t they kill these animals by suffocation due to the release of ammonia and carbon dioxide, causing anoxic water conditions. <ref name=dic />9 KB (1,244 words) - 02:43, 20 March 2014
- [[Jack Kevorkian]] used a [[carbon monoxide]] inhaler as well as injected barbiturates. ...d under controlled conditions. The latter include [[carbon dioxide]] and [[carbon monoxide]].12 KB (1,884 words) - 04:05, 23 September 2010
- ...roximation breaks down. Since the best-known linear triatomic molecule ([[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]]) is electronically non-degenerate in its ground st4 KB (510 words) - 06:55, 11 May 2009
- ...riestly]] found that the water easily absorbed the gas later identified as carbon dioxide. Priestly published his findings in a paper titled "Directions for 1832: John Mathews invents an apparatus for charging water with carbon dioxide gas.7 KB (1,143 words) - 11:52, 22 January 2021
- ...hosphate|ATP]] and [[NADH]]), and production of a variety of six- or three-carbon intermediate metabolites, which may be removed at various steps in the proc ...ince they actually consume energy as the glucose is converted to two three-carbon sugar phosphates ([[Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate|G3P]]). The bold abbreviatio21 KB (3,063 words) - 02:03, 2 June 2009
- ...s, either air manually pumped to a high pressure, or from a cartridge of [[carbon dioxide]].3 KB (524 words) - 20:26, 4 February 2023
- ...concept and as yet (2007) no large scale power plant operates with a full carbon capture and storage system. ...l be more expensive. Rarely considered in such mathematics is the embodied carbon cost of the equipment and machinery needed to create this act of reverse-en33 KB (5,096 words) - 06:33, 10 October 2013
- ...ion]] of the organic compounds that results in releasing [[Gas|gaseous]] [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), water (H<sub>2</sub>O) and other oxidized by-pr Other than the primary carbon dioxide, water and sludge by-products of the biochemical processes occurrin11 KB (1,588 words) - 10:16, 4 July 2023
- The container that caught fire contained 14 tons of [[activated carbon pellets]] impregnated with [[potassium hydroxide]] (caustic potash). Most3 KB (486 words) - 11:36, 8 June 2009
- ...n the same way and silicon chemistry is to a significant extent similar to carbon chemistry.13 KB (2,075 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...This approach determines the Avogadro constant and hence the mass of the [[carbon]]-12 atom in kilograms. ...the result is a value of [[Avogadro's constant]] and again the mass of the carbon-12 atom in kilograms.9 KB (1,439 words) - 14:21, 10 September 2011
- ...lement have the same charge but differ in mass. For example, the element [[carbon]] (atomic number ''Z'' = 6, i.e., 6 protons) has two stable isotopes and on ...align="left "> 6 <td> [[Carbon|C]] <td width="5%" > {{Atomic mass|Carbon}} <td width="15%"> <td align="left "> 43 <td> [[Technetium|Tc]] <td18 KB (2,483 words) - 09:47, 6 March 2024
- ...cepts of [[latent heat]] and [[specific heat]], and for the discovery of [[carbon dioxide]]. He was a founder of [[thermochemistry]], and was the mentor of [ ...bonic acid by [[Lavoisier]] in 1781, - fixed air is what we now know of as carbon dioxide). He showed that when magnesium carbonate (''magnesia alba'') was h11 KB (1,779 words) - 21:23, 16 February 2010
- Not all types of submunitions are intended to injure people. Some emit thin carbon filaments, intended to short out power lines and temporarily cause blackout4 KB (589 words) - 16:22, 30 March 2024
- * [[Melvin Calvin]] (awarded 1961), for his research on the [[carbon dioxide]] assimilation in plants.4 KB (516 words) - 05:11, 31 May 2009
- *July 1873 [[Thomas Edison]] notes variable resistance in carbon grains due to pressure and builds a rheostat based on the principle. ...rst succeeded in transmitting over wires many articulated sentences" using carbon granules as a pressure sensitive variable resistance under the pressure of21 KB (3,055 words) - 07:33, 20 April 2024
- ...ion flue gases may also contain small amounts of [[particulate matter]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[nitrogen oxide]]s, and [[sulfur oxide]]s in the form of gaseo11 KB (1,721 words) - 08:08, 15 March 2024
- ...se belongs to the class of nutrients called carbohydrates, combinations of carbon (C) and water (H<sub>2</sub>O):<br> ...f the number of atoms per molecule of glucose times the atomic weights of: carbon (C) * 6, hydrogen (H) * 12, oxygen (O) * 6: (12 * 6) + (1 * 12) + (16 * 6)8 KB (1,179 words) - 17:37, 10 March 2014
- ...evel so that as gas is released in the operation of the airgun, the liquid carbon dioxide will vaporize and maintain nearly constant pressure. Because of thi11 KB (1,774 words) - 06:52, 28 March 2023
- ...ons. The raw gas also contains various amounts of [[acid gas]]es such as [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[me ...kPa gauge). Its gaseous components are mostly [[carbon monoxide]] (CO), [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) and [[nitrogen]] (N<sub>2</sub>). Although the f16 KB (2,411 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...3/> Crew will supply and install recreational boaters with free smoke and carbon monoxide detectors.6 KB (688 words) - 00:10, 10 August 2022
- ...ate transport]] and metabolism, and its inability to use glucose as a sole carbon source may be because it lacks a gene encoding [[glucokinase]]. Very unusua ...s an obligate [[aerobe]] which can also live in very low concentrations of carbon dioxide. Its cell wall is made of peptidoglycans linked together by amino-a11 KB (1,679 words) - 06:09, 3 December 2010
- ...ontinue to burn each element synthesised in turn, hydrogen, helium, then [[carbon]], [[oxygen]], [[silicon]] and so forth until they are left with [[iron]].4 KB (664 words) - 16:43, 28 November 2010
- *[[Acid gas]]es: [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[me ...sists mainly of methane with only trace quantities of ethane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. It does not contain propane, butanes, pentanes or condensate.26 KB (3,931 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...w.highnorth.no/Carbon%20footprint%20whale%20meat%20March%202008.doc On the carbon footprint of whale meat]'. March 2008. .doc file.</ref><ref>''[[Reuters]] U5 KB (773 words) - 22:20, 18 October 2009
- *[[Acid gas]]es: [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) and [[me ...sists mainly of methane with only trace quantities of ethane, nitrogen and carbon dioxide. It does not contain propane, butanes, pentanes or condensate.26 KB (3,927 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...ften wise to use a colored pencil to see what has been redrawn. Remove the carbon paper and tracing paper, and the basic outline, in a material that will not13 KB (2,209 words) - 10:13, 18 May 2010
- ...ogen]] and 21% [[oxygen]]. The remainder of about 1% contains [[argon]], [[carbon dioxide]] and very small amounts of other gases. The atmosphere is rarely, |[[Carbon dioxide]]|| align="center"|CO<sub>2</sub>|| align="center"|0.033|| align="c22 KB (3,363 words) - 19:40, 9 January 2021
- ...m gases that meet the requirements are [[water]] vapor (H<sub>2</sub>O), [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[ozone]] (O<sub>3</sub>), and [[methane]] (CH<5 KB (720 words) - 01:26, 21 December 2009
- ...lusion principle — the electrons of atoms with many electrons (e.g., carbon has 6, oxygen 8), arrange themselves in concentric shells about the nucleus <center>oxidation of carbon to carbon dioxide</center>31 KB (4,638 words) - 18:09, 29 October 2017
- ...cholesterol. Some cholesterol derivatives have a proton added to the C-5 carbon. If the H-5 proton is <math>\alpha</math>-oriented (points down) then ring ...xylated at three positions, C-11, C-17 and C21. The oxidation of the C-17 carbon must occur before the hydroxylation at C-21 to synthesize cortisol, otherwi19 KB (2,703 words) - 10:17, 29 March 2023
- ...proton is removed and the N<sup>1</sup>-nitrogen atom is bound the the C1' carbon of [[ribose]]. It is analogous in structure to [[thymidine]], which can be4 KB (593 words) - 13:27, 19 June 2008
- ...ystems rely on mutualisms between the plants which [[carbon fixation|fix]] carbon from the air, and [[Mycorrhyzal]] fungi which help in extracting minerals f10 KB (1,436 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- |Fixed [[carbon]], wt %||align="center"|86 − 92 ||align="center"|99.5 ...ndamentals] (written by Paul Ellis and Christopher Paul of the Great Lakes Carbon Corporation)</ref> The largest use is as a fuel.15 KB (2,330 words) - 09:15, 6 March 2024
- ...[Volatility (chemistry)|volatile]] compounds to burn off, leaving a higher-carbon material with higher porosity than the original wood. Charcoal will burn mo4 KB (724 words) - 23:40, 21 July 2020
- ...talysed by [[choline acetyltransferase]]. Its main task is conveying the [[carbon]] [[atom]]s within the acetyl group to the [[citric acid cycle]] to be [[ox5 KB (643 words) - 12:17, 6 April 2009
- Modern rowing boats are called “shells” and are typically made of carbon-fiber. There are one person, two person, four person, and eight person shel4 KB (715 words) - 16:27, 24 September 2019
- *[[Carbon dioxide]] – CO<sub>2</sub> *[[Carbon monoxide]] – CO26 KB (3,687 words) - 09:47, 6 March 2024
- ...the tissues. (In humans, less than 2% of the total oxygen, and most of the carbon dioxide, is held in solution in the [[blood plasma]]). A related compound,10 KB (1,571 words) - 04:02, 19 September 2013
- :[[Methane|CH<sub>4</sub>]] + 2 [[Oxygen|O]]<sub>2</sub> → [[Carbon dioxide|CO<sub>2</sub>]] + 2 [[Hydrogen|H]]<sub>2</sub>O ...ions involving [[organic compound]]s which are chemical compounds having [[carbon]] as the main element in their molecular structure. The reactions in which11 KB (1,592 words) - 09:15, 28 September 2013
- ...rature materials including structural ceramics such as [[Reinforced carbon-carbon|RCC]], polycrystalline [[silicon carbide]] and [[transformation toughened c11 KB (1,457 words) - 03:51, 1 November 2010
- <tr><td> C <td> [[Carbon]] <td align="right"> 68 KB (1,135 words) - 09:15, 6 March 2024
- ...re are also [[aromatic compound]]s with [[chemical element]]s other than [[carbon]] and [[hydrogen]], so they are aromatic but not hydrocarbons.5 KB (750 words) - 22:31, 28 November 2012
- ...groups, which can exhibit considerable chemical reactivity. For aliphatic carbon-halogen bonds the C-F bond is the strongest and usually less chemically rea6 KB (813 words) - 06:00, 6 March 2024
- ...of neutrons than 6-7.<ref>[http://periodictable.com/Elements/006/data.html Carbon Technical Data].</ref> Individually atoms are astonishingly small (carbon atom diameter: ~2.2•10<sup>–8</sup>cm = 22 nm<ref>[http://hyperphysics.18 KB (2,789 words) - 20:34, 27 October 2020
- ...ems other than nucleic acids and [[protein]]s may be constructed, or the [[carbon]]-based [[biology]] we know from our planet may be replaced experimentally5 KB (745 words) - 20:34, 29 September 2011
- ...eployed to improve soil carbon content, save water, and reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions. ...ef>[http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/tb1909/ Economics of Sequestering Carbon in the U.S. Agricultural Sector Jan Lewandrowski, Mark Peters, Carol Jones,18 KB (2,643 words) - 20:48, 17 April 2014
- ...planet Jupiter. On Earth hydrogen is mainly bound to other elements, to [[carbon]] in [[carbohydrates]] and [[hydrocarbons]], to [[oxygen]] in [[water]], an ...mdash;steam methane reforming) water vapor reacts with methane to yield [[carbon monoxide]] and H<sub>2</sub> at high temperatures (700 – 1000 °20 KB (3,081 words) - 21:57, 31 March 2022
- ...of the four canonical acid-base disorders expresses as a primary change in carbon dioxide tension or plasma bicarbonate concentration followed by a secondary4 KB (579 words) - 16:44, 17 June 2010
- Yeast (called "leaven" in ancient times) is also used to produce carbon dioxide bubbles in bread dough; this is then baked to make a lighter bread ...erting [[juice]] into [[wine]], grains into [[beer]], carbohydrates into [[carbon dioxide]] to leaven [[bread]], and sugars in vegetables into preservative o10 KB (1,303 words) - 18:41, 3 March 2024
- ...cial handling during startup, with air in the chamber first displaced by [[carbon dioxide]] before filling with hydrogen. This ensures that a highly [[explos ...icles. The flue gas contains [[nitrogen]] along with combustion products [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[sulfur dioxide]] (SO<sub>2</sub>) and [[nitro46 KB (7,021 words) - 12:42, 11 July 2023
- === Stable carbon isotope analysis === ...l analyses involve measuring the relative levels of stable [[isotope]]s of carbon in tooth [[enamel]]. There are numerous advantages to this technique. Fir27 KB (3,975 words) - 09:15, 15 January 2009
- ...heir interactions. Steel is harder than iron due to the incorporation of [[carbon]] resulting in a more rigid [[crystalline lattice]]. Wood burns or undergoe ...s. The number of known organic compounds ranges in the millions, owing to carbon's distinctive ability to form long chains and rings while simultaneously bo23 KB (3,309 words) - 09:41, 6 March 2024
- ...quipment items as well as each and every pipeline with piping class (e.g., carbon steel or stainless steel) and pipe size (diameter). They also show all valv5 KB (706 words) - 15:57, 17 August 2011
- ...PRELIMINARY CARE''': it consists of gastric decontamination with activated carbon or gastric lavage. However, it’s common for patients to get the treatment *Repeated doses of activated carbon can help absorb toxins are in the gastrointestinal tract.9 KB (1,367 words) - 11:52, 2 February 2023
- <tr><td>6 <td>C <td>[[Carbon]] <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2 <td bgcolor="#D0D0D0">2<td>221 KB (3,868 words) - 09:15, 6 March 2024
- ...ke is an [[aerosol]] that contains >4,000 chemicals, including nicotine, [[carbon monoxide]], [[acrolein]], and oxidant compounds.5 KB (678 words) - 08:07, 30 September 2016
- ...]s (protons and neutrons), such as [[hydrogen]] and [[carbon]]-13 (but not carbon-12!) possess an intrinsic degree of freedom called nuclear angular momentum10 KB (1,408 words) - 04:54, 21 March 2024
- ...ontains a small percentage of pollutants such as [[particulate matter]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[nitrogen oxide]]s and [[sulfur oxide]]s. The flue gas stacks11 KB (1,689 words) - 20:45, 20 July 2011
- ...s are supergiant stars of spectral class ''F'' or ''G'' that are rich in [[carbon]] and [[helium]] content but poor in [[hydrogen]]. The cause of these fadings is thought to be due to a cloud of carbon dust that forms when expelled matter from the surface of the star condenses18 KB (2,830 words) - 10:19, 9 June 2008
- ...n from natural gas ranges from $0.50 to $1.70 per kg. See the section "Low-carbon hydrogen can become competitive within the next decade" in the [https://www ...equire enormous commitments of land and mineral resources. Getting to zero carbon, using currently favored wind and solar technologies, will require a breakt18 KB (2,675 words) - 03:50, 8 January 2024
- Chains with an odd-number of [[carbon]]s are oxidized in the same manner as even-numbered chains, but the final p5 KB (813 words) - 16:55, 8 May 2010
- ...lternative to [[heterotroph]]y many bacteria are [[autotrophic]], fixing [[carbon dioxide]] into cell mass. ...[[autotroph]]ic, meaning that they obtain cellular carbon by fixation of [[carbon dioxide]], whereas [[photoorganotroph]]ic and [[chemoorganotroph]]ic organi26 KB (3,840 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- |[[Carbon dioxide]]|| align="center"|CO<sub>2</sub>|| align="center"|0.033|| align="c Note the amounts of [[greenhouse gas]]es that are present: water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Additional gases (not listed in12 KB (1,867 words) - 08:51, 30 June 2023
- ...ompounds labeled with short-lived positron-emitting radionuclides (such as carbon-11, nitrogen-13, oxygen-15 and fluorine-18) to measure cell metabolism. It6 KB (785 words) - 02:22, 15 May 2010
- ...author = Atterling, H., Forsling, W.|title = Light Polonium Isotopes from Carbon Ion Bombardments of Platinum |journal = Arkiv for Fysik | volume = 15| issu10 KB (1,519 words) - 00:00, 28 October 2013
- ...elements, hydrogen, [[helium]], [[lithium]], [[boron]], [[nitrogen]] and [[carbon]] have 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 protons, respectively, as well as electrons and5 KB (829 words) - 21:52, 21 July 2020
- #Klemenc-Ketis ''et al.'' (2010) The effect of carbon dioxide on near-death experiences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivo4 KB (569 words) - 05:14, 5 March 2011
- ...fully applied Fresnel's process using a tall gas absorption tower in which carbon dioxide bubbled up through a descending flow of brine, together with effici13 KB (1,788 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- Charcoal and graphite, while both black carbon for drawing, are quite different in texture and feel in the hand.6 KB (960 words) - 18:26, 1 June 2021
- |colspan="6"|Notes:<br> CO<sub>2</sub> is [[carbon dioxide]], NH<sub>3</sub> is [[ammonia]], H<sub>2</sub>O is water and HC is ...but it also [[Hydrolysis|hydrolyzes]] the [[carbonyl sulfide]] (COS) and [[carbon disulfide]] (CS<sub>2</sub>) that is formed in the reaction furnace:13 KB (1,990 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...enes are modified chemically, such as by oxidation or rearrangement of the carbon skeleton, the resulting compounds are generally referred to as [[terpenoid]6 KB (865 words) - 04:25, 14 September 2013
- ...e it produces large amounts of urease enzyme. Urease breaks urea down into carbon dioxide and ammonia. The ammonia neutralizes the gastric acid that is prese ...an test noninvasively with a blood antibody test, stool antigen test, or a carbon urea breath test. A more reliable test is a biopsy check during endoscopy a12 KB (1,766 words) - 01:02, 2 November 2013
- ...ting to 0.2 pg. About half of the dry mass of a bacterial cell consists of carbon, and also about half of it can be attributed to proteins. Therefore, a typi ...enty for use in times of want. For example, many [[bacteria]] store excess carbon in the form of [[polyhydroxybutyrate|polyhydroxyalkanoates]] or [[glycogen]22 KB (3,296 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...interactions. [[Steel]] is harder than iron due to the incorporation of [[carbon]] resulting in a more rigid [[crystalline lattice]]. Wood burns or undergoe ...ned as any compound bearing one or more covalent bonds between two or more carbon atoms.22 KB (3,143 words) - 09:41, 6 March 2024
- ...pment and forming [[oxide]]s (rust). It also combines with any dissolved [[carbon dioxide]] to form [[carbonic acid]] that causes further corrosion. Most dea6 KB (932 words) - 17:34, 1 May 2010
- ...R Launches Building an International Hydrogen Energy Supply Chain Aimed at Carbon-free Society9 KB (1,054 words) - 13:51, 27 February 2022
- ...fully applied Fresnel's process using a tall gas absorption tower in which carbon dioxide bubbled up through a descending flow of brine, together with effici14 KB (1,996 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...he sea from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant contains radioactive carbon with the potential to damage human DNA"<br> "in addition to radioactive isotope tritium, contains radioactive isotope carbon-14, which is “major contributor to collective human radiation dose and ha11 KB (1,842 words) - 10:28, 19 March 2024
- ...liquid carbon dioxide. In an evaporator, the caffeine is drawn out by the carbon dioxide and precipitates; after a period of [[evaporation]] and re[[condens ...in water, which absorbs the caffeine content. The water is passed through carbon filters which process out the caffeine. A fresh batch of beans is then soak19 KB (2,753 words) - 00:18, 17 February 2010
- ...nto the atmosphere. [[Air quality]] limit values for [[sulfur dioxide]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[benzene]] and [[lead]] set by the [[European Union]] are no l6 KB (926 words) - 12:58, 10 January 2011
- The interstellar medium contains ionised elements (predominantly carbon, silicon and sulphur), neutral elements (most of which is hydrogen, helium,7 KB (987 words) - 10:12, 30 May 2009
- ...rid. Some reactors are not able to do this.</ref> energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innova {{Image|SMR_temperature.png|right|350px|Fig.7 Zero-carbon, very high-temperature process heat will be needed for some industries.}}23 KB (3,486 words) - 09:11, 19 April 2024
- * '''''Packing types:''''' ceramic random, carbon steel and stainless steel random, and structured.7 KB (953 words) - 13:17, 2 February 2023
- .... Coffin]] in the late 1800s, even as [[carbon arc welding]], which used a carbon electrode, gained popularity. Around 1900, [[A. P. Strohmenger]] released ...ing]] was developed during the 1950s, using a consumable electrode and a [[carbon dioxide]] atmosphere as a shielding gas, and it quickly became the most pop41 KB (6,367 words) - 05:51, 12 September 2013
- ...ce. Pluto, on the other hand is covered with frozen nitrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide. One possible explanation for the difference is that the materials6 KB (989 words) - 08:07, 10 January 2021
- ...able food and resources; industry cannot continue pumping [[carbon cycle | carbon]] from the14 KB (2,099 words) - 13:37, 10 April 2024
- ...eral properties. Geologists are most interested in the decay of isotopes [[carbon-14]] (into [[nitrogen-14]]) and [[potassium-40]] (into [[argon-40]]). ...e accurate. Radiocarbon dating is carried out by measuring how much of the carbon-14 and nitrogen-14 isotopes are found in a material. The ratio between the17 KB (2,763 words) - 08:53, 2 March 2024
- ...p. These relationships are merely a few facets of the great [[carbon cycle|carbon]] and [[oxygen cycle]]s that sustain all life on Earth.28 KB (4,279 words) - 06:29, 7 May 2014
- **Orbiting Carbon Observer (OCO) http://oco.jpl.nasa.gov/6 KB (725 words) - 12:06, 9 March 2021
- ...ad libitum||Nicotine patch alone||Abstinence at 26 weeks by 7 days exhaled carbon monoxide testing ||35% ||19% ...tine patch||Nicotine patch alone||Abstinence at 52 weeks by single exhaled carbon monoxide testing || Both drugs 36%<br/>Bupropion alone 30% ||16%15 KB (2,047 words) - 13:29, 10 February 2023
- ...ditional material used for bicycle frames is steel. Aluminium titanium and carbon fiber frames are also widely available. Exotic materials such as bamboo hav7 KB (1,007 words) - 06:30, 12 September 2013
- ...ined from the EM spectrum include water ice, methyl alcohol, silicates and carbon dioxide ice.<ref>[http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA04940 PIA0494 ...drogen is consumed, the helium is then burned and that in turn synthesises carbon. To continue to burn fuel produced at each stage, the star must be hot enou14 KB (2,338 words) - 10:18, 23 November 2011
- ...ntrolled so as to provide the desired ratio of [[carbon monoxide]] (CO) to carbon dioxide for each specific FCC design.<ref name=Gary/> <ref name=Jones/> ...well as to comply with any applicable environmental regulatory limits on carbon monoxide emissions.<ref name=Reza/>31 KB (4,755 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...vered that plant growth was the result of both the fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (<math>CO_2</math>) into the plant, and the incorporation of water.14 KB (2,059 words) - 12:47, 6 September 2013
- ...vered that plant growth was the result of both the fixation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (<math>CO_2</math>) into the plant, and the incorporation of water.14 KB (2,063 words) - 12:41, 6 September 2013
- ...r a single proton, denoted ''I'', bonded to a heteroatom, ''S''. A proton-carbon pair of [[benzene]] is a useful example. No coupling occurs when the magne8 KB (1,290 words) - 02:21, 16 February 2010
- ...ved [[gyroscope]] to control its [[azimuth]] (i.e., compass heading), with carbon vanes in the exhaust to provide steering. It also contained accelerometers6 KB (917 words) - 05:24, 15 March 2024
- The earliest origins of major crops based on carbon-14 dating, date back around 10,000 years, just after the end of the last ic ...mestication of ''einkorn'' near the Karacadag Mountain Range. The earliest carbon-14 date for the ''einkorn'' wheat remains at [[Abu Hureyra]] is 7800 to 75013 KB (1,770 words) - 07:32, 31 December 2007
- ...tain small percentages of air pollutants such as [[particulate matter]], [[carbon monoxide]], [[nitrogen oxide]]s, and [[sulfur oxide]]s in the form of gaseo16 KB (2,561 words) - 09:49, 28 July 2023
- ...consists of 75-85% water by mass.</ref> For another example, the element [[carbon]] supplies the backbone of numerous species of essential compounds of all a ...Graphite, Diamond, [[Amorphous carbon]], [[Lonsdaleite]], [[Fullerene]], [[Carbon nanotube]].</ref> Oxygen atoms (O), oxygen gas (O<sub>2</sub>), and ozone (39 KB (5,559 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- Organic reactions can also be classified by the type of bond to carbon with respect to the element involved. More reactions are found in [[organos9 KB (1,149 words) - 07:52, 2 September 2008
- ...species of atom, such as the copper atoms fashioned into copper wire, the carbon atoms comprising a diamond gem, or iron atoms in a chunk of purified iron. ...s]], defined in terms of the number of atoms of a specified [[isotope]] of carbon in a specified quantity of isotope expressed in kilograms.14 KB (2,271 words) - 17:17, 9 October 2013
- ...glycerol. PLA2 enzymes specifically [[deacylate]] fatty acids from the 2nd carbon atom (sn2, thus PLA2) of the triglyceride backbone of phospholipids, produc6 KB (929 words) - 15:37, 12 November 2007
- ...mistry is the study of the rest of the periodic table other than primarily carbon-based molecules.6 KB (1,000 words) - 10:00, 4 June 2022
- ...crystal can be seen as one huge molecule consisting of bonded C—C (carbon-carbon) pairs. ...mon in [[organic chemistry]]. They occur between, for instance, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms and give rise to stable, recognizable, molecu37 KB (5,836 words) - 05:36, 6 March 2024
- ...roup, that can undergo [[nucleophilic attack]] of the terminal halogenated carbon(s) to form a cyclic cation ([[phosphonium]], [[ammonium]], or [[oxonium]])6 KB (979 words) - 11:49, 2 February 2023
- |[[Carbon]] ||align="center"|83 to 87 ...though some molecules may be present that have less than 5 or more than 40 carbon atoms.30 KB (4,497 words) - 16:53, 12 March 2024
- <tr> <td>[[Carbon]]-13</td> <td><sup>13</sup>C</td> <td>1/2</td> <td>0.000175</td>12 KB (1,860 words) - 09:15, 6 March 2024
- *Sovacool, et al.(2020) Differences in carbon emissions reduction between countries pursuing renewable electricity versus8 KB (1,033 words) - 12:21, 19 April 2024
- ...mount of [[acid gas]], such as [[hydrogen sulphide]] (H<sub>2</sub>S) or [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>) and can cause [[corrosion]].<ref name=GPSA_Datab8 KB (1,255 words) - 09:37, 6 March 2024
- ...portant role in the maintenance of earth's mineral supplies (such as the [[carbon cycle]]), of air quality (such as [[General circulation model | Earth's res ...global weather and [[Natural environment|environmental]] issues (such as [[carbon dioxide]] displacement).14 KB (1,988 words) - 10:39, 19 September 2009
- ...am] requires temperatures near 1000C to run efficiently.</ref> for a truly carbon-free economy.16 KB (2,447 words) - 17:25, 22 April 2024
- ...n liver injuries induced by chronic ethanol consumption and potentiated by carbon tetrachloride.7 KB (919 words) - 14:12, 20 August 2010
- ...because of low blood pressure or [[arrhythmia]], and when blood levels of carbon dioxide are driven down by prolonged hyperventilation. Despite the fact tha7 KB (991 words) - 09:04, 30 August 2011
- ...and development is being devoted to the removal, capture and disposal of [[carbon dioxide]] from flue gases.7 KB (1,013 words) - 07:32, 20 April 2024
- ...tudied gases and noted the weight ratios of [[nitrogen]], [[oxygen]] and [[carbon]] and proposed the Law of Simple Multiple Proportions (later confirmed by c7 KB (1,170 words) - 08:30, 6 May 2022
- ...lpha</math>-ketobutyrate]]. In this cleavage reaction, serine acts as the carbon skeleton and homocysteine provides the sulfur atom.8 KB (1,016 words) - 10:28, 2 November 2009
- ...ius for forty-eight hours in humidified chamber containing five percent of carbon dioxide and the test read with an inverted microscope.7 KB (1,025 words) - 22:35, 7 February 2010
- ...body and contains the heat exchanger tubes. The shell is fabricated from [[carbon steel]] plates and is stiffened as needed to provide rigidity for the shel8 KB (1,176 words) - 16:28, 10 February 2024
- Treatment is given by [[activated carbon]] and/or whole bowel irrigation to decrease the absorption from the GI trac7 KB (1,063 words) - 15:15, 5 August 2010
- ...ommerce|commercial]] polymers, including [[composite material]]s such as [[carbon fiber]]-[[epoxy]], [[polystyrene]]-[[polybutadiene]] (HIPS), [[acrylonitril8 KB (1,157 words) - 09:16, 6 March 2024
- ...d consists of the following pairing: left-chain -CO-NH- right chain (the [[carbon|C]] and the [[oxygen|O]] are bound by a double bond, the [[Nitrogen|N]] and ...chains (polyhydrocarbons) to a three carbon backbone. In cells, the third carbon is often a polar head group, linked by a phosphate, such that these [[phosp36 KB (5,455 words) - 11:49, 6 September 2013
- ...d consists of the following pairing: left-chain -CO-NH- right chain (the [[carbon|C]] and the [[oxygen|O]] are bound by a double bond, the [[Nitrogen|N]] and ...chains (polyhydrocarbons) to a three carbon backbone. In cells, the third carbon is often a polar head group, linked by a phosphate, such that these [[phosp36 KB (5,455 words) - 08:57, 12 September 2013
- By examining both ratios of major elements (e.g., carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen) as well as the presence of trace elements, NAA8 KB (1,189 words) - 06:39, 12 September 2013
- ...biogeochemical cycles--whether the water cycle, the nitrogen cycle, the [[carbon cycle]], or others--happen in concert with one another. Biogeochemical cycl21 KB (3,189 words) - 15:35, 3 September 2010
- ...from those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing 11 or 12 carbon atoms. It has an initial [[boiling point]] at [[atmospheric pressure]] of a ...le). [[Paraffin|Paraffinic hydrocarbons]] ([[alkane]]s) wherein all of the carbon atoms are in a straight chain have the lowest octane ratings. Hydrocarbons42 KB (6,350 words) - 07:31, 20 April 2024
- ...from those containing 4 [[carbon]] [[atom]]s to those containing 11 or 12 carbon atoms. It has an initial [[boiling point]] at [[atmospheric pressure]] of a ...le). [[Paraffin|Paraffinic hydrocarbons]] ([[alkane]]s) wherein all of the carbon atoms are in a straight chain have the lowest octane ratings. Hydrocarbons42 KB (6,354 words) - 07:31, 20 April 2024
- ...erobic protozoan, which uses a hydrogenosome to break down pyruvate into [[carbon dioxide]]. In other words, the hydrogenosome functions as a respiratory org ...spiratory functions. Malic enzymes catalyze malic acid to pyruvic acid and carbon dioxide, also known as malate dehydrogenase. The study of this protein has16 KB (2,181 words) - 02:17, 17 October 2013
- ...Haldane JS, Haldane JB. (1912) The laws of combination of haemoglobin with carbon monoxide and oxygen. ''J. Physiol'' 44:275-304}} ...?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=16993128 The laws of combination of haemoglobin with carbon monoxide and oxygen. ''J. Physiol'' 44:275-304. Free Full-Text]</ref> 22 KB (3,306 words) - 21:10, 17 April 2014
- ...y the subject of research, such as [[Supercritical fluid|supercritical]] [[carbon dioxide]], known as [[List of refrigerants|R-744]]. These have similar effi ...in 1850 and 1853 for a vapor-compression system capable of using either [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), [[ammonia]] (NH<sub>3</sub>) or ether.<ref>Brit18 KB (2,699 words) - 10:31, 28 June 2023
- ::*Carbon C. & Leder H. Face adaptation: Changing stable representations of familiar8 KB (1,060 words) - 22:30, 8 November 2010
- ...e domestication of einkorn near the Karacadag Mountain Range. The earliest carbon-14 date for the einkorn wheat remains at [[Abu Hureyra]] is 7800 to 7500 ye ...trong and elastic gluten present in bread wheats enables [[dough]] to trap carbon dioxide during leavening, but elastic gluten interferes with the rolling of30 KB (4,576 words) - 10:10, 28 February 2024
- ...c pulse, or large-scale attacks on electric power transmission lines using carbon filaments to short them out.<ref>{{citation8 KB (1,218 words) - 05:21, 31 March 2024
- ...ntly stored methane gas, which “….packs a far greater warming punch than [carbon dioxide] (CO<sub>2</sub>),”<ref name=walker2007>Walker G (2007) [http://d ...ich causes about 36–70% of the greenhouse effect (not including clouds); [[carbon dioxide]] (CO<sub>2</sub>), which causes 9–26%; [[methane]] (CH<sub>4</su54 KB (8,007 words) - 06:42, 7 April 2014