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  • ...al discs, whereas [[Bolwig nerve]] (Bn) constitutes the link of the larval brain to the larval [[photo receptor]]s.}} ...numbers of neurons in the brain than rodents of a similar, or even larger, brain size. Data from Herculano-Houzel et al. (2006, 2007). Illustration by Loren
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  • ...the previous images) to differing degrees. From [[CZ:Ref:Bohland 2009 The Brain Atlas Concordance Problem Quantitative Comparison of Anatomical Parcellatio ...; from [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI scans]] of one or many or entire [[brain]]s or [[cerebral hemisphere]]s.
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  • ...x|The basic principle of [[surface-based brain morphometry|surface-based]] brain morphometry: [[Neuroimaging]] data are processed and used to generate a sur ...udeonly>{{Image|Brain morphometry overview.png|right|350px|[[Surface-based brain morphometry]].}}</includeonly>
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  • ...eeks gestational age she weighed 710 g. The images show slices through the brain at the mid-ventricular level and at the level of the centrum semiovale from ...ic [[ectoderm|ectodermal cell]]s and transforming into the complex adult [[brain]].
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Buckner 2008 The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease}} *{{CZ:Ref:Vallender 2008 Genetic basis of human brain evolution}}
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  • ...se as [[cephalopod]]s, [[insect]]s and [[vertebrate]]s implies that the '''brain's evolutionary history''' is of at least equal complexity. ...tlined here.<!-- The following paragraphs are mainly centred on vertebrate brain evolution, so they will have to be either moved to a more specialized artic
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  • #Redirect [[Brain morphometry]]
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  • #REDIRECT [[brain mass]]
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  • ''Note: [[Brain plasticity and music]] has been started within an [[CZ:Eduzendium|Eduzendiu The term '''brain plasticity''' is used to described the ability of brain tissue to adapt its structures to changing environmental conditions or func
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  • #redirect [[Brain evolution]]
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  • ...o a [[geographical]] coordinate system. Though technically a subfield of [[brain morphometry]], the two terms are often used interchangeably.
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  • Name = Brain concussion| ...ain injury''' ('''MTBI'''), is the most common and least serious type of [[brain injury]]. Concussion is a "trauma-induced alteration in mental status that
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  • #Redirect [[Brain morphometry]]
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  • ...c arrest]], once considered the standard, is often reversible. Recognizing brain death is not simple, and often involves meeting both legal and medical crit |title = Evidence-based guideline update: Determining brain death in adults; Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the Americ
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  • #redirect [[brain development]]
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  • ...that controlled production of certain products (such as oil or steel). A brain trust thus refers to a group of advisers who control the intellectual and c ...at Depression]]. As the term became popularized it was shortened to just "brain trust."
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  • ...s from various vertebrate species, highlighting the gradual differences in brain size and [[gyrification]].}} ...numbers of neurons in the brain than rodents of a similar, or even larger, brain size. Data from Herculano-Houzel et al. (2006, 2007). Illustration by Loren
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  • ...nical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with [[diffuse axonal injury]] or [[post-traumatic Types of brain injury include:
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  • *A cartoon about the anatomy of the brain:
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  • #REDIRECT [[brain morphometry]]
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain size]]
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain size]]
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  • One of the measures of [[brain size]]; sum of the [[volume]]s of [[grey matter]], [[white matter]] and oft
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain size]]
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  • The build-up of the brain from [[ectoderm]]al cells to a complex structure of [[neuron]]s, [[glia]] a
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  • ...f:Kremen 2009 Genetic and environmental influences on the size of specific brain regions in midlife - The VETSA MRI study}} *{{CZ:Ref:Dechmann 2009 Comparative studies of brain evolution: a critical insight from the Chiroptera}}
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  • One of the measures of [[brain size]]; sum of the [[mass]]es of [[grey matter]], [[white matter]] and ofte
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Dechmann 2009 Comparative studies of brain evolution: a critical insight from the Chiroptera}} *{{CZ:Ref:Pradel 2009 Skull and brain of a 300-million-year-old chimaeroid fish revealed by synchrotron holotomog
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Frackowiak 2004 Human Brain Function}} *{{CZ:Ref:Buckner 2008 The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease}}
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  • Umbrella term for various measures of how big a brain is.
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  • ...three-year-old girl that was treated with [[hemispherectomy]]. Thanks to [[brain plasticity]], this allowed her to lead a normal life since
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  • | title = Brain Size and Folding of the Human Cerebral Cortex. | title = Brain of a white-collar worker
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  • ...:Ref:Draganski 2008 Training-induced structural changes in the adult human brain}} *{{CZ:Ref:Boyke 2008 Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly}}
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  • ...iator of regulation, and all of these inputs are processed by areas in the brain such as the [[hypothalamus]] and the [[nucleus tractus solitarii]] (NTS). ...|500px|''Gut-Brain signaling Pathways'' Proteins and [[hormone]]s activate brain pathways in different ways, either by eventual vagal activation or through
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  • *[http://www.ucsd.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=11188 Brain development] &mdash; a talk by [[developmental cognitive neuroscientist]] [
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  • The [[map projection|projection]] of [[brain]] properties onto a standard [[coordinate system]].
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  • A model of the [[brain]], depicting it as if it were as [[transparency (optics)|transparent]] as [
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  • * [http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/basics/braintut/ab0.html Brain Tutorial] * [http://brainmuseum.org/ Comparative Mammalian Brain Collection]
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  • | title=A three-dimensional MRI atlas of the zebra finch brain in stereotaxic coordinates. *{{CZ:Ref:Rohlfing 2008 The SRI24 Multi-Channel Brain Atlas: Construction and Applications}}
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  • {{dambigbox|Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)|BNP}} ...ed '''B-Type natriuretic peptide''', is a "peptide that is secreted by the brain and the heart atria, stored mainly in cardiac ventricular myocardium. It ca
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  • A reference work in which [[neuroanatomy|brain structures]] are placed in a [[coordinate system]] that is standardized for
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  • ...in the [[brain]], their differences between individuals, correlations with brain function, and changes of these characteristics over time.
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain size]]
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  • See also [[brain trust/external links]]
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  • The ability of the brain to adapt to new situations, e.g. by [[learning]] or [[neurogenesis]].
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  • Physical damage to brain tissue or structure that occurs before, during, or after birth.
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  • ...ry: Differences in structure and function of the two brain hemispheres.{{r|Brain atlas}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain plasticity and music}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain morphometry}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Mammalian brain}}
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain size/Approval]]
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  • {{r|Brain injury}}
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  • ...chanisms of Neural Response to Gastrointestinal Nutritive Stimuli: The Gut-Brain Axis. ''Gastroenterology'' 137:262-273 (The gut-brain axis, which transmits nutrient information from the gastrointestinal
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  • {{r|Brain||**}} {{r|Brain development||***}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain||**}} {{r|Brain development||***}}
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  • ...and described by [[CZ:Ref:Shattuck 2009 Online resource for validation of brain segmentation methods|Shattuck et al., 2009]]. *[http://www.nbirn.net/research/morphometry/index.shtm Brain morphometry homepage] at the [http://www.nbirn.net/ Biomedical Informatics
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain concussion}}
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  • ...signalling|interaction]] between the [[gastrointestinal tract]] and the [[brain]].
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  • .../www.fishbase.org/manual/FishbaseThe_BRAINS_Table.htm Comparative table of brain size in fish] *[http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/a_brains.html Brain size] at [http://www.talkorigins.org/ The TalkOrigins Archive]
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  • .../brainmuseum.org/development/index.html Brain development animation at the Brain Museum] * [http://info.med.yale.edu/chldstdy/plomdevelop/development/Arch1.html Brain development column] - collection of editorials from the [http://www.jaacap.
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  • ...by Gene] &mdash; an article in [[Wired Magazine|Wired]] about the [[Allen Brain Atlas]] *[http://obart.info/ The Online Brain Atlas Reconciliation Tool]
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  • #REDIRECT [[Brain concussion]]
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  • {{r|Brain}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain evolution}}
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  • * [http://www.youramazingbrain.org/Insidebrain/brainevolution.htm Brain evolution] &mdash; an introductory website * [http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/site/misc/brainevolution.xhtml Brain evolution] &mdash; a [[special issue]] of the [[scientific journal|journal]
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  • {{r|Brain morphometry||****}} {{r|Brain||**}}
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  • ...asticity''' refers to experience-driven changes in the organization of the brain. On a structural level we distinguish synaptic changes/ synaptic plasticity ...musicians to be an ideal model to investigate plastic changes in the human brain.
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain morphometry}}
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  • *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/77400/Brain-Trust Brain Trust (United States history) - Encyclopedia Britannica‎]
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  • ...scientific conference]] organized annually by the [[Organization for Human Brain Mapping]], with a focus on [[neuroimaging]] in humans.
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  • Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Brain natriuretic peptide]]. Needs checking by a human.
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  • The adaptations and changes in the [[brain]] during learning [[music]] formally.
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  • | title = Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly | title = Brain Organization For Music Processing
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  • ...wn as the organizer of the annual [[Human Brain Mapping (conference)|Human Brain Mapping conference]].
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  • {{r|Brain plasticity}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Human Brain}}
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  • ...s in the [[brain]] that have been found to be particularly active when the brain is engaged with no particular activity.
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  • | [[Brain evolution]] | [[Brain development]]
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Page text matches

  • ...ry: Differences in structure and function of the two brain hemispheres.{{r|Brain atlas}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • ...mations]] required to [[image registration|register]] them onto a common [[brain atlas|template]].
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • * [http://www.youramazingbrain.org/Insidebrain/brainevolution.htm Brain evolution] &mdash; an introductory website * [http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/site/misc/brainevolution.xhtml Brain evolution] &mdash; a [[special issue]] of the [[scientific journal|journal]
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain morphometry}}
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  • ...ecurrent [[seizure]]s or disturbed mental function, due to disturbances of brain electrical activity.
    171 bytes (21 words) - 13:03, 21 July 2008
  • ...and postural tone caused by diminished blood flow to the [[brain]] (i.e., brain ischemia).<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinclude>
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  • .../www.fishbase.org/manual/FishbaseThe_BRAINS_Table.htm Comparative table of brain size in fish] *[http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/a_brains.html Brain size] at [http://www.talkorigins.org/ The TalkOrigins Archive]
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  • ...s in the [[brain]] that have been found to be particularly active when the brain is engaged with no particular activity.
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Hu 2008 Automatic and adaptive brain morphometry on MR images}} *{{CZ:Ref:Smith 2002 Fast robust automated brain extraction}}
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  • ''Note: [[Brain plasticity and music]] has been started within an [[CZ:Eduzendium|Eduzendiu The term '''brain plasticity''' is used to described the ability of brain tissue to adapt its structures to changing environmental conditions or func
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  • ...ntains [[cerebellum]], [[fourth ventricle]], [[cerebellopontine angle]], [[brain stem]], and related structures.
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  • Temporary short-term memory loss that may result from the deactivation of the brain's temporal lobes and/or thalamus.
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  • ...by Gene] &mdash; an article in [[Wired Magazine|Wired]] about the [[Allen Brain Atlas]] *[http://obart.info/ The Online Brain Atlas Reconciliation Tool]
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain morphometry}}
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  • A [[congenital]] malformation of the [[brain]], resulting in a [[brain size]] significantly below the age-adjusted average.
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  • ...in the [[brain]], their differences between individuals, correlations with brain function, and changes of these characteristics over time.
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  • ...nt [[neuroimaging|images]] of a [[vertebrate]] head into [[brain]] and non-brain [[tissue]].
    184 bytes (23 words) - 06:15, 6 January 2010
  • ...o a [[geographical]] coordinate system. Though technically a subfield of [[brain morphometry]], the two terms are often used interchangeably.
    363 bytes (48 words) - 09:47, 1 March 2010
  • A variant of [[brain morphometry]] in which [[digital images]] of [[brain]]s are compared on the basis of properties of groups of [[voxel]]s.
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  • ...round the margin of the ventricular system, which have an incomplete blood-brain barrier.
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  • ...localization of a brain function on either the right or left sides of the brain.
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  • * [http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/basics/braintut/ab0.html Brain Tutorial] * [http://brainmuseum.org/ Comparative Mammalian Brain Collection]
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  • {{r|Brain||**}} {{r|Brain development||***}}
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  • The human brain's observed inability to make intuitive estimates of the probability of an e
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  • {{r|Brain morphometry||****}} {{r|Brain||**}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain concussion}}
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  • One of the circumventricular organs of the brain, lacking a blood-brain barrier, known as a site where blood-borne factors are "sensed".
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Mammalian brain}}
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  • {{r|Brain ventricle}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain development}} {{r|Brain evolution}}
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  • *Brain CK. (1981) The hunters or the hunted? Chicago: University of Chicago Press. *Brain CK. (1993) Swartkrans: a cave’s chronicle of early man. Pretoria: Transva
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  • {{r|Brain evolution}} {{r|Brain morphometry}}
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  • * [http://www.loni.ucla.edu/Atlases/ Mouse, Rat, Primate and Human Brain Atlases (UCLA Center for Computational Biology)] <!-- broken link requires ...//brainmaps.org brainmaps.org: High-Resolution Neuroanatomically-Annotated Brain Atlases]
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  • ...e brain, enclosed by the vertebral column; carries neural signals from the brain and sensory information from the rest of the body, and is also responsible
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  • ...l.png|right|500px|[[Gyrification|Cortical folding pattern]] of the [[human brain]], highlighting the [[anatomical variability]] of the [[superior temporal ...morphometry|brain morphometric]] measures across a set of [[brain]]s or [[brain images]].
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  • ...peeling''') is a term used to describe the separation of [[brain]] and non-brain [[tissue]] of the [[head]] of [[vertebrate]]s, and humans in particular. ...iving or dead subject. To analyze the brain separately (e.g. by means of [[brain morphometry]]), its share of the image has to be "peeled off" from the surr
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • .../brainmuseum.org/development/index.html Brain development animation at the Brain Museum] * [http://info.med.yale.edu/chldstdy/plomdevelop/development/Arch1.html Brain development column] - collection of editorials from the [http://www.jaacap.
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain development}} {{r|Brain evolution}}
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  • ...figuring out the unconscious functions of the brain....the many things the brain does that are not available to consciousness.}}
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  • {{r|Brain||**}} {{r|Brain development||***}}
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  • ...and described by [[CZ:Ref:Shattuck 2009 Online resource for validation of brain segmentation methods|Shattuck et al., 2009]]. *[http://www.nbirn.net/research/morphometry/index.shtm Brain morphometry homepage] at the [http://www.nbirn.net/ Biomedical Informatics
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  • {{r|Brain disorder}} {{r|Brain cancer}}
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  • ...wn as the organizer of the annual [[Human Brain Mapping (conference)|Human Brain Mapping conference]].
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  • ...the previous images) to differing degrees. From [[CZ:Ref:Bohland 2009 The Brain Atlas Concordance Problem Quantitative Comparison of Anatomical Parcellatio ...; from [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI scans]] of one or many or entire [[brain]]s or [[cerebral hemisphere]]s.
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  • | title=A three-dimensional MRI atlas of the zebra finch brain in stereotaxic coordinates. *{{CZ:Ref:Rohlfing 2008 The SRI24 Multi-Channel Brain Atlas: Construction and Applications}}
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  • * Brain hemisphere. One of the two halves of the brain that are separated by the mid-plane of an animal's body.
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  • ...see [http://philosophybites.com/2011/05/david-eagleman-on-morality-and-the-brain.html this].
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  • ...d emeritus professor at the University of California, Irvine, explains how brain imaging is shedding light on intelligence. From MIT's ''Technology Review''
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  • ...g the [[brain]] with [[x ray]]s; mainly used to evaluate the size of the [[brain ventricle]]s which are enlarged in some [[neuropsychiatric disease]]s, e.g.
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  • {{r|Brain||**}} {{r|Brain development||***}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain size}}
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  • ...mage683.gif|right|thumb|350px|{{Credit|Grays-image683.gif}}Dissection of [[brain stem]]. Lateral view.]] In [[neuroanatomy]], the '''brainstem''' is the "part of the [[brain]] that connects the cerebral hemispheres with the [[spinal cord]]. It consi
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain development}}
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain stem}}
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  • ...09%3A00%3A00 Veronica Rueckert discusses the effect of the Internet on the brain] with guests Maryanne Wolf and Nicholas Carr on [[Wisconsin Public Radio]] ...-is-your-brain-on-the-internetthe-nick-carr-thesis/ Britannica Forum: Your Brain Online]
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  • ...head injury, characterized by a global disruption of axons throughout the brain. Associated clinical features may include [[neurobehavioral manifestation]]
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  • ...ventricular organs: an atlas of comparative anatomy and vascularization. ''Brain Res Rev'' 56:119-47. PMID 17659349 *Joly JS ''et al.'' (2007) Windows of the brain: towards a developmental biology of circumventricular and other neurohemal
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  • ....J. Vallender, N. Mekel-Bobrov and B.T. Lahn |title=Genetic basis of human brain evolution | journal=Trends in Neurosciences |year=2008 |volume=31 | pages=6 ...enetic mechanisms currently deemed relevant for the evolution of the human brain, along with pointers to some related methodological issues.
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  • ...c arrest]], once considered the standard, is often reversible. Recognizing brain death is not simple, and often involves meeting both legal and medical crit |title = Evidence-based guideline update: Determining brain death in adults; Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the Americ
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Boyke 2008 Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly}} ...:Ref:Draganski 2008 Training-induced structural changes in the adult human brain}}
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  • ==List of structures on the primate brain's surface==
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  • ...on of convulsive disorders, it has been replaced, in many uses, by newer [[brain imaging]] methods. ...uman subjects and is the discoverer of the rhythmic [[Alpha waves]] in the brain.
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  • The brain mechanisms involved in reinforcing feeding behaviour.
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  • A technique that records brain electrical activity non-invasively.
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  • *The Origin of the Human Mind: Brain Imaging and Evolution: A lecture by [[Martin Sereno]] on structural and fun :Presents [[MRI]]-based [[brain morphometry]], [[surface inflation]], and [[fMRI]], covering [[visual corte
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  • ...cells called [[neuron]]s which are connected by the axons across different brain regions into functional circuits. Axons are coated in an electrical insulat
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  • The set of all [[fibre tracking|connections]] within a [[brain]].
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  • A brain disorder characterized by severely distorted sensory perception.
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  • *[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/77400/Brain-Trust Brain Trust (United States history) - Encyclopedia Britannica‎]
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  • ==Sites of neuroendocrine neurons in the brain==
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  • Umbrella term for various measures of how big a brain is.
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  • An "alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier.
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Vallender 2008 Genetic basis of human brain evolution}}
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  • ...stry''' is the field of biology that focuses on the chemical makeup of the brain with a particular emphasis on the metabolism of neuroactive compounds such ...the amino acid [[glutamate]]. The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is [[gamma aminobutyric acid]] (GABA).
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  • A synthetic [[brain natriuretic peptide]] used for the treatment of [[heart failure]]
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  • The development of techniques allowing to visualize brain structure and function.
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  • A sudden loss of [[brain]] function due to interrupted [[blood]] supply.
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  • A set of [[bone]]s encompassing the [[brain]] in [[vertebrate]]s.
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  • ...e-controlled loss of [[synapses|connections between nerve cells]] during [[brain development]].
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  • A putative reserve of acetyls for myelin synthesis in the brain.
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  • *[http://www.ucsd.tv/search-details.aspx?showID=11188 Brain development] &mdash; a talk by [[developmental cognitive neuroscientist]] [
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Björklund 2007 Dopamine neuron systems in the brain: an update}}
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  • ...s from various vertebrate species, highlighting the gradual differences in brain size and [[gyrification]].}} ...numbers of neurons in the brain than rodents of a similar, or even larger, brain size. Data from Herculano-Houzel et al. (2006, 2007). Illustration by Loren
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  • A paired structure in the brain of [[arthropod]]s, central to multimodal integration.
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  • [[Inflammation]] of the [[brain]] due to [[infection]], autoimmune processes, [[toxin]]s, and other conditi
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  • ...sed to monitor [[task-specific]] [[blood oxygenation]], primarily in the [[brain]].
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  • A non-neural cell type in the brain and spinal cord of vertebrates.
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  • ...ral retinal fibers continue on the same side. As a result each half of the brain receives information about the contralateral visual field from both eyes."<
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  • *Brain CK. (1981) The hunters or the hunted? Chicago: University of Chicago Press. *Brain CK. (1993) Swartkrans: a cave’s chronicle of early man. Pretoria: Transva
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  • *Brain CK. (1981) The hunters or the hunted? Chicago: University of Chicago Press. *Brain CK. (1993) Swartkrans: a cave’s chronicle of early man. Pretoria: Transva
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  • ...osomal recessive]] disease with abnormal deposition of [[copper]] in the [[brain]], [[liver]] and other organs.
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  • ...ef:Crespi 2008 Psychosis and autism as diametrical disorders of the social brain}}
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  • ...f:Kremen 2009 Genetic and environmental influences on the size of specific brain regions in midlife - The VETSA MRI study}} *{{CZ:Ref:Dechmann 2009 Comparative studies of brain evolution: a critical insight from the Chiroptera}}
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  • ...D ''et al.'' [http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/8/11/ Leptin: Your brain, appetite and obesity ]''Neuroendocrine Briefings''; British Society for Ne
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  • <noinclude>{{Subpages}}</noinclude>Bleeding within the brain or the [[meninges]] surrounding it
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  • The six-layered outer layer of the [[mammal|mammalian]] [[brain]].
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  • The well-being of the [[brain]] and [[mind]].
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  • ...[[Stephen C. Cunnane]] that outlines why fat babies are important to human brain evolution.
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  • Endocrine gland, in humans near the centre of the brain, secretes melatonin.
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  • The [[map projection|projection]] of [[brain]] properties onto a standard [[coordinate system]].
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  • The ''small brain'' &mdash; a part of the [[hindbrain]] in [[vertebrate]]s.
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  • Glandular structure of the brain apparently specialised for secretion into the cerebrospinal fluid.
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  • ...ked by severe memory loss, resulting from chronic alcoholism, head injury, brain illness, or thiamin deficiency.
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  • ...uces analgesia by mimicking endogenous opioids, at opioid receptors in the brain.
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  • G-protein coupled receptors located in the brain and various organs that bind opiates or opioid substances as ligands.
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  • A commonly used [[brain atlas]] and the first one based on a [[stereotaxic]] coordinate system.
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  • ...ren at any of five time successive periods during the challenges. Multiple brain regions responded to hyperoxia, but the addition of 5% O<sub>2</sub> by CO< {{Image|CO2-O2-fMRI-hypercapnic-hyperoxia-over-time.png|right|650px|The brain response to hypercapnic hyperoxia over time, showing attenuation of the res
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  • ...umatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., [[brain]]; [[cranial nerves]]; [[meninges]]; and other structures). Injuries may be * [[Brain injury]]
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  • ...nd the brain mass extrapolated from an [[allometric]] relationship between brain mass and body mass across species, given the body mass of the target specie
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  • ...g [[soundwave]]s in the [[ear]] and transmitting this information to the [[brain]].
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  • Region of association cortex of the human brain involved in cognitive processes such as decision-making.
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  • Canadian physiologist and biophysist published widely on mammalian brain development, and the processes of ageing.
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  • A subset of [[brain]] [[tissue]] whose volume is dominated by [[myelination|myelinated]] axons
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  • ...cellular roles of the lissencephaly gene LIS1, and what they tell us about brain development}}
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  • ...long on average in [[human]] [[adult]]s, and extends from the base of the brain down to the waist area. Spinal nerves branch off down the cord, connecting
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  • Study of the interactions between [[behavior]], the [[brain]], and the [[immune system]].
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  • ...An] interdisciplinary research effort to answer the question: How does the brain compute the mind? / More specific research questions include: ...t thought and language? How do the specific neural structures of the human brain shape the nature of thought and language?
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  • The parts of the [[brain]] surrounded by the [[cerebral cortex]].
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  • ...signalling|interaction]] between the [[gastrointestinal tract]] and the [[brain]].
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  • ...structure and function of [[nervous system]]s, especially the [[vertebrate brain]].
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  • The innermost of the [[meninx|meninges]]; surrounds the entire [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]], descends into [[sulci]].
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  • ...nvolves inducing a seizure in a patient by passing electricity through the brain.
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  • ...scientific conference]] organized annually by the [[Organization for Human Brain Mapping]], with a focus on [[neuroimaging]] in humans.
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  • ...ly in other body processes rather than as signaling mechanisms in blood or brain
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  • ...tical surface|surfaces]] that represent structural boundaries within the [[brain]]. As such, it differs from [[voxel-based morphometry|voxel-]] and [[deform ...]], [[intensity normalization]], [[smoothing]], [[brain extraction]] and [[brain segmentation]].}}
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  • ...taxic]] [[coordinate system]] based on the [[Talairach atlas|Talairach]] [[brain atlas]].
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  • The study of systemic properties of the brain and their relation to behaviour.
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  • A pair of spaces within the [[ventricular system]] of the [[brain]], filled with [[cerebrospinal fluid]].
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  • ...puter graphics]] techniques used to analyze the surface structure of the [[brain]].
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  • An [[umbrella term]] for [[brain disorder]]s affecting [[music perception]] and [[music production|productio
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  • ...[novel]] by Kathe Koja, involving the cross-country nightmarish visions by brain damaged artist Austen Bandy.
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  • ...tion due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of [[brain]] cells.<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinclude>
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  • ...from the place of their last cell division to their final position in the brain.
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  • ...ysiologists measure and analyse the electrical behaviour of neurons in the brain.
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  • The ability of the brain to adapt to new situations, e.g. by [[learning]] or [[neurogenesis]].
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  • * [http://www.benbest.com/science/anatmind/anatmd10.html Brain Neurotransmitters]
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  • Specialised region at the base of the brain containing the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal vessels and neuroendocrine ne
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  • Part of the brain where the optic nerves (CN II) partially cross, near the thalamus and immed
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  • A structure in the vertebrate brain which is responsible for processing information from odour receptors in the
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  • ...lled leukodystrophies that causes progressive damage to nerve cells in the brain.
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  • ...e]] or [[aggression]] ([[CZ:Ref:Morand-Ferron 2007 Food stealing in birds: brain or brawn?|Morand-Ferron et al., 2007]]).
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  • *[[Betty Edwards]], ''The New Drawing on the Right Side of the Brain'', revised & expanded edition. New York: Tarcher; August 30, 1999. ISBN 0-8 *Hines, Terence (1987). Left Brain/Right Brain Mythology and Implications for Management and Training. The Academy of Mana
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  • ...ior temporal sulcus.png|right|350px|The [[central surface]] of the [[human brain]], with the superior temporal sulcus highlighted.}} ...[[sulcus (neuroanatomy)|sulci]] in the [[temporal lobe]] of the [[primate brain]]. It separates the [[superior temporal gyrus|superior temporal]] from the
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  • {{Image|Brain-MRI-location-guide.png|right|350px|[[MRI]] scan of a [[human brain]], with several key anatomical structures labeled. Abbreviations: CC, [[cer ...ists have learned comes from observing how damage or "lesions" to specific brain areas affects [[behavior]] or other neural functions.
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  • The build-up of the brain from [[ectoderm]]al cells to a complex structure of [[neuron]]s, [[glia]] a
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Braissant 2010 Ammonia toxicity to the brain: Effects on creatine metabolism and transport and protective roles of creat
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  • External tissue layer within the [[vertebrate]] [[brain]], ensheathed by the [[pia mater]]; home to the [[neuron|nerve cell]] bodie
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  • ...formation-processing organs of the [[nervous system]], consisting of the [[brain]], [[spinal cord]], and [[meninges]].<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinclude>
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  • ...sencephalon constituting a major visual center and association area of the brain of premature vertebrates.
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  • A psychostimulant and sympathomimetic drug, which enters the brain and triggers a cascading release of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine.
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  • ...disorder]] in which the [[gyri]] on the [[cortical surface|surface of the brain]] are smaller but more numerous than normal.
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  • ...squito (''Culex pipiens'') and characterized by severe inflammation of the brain.
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  • ...ram stain|Gram-positive]] organisms, and good transport across the [[blood-brain barrier]]
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  • ...ortex]] with [[histological]], [[morphology (biology)|morphological]] or [[brain function|functional]] characteristics distinguishing it from other parts of
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  • ...[nervous system]] and its components; occasionally used as a synonym for [[brain morphometry]].
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  • ...[[Quebec]], [[Canada]]. He is an authority in the field of [[mammal]]ian [[brain]] development. He is also an expert on f[[atty acid]] [[metabolism]] and th *Cunnane SC. ''[[Survival of the Fattest]]: The Key To Human Brain Evolution.'' World Scientific, Singapore, 2005.
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  • ....com/2006/08/07/499/ What will the neanderthal genome teach us about human brain evolution?]
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  • Acute disease of the brain caused by a deficiency of thiamine, usually associated with chronic alcohol
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  • ...[[gyrification|convoluted]]; the term is also used to describe non-human [[brain]]s that lack cortical folding.
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  • ...[[sulcus (neuroanatomy)|sulci]] in the [[temporal lobe]] of the [[primate brain]].
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Frackowiak 2004 Human Brain Function}} *{{CZ:Ref:Buckner 2008 The brain's default network: anatomy, function, and relevance to disease}}
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  • ...an [[brain]]s, either in local terms or as a global average for the entire brain. Given that cortical thickness roughly correlates with the number of [[neur ...Deviations from these patterns can be used as diagnostic indicators for [[brain disorder]]s: While [[Alzheimer's disease]], even very early on, is characte
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  • ...am from the posterior pituitary gland, and which is also released into the brain where it has effects on social behaviors.
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  • A subset of [[brain]] [[tissue]] that contains few [[myelination|myelinated]] axons but the [[s
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  • ...ve [[neoplasia|neoplasm]] of the [[central nervous system]], primarily the brain; not curable but length of survival has improved somewhat in recent years
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  • *Brain CK. (1981) The hunters or the hunted? Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
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  • A monoamine neurotransmitter formed in the brain by the decarboxylation of dopa and essential to the normal functioning of t
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  • ...ng benzodiazepine, [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] (GABA), and sometimes other brain receptors; wide range of applications including [[anti-anxiety agents|anxie
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  • ...jury to multiple bodily systems, or to critical systems/organs such as the brain or lungs, with a significant chance of irreversible traumatic shock
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  • Branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the brain and eyes and internal parts of the head.
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  • Antidepressant that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain, used in the treatment of major depression.
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  • ...ic dopamine system, and which is a key part of the reward circuitry of the brain.
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  • A part of the mammalian brain located below the thalamus, forming the major portion of the ventral region
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  • ...three-year-old girl that was treated with [[hemispherectomy]]. Thanks to [[brain plasticity]], this allowed her to lead a normal life since
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  • ...dy of the scaling of [[morphology (biology)|morphological]] traits (e.g. [[brain size]]) across [[species (biology)|biological species]].
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  • One of the measures of [[brain size]]; sum of the [[volume]]s of [[grey matter]], [[white matter]] and oft
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  • One of the measures of [[brain size]]; sum of the [[mass]]es of [[grey matter]], [[white matter]] and ofte
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  • Portion of the brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons Varolii, and midbrain, that conn
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  • ...discipline which deals with the nature of, and knowledge of, the mind, the brain and mental functions and phenomena.
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  • An inflammatory process involving the brain ([[encephalitis]])and meninges ([[meningitis]]), most often produced by pat
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  • ..., but was described as a man with "a very large mustache and a very small brain"
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  • ...ntegration: methodological approaches and emerging principles in the human brain}}
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  • An empirical measure relating [[brain size]] and [[body mass]] across [[species (biology)|species]], often taken
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  • The set of structures and activity states in the [[brain]], [[body]], and [[environment]] of a human that enable the physiological a
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Chanraud 2007 Brain Morphometry and Cognitive Performance in Detoxified Alcohol-Dependents with
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  • ...that controlled production of certain products (such as oil or steel). A brain trust thus refers to a group of advisers who control the intellectual and c ...at Depression]]. As the term became popularized it was shortened to just "brain trust."
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  • ...res in depth the reasons why natural selection would choose to develop the brain's linguistic systems. Pinker asserts that the capacity for language is in-b
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  • A subfield of biology that focuses on the chemical makeup of the brain with a particular emphasis on the metabolism of neuroactive compounds like
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  • {{r|Brain morphometry}} {{r|Brain size}}
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  • ...ssibility of interaction with the world, and no way to restore the missing brain functions, although others believe that an anencephalic infant is fully hum
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Roth 2005 Evolution of the brain and intelligence}}
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  • ...physical plant that supports this activity, consisting primarily of the [[brain]], but also involving various sensors throughout the body.
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  • *A cartoon about the anatomy of the brain:
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  • ...tzfeld-Jacob disease, kuru and possibly other degenerative diseases of the brain in humans, scrapie in sheep, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE).
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  • *The [[Enteric nervous system|brain in your gut]] &mdash; a [[TED Talk]] by [[Heribert Watzke]] on the importan
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  • {{r|Brain}} {{r|Brain plasticity and music}}
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  • The [[philosophy|philosophical]] view that cognition depends on brain and body, that it is an activity that extends beyond the individual creatur
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  • The '''median eminence''' is a specialised region at the base of the brain containing the hypothalamo-hypophysial portal vessels and neuroendocrine ne ...dian eminence.jpg|right|500px|Schematic view of the ventral surface of the brain below the hypothalamus. The median eminence is between the pituitary gland
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  • ...braincase or brainpan) of those vertebrates who have both a cranium and a brain.
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  • ...''' is the narrowing of the [[skull]] behind the [[eye]]s and before the [[brain]] vault, as viewed from above. This generally occurs in a species with larg
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  • {{rpl|Brain atlas||**}}
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  • Temporary blockage of the blood supply to the brain caused by a blood clot and usually lasting ten minutes or less, during whic
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  • *[http://www.ixi.org.uk/ IXI database at King's College London] - with brain MRI data obtained from 550 normal subjects between the age of 20 and 80 yea ...t Cooperative Group 2006 The NIH MRI study of normal brain development|The Brain Development Cooperative Group and Alan Evans, 2006]]
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  • ...hisms in genes involved in neurodevelopment may be associated with altered brain morphology in schizophrenia: Preliminary evidence}}
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  • ...[Neuroscience|neuroscience]], carrying out meticulous dissections of the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]]. His contributions to neuroscience have been largely ...es in childhood, and used this correlation in his later thinking about the brain. As a physician, he took every opportunity to palpate the [[skull]]s of ind
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  • ...ical signals (''[[neurotransmitters]]'') released by other neurons. In the brain a neuron might be receiving inputs from as many as ten thousand other neuro ...re thus a major element involved in the transmission of information in the brain and peripheral nervous system.
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  • * [http://brainmaps.org High-Resolution Cytoarchitectural Primate Brain Atlases]
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  • ...hisms in genes involved in neurodevelopment may be associated with altered brain morphology in schizophrenia: Preliminary evidence}} ...ef:Crespi 2008 Psychosis and autism as diametrical disorders of the social brain}}
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  • * [http://brainmaps.org/index.php?q=cerebral%20cortex Brain maps]
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  • ...and neurons that reside or extend outside the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) to serve the limbs and organs.
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  • A degenerative disease of the [[brain]] characterized by the insidious onset of [[dementia]]; manifests itself in
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Donaldson 2004 Parsing brain activity with fMRI and mixed designs: what kind of a state is neuroimaging
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  • A model of the [[brain]], depicting it as if it were as [[transparency (optics)|transparent]] as [
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  • ...roscience|neuroscientific]] principles behind the action of [[drug]]s on [[brain]] and [[cognition]]; a subset of [[neuropharmacology]], the action of drugs
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  • Portion of the brain located superior to the pons and medulla and containing the motor nuclei of
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  • ...or the [[bacterial meningitis|meningitides]] because it passes the [[blood-brain barrier]] and for anaerobic infections.<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinclude>
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  • ...ic injuries]][[ involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., [[brain]]; [[cranial nerves]]; [[meninges]]; and other structures). Injuries may be
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  • ...[[physiology]], credited by scholars as the first person to recognize the brain as the seat of intelligence and mind, whose ideas about the causes of disea
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  • ...tive state refers to the neurocognitive status of individuals with severe brain damage, in whom physiologic functions (sleep-wake cycles, autonomic contro ...an MR, Boly M, Pickard JD, Tshibanda L et al.| title=Willful modulation of brain activity in disorders of consciousness. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2010
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  • | title = Structure of the mushroom bodies of the insect brain *{{CZ:Ref:Haddad 2004 NMR imaging of the honeybee brain}}
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  • ...nvironment, after which this is no longer possible due to changes in the [[brain]]. The hypothesis has been discussed in the context of both [[first languag ...he left hemisphere of the brain. The work focussed on how individuals with brain damage evidenced atypical linguistic performance, rather than examining neu
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  • Heroin crosses the blood-brain barrier faster than does morphine base, which makes it addictive because th ...journal |author=Oldendorf WH, Hyman S, Braun L, Oldendorf SZ |title=Blood-brain barrier: penetration of morphine, codeine, heroin, and methadone after caro
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  • | title = On being small: brain allometry in ants | journal = Brain Behav Evol
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  • ...fluid to raise the blood pressure enough to ensure oxygen perfusion of the brain, but not raising the blood pressure to normal, a level found to dislodge cl
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  • ...eostasis|balance]] of fluids to [[life|live]]; without enough water, the [[brain]] gets [[signal]]s to drink water or beverages, and these signals are inter
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Depaepe 2005 Ephrin signalling controls brain size by regulating apoptosis of neural progenitors‎}}
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  • ...]] and [[physiology]], the part of the [[nervous system]] containing the [[brain]], [[human spine#spinal cord|spinal cord or equivalent]], [[meninges]], [[s
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  • ...that proved fundamental to our understanding of the vascular system in the brain and cord. He hypothesized that capillaries were the connection between arte
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  • ...ing normal in mammals. Changes in cortical thickness correlate with both [[brain maturation]] and [[aging]] and are especially pronounced in [[dementia]]. ...]] [[progenitor cell]]s, [[neuronal migration]] and the establishment of [[brain connectivity]] via [[synaptic pruning]] and [[myelination]]. These processe
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  • ...rton D]] (1984) 'The [[language bioprogram hypothesis]]'. ''Behavioral and Brain Sciences'' 7: 173-222.
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  • ...bodies which can be found in the central nervous system and especially the brain and neocortex. The axons within the grey matter are usually not myelinated.
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  • {{Image|Brain-disease-gyrification.png|right|400px|Gyrification from a clinical perspecti ...cortex. Further diagnostic criteria include [[white matter]] reduction, [[brain ventricle|ventricular]] enlargement, and [[hypoplasia]] of the [[brainstem]
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  • *[http://bluebrain.epfl.ch/ Blue Brain project] - An attempt to model the cortical column with supercomputers.
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  • ...r [[neuroanatomy|anatomically]], [[neurochemistry|neurochemically]], and [[brain function|functionally]]. The ventromedial nucleus (VMN) is most commonly as
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  • ...ylaspartate''' (NAA) is the second most concentrated compound in the human brain after [[glutamate]]. NAA is synthesized primarily by neurons in the nervous # NAA supplies acetyl groups for the synthesis of fatty acids in the brain, which are required for the synthesis of myelin.
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  • {{Image|Fmri audio.jpg|right|350px|This computer-generated image of a human brain shows activation of the primary auditory cortex in response to various soun ...unctional images composed of [[voxels]], containing neural activity of the brain based on this concept using magnetic properties of the blood. The signal be
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  • ...h of the [[common carotid artery]] which supplies the anterior part of the brain, the eye and its appendages, the forehead and nose."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
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  • Thus spikes are a very important way by which neurons in the brain carry information. The spike itself is an all-or-none phenomenon, so inform ...the neuron, especially the properties of its membrane. The neurons in the brain are very diverse; there are very many different subpopulations of neurons t
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  • ...tganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pha
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  • ...CNS tumor is highly invasive within the CNS but rarely crosses the [[blood-brain barrier]] for classic [[metastasis]] into other organ systems.
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  • ...etic peptide (NT-proBNP) is an inactive peptide that is co-secreted with [[brain natriuretic peptide]].<ref name="pmid19815122">{{cite journal| author=Stein [[Brain natriuretic peptide]] and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide are use
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  • ...by method (e.g. [[computational morphometry]]) or subject of study (e.g. [[brain morphometry]]).
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  • ...of [[philosophy]] which deals with philosophical issues about the mind and brain: the metaphysical nature of minds, how we have knowledge of minds and menta
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  • ...ef:Crespi 2008 Psychosis and autism as diametrical disorders of the social brain}}
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  • ...vo identification of muscarinic cholinergic receptor binding in rat brain. Brain Res. 80(1):170-6, 1974. PMID 4421615 ...ew method for receptor autoradiography: [3H]opioid receptors in rat brain. Brain Res. 179(2):255-70, 1979. PMID 228806
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  • {{r|Brain development}}
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  • ...an extreme variant of something that propelled the evolution of the human brain, with is caracterized ''inter alia'' by an enhanced [[microconnectivity]]. ...al of the fattest: fat babies were the key to evolution of the large human brain |journal=Comp. Biochem. Physiol., Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol. |volume=136
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  • ...hemispherical ''calyx'', a protuberance that is joining to the rest of the brain by a central nerve tract or ''peduncle''. They were first identified in 185 ...he [[cerebral cortex]] of mammals. Because they are small compared to the brain structures of [[vertebrate]]s, and yet many arthropods are capable of quite
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  • {{r|Brain concussion}} {{r|Brain injury}}
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  • ...hair of [[Congressional Taskforce on Tobacco and Health]], [[Congressional Brain Injury Task Force]], [[National Service Caucus]], [[Congressional Arts Cauc
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  • ...0(06)00736-1 |issn=}}</ref> has investigated the normal development of the brain.
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  • ...ables, and the results plotted on a representation of the brain, often a [[brain atlas]].}} ...vous system]], though with a strong focus on [[in vivo]] methods and the [[brain]].
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  • {{r|blood-brain barrier}}
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  • ...ake up the connecting tissue of the nervous tissue. It is the way that all brain cells communicate with cells in different parts of the nervous system. They
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  • ..."new coat or layer") is the six-layered outer layer of the [[mammal]]ian [[brain]]. It consists of vertically organised [[cortical column]]s as discovered a ...areas of the neocortex and connects it to the various older parts of the [[brain]]. The first type of [[tissue]] is called the [[grey matter]] and the 'box
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  • ...is cardiac arrest, and a presumption of an irreversible state leading to brain death. <ref>{{citation
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  • ...Core of Human Cerebral Cortex Fig. 1.png|right|350px|Workflow to visualize brain connectivity from [[DTI|diffusion-weighted]] [[MRI|Magnetic resonance imagi
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  • ...on of a [[biocytin]]-filled chandelier cell from a mouse [[neocortical]] [[brain slice]]. [[Soma]] and [[dendrite]]s labeled in blue, [[axon arbor]] in red.
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  • ...s associated with memory formation (e.g., the [[hippocampus]]; [[fornix]] (brain); [[mammillary body|mammillary bodies]]; and anterior [[thalamic nucleus|th
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  • ...[[mind]]. Since little is known about the actual workings of the physical brain, [[science|scientists]] make assessments of mental health by looking at ext
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  • | journal = Brain Research Bulletin ...of nerve fibers and their distribution in histologic sections of the human brain}}
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  • ...the margin of the [[ventricular system]], which have an incomplete [[blood-brain barrier]]. <ref>Ganong WF (2000) Circumventricular organs: definition and r ...in]]. <ref>Fry M, Ferguson AV (2007) The sensory circumventricular organs: brain targets for circulating signals controlling ingestive behavior. ''Physiol B
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Eriksen 2007 Total Neocortical Cell Number in the Mysticete Brain}}
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Raz 2006 Differential aging of the brain: patterns, cognitive correlates and modifiers}}
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  • ...s. The two types of receptors are CB1 receptors expressed primarily in the brain, and CB2 receptors involved with the immune system. ...evane WA, Hanus L, Breuer A, ''et al'' |title=Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor |journal=Science |volume
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  • ...eeks gestational age she weighed 710 g. The images show slices through the brain at the mid-ventricular level and at the level of the centrum semiovale from ...ic [[ectoderm|ectodermal cell]]s and transforming into the complex adult [[brain]].
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  • ===Brain areas===
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  • ...fatty acid]]. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is f
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  • ...properties, development in individuals, use in thinking and communicating, brain implementation, genetic underpinnings, and evolutionary origins.
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  • ...properties, development in individuals, use in thinking and communicating, brain implementation, genetic underpinnings, and evolutionary origins.<ref name=b
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  • ...enfield|Penfield, W.]] & [[Lamar Roberts|L. Roberts]] (1959). ''Speech and Brain Mechanisms.'' Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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  • ...lly complex sentences is known to recruit Broca’s area. Comparisons across brain imaging studies investigating similar hierarchical structures in different <font face="Gill Sans MT"><u>Brain-Language Research: Where is the Progress?</u> Friedemann Pulvermüller
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  • The nervous system may be conveniently represented as a hierarchy of brain areas, fiber tracts, and nuclei. ...S) and the [[peripheral nervous system]] (PNS). The CNS consists of the [[brain]] and [[spinal cord]]. The PNS consists of all other nerves and neurons th
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  • ...returns: brains become energy-hungry and slow. Better “wiring” across the brain also would consume energy and take up a disproportionate amount of space. M ...Theory (P-FIT) of intelligence: converging neuroimaging evidence.] ''Behav.Brain Sci.'' 30(2):135-154. PMID 17655784. From: Departments of Neurology and Psy
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  • ...on of energy stored as fat, as well as blocking nociceptive signals to the brain.
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  • ...ed in Montreal, Canada, on April 5, 1976. He was best known for developing brain mapping and epilepsy research. He was a published author of historical fict ...an anesthetized patient. During the surgery Penfield probed the patient's brain using electrical probes to discover the trigger point for the seizure. He t
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  • ...he floor of the fourth cerebral ventricle. The area postrema lacks a blood-brain barrier, and neurons there respond to many blood borne factors. ...[[vagus nerve]], and relays densory information to many other parts of the brain, but especially to the limbic system, and in particular the [[hypothalamus]
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  • ...d is "the middle of the three primitive cerebral vesicles of the embryonic brain. Without further subdivision, midbrain develops into a short, constricted p
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  • ...cisions. It was originally developed for neurosurgery on structures in the brain and its use gradually spread to radiation surgery on extracranial structure
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  • ...populations of [[peptide]]-containing cells that project to many different brain regions. ...es of the PVN project axons to the [[median eminence]], at the base of the brain. At the median eminence, the neurosecretory nerve terminals release peptide
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  • Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Brain natriuretic peptide]]. Needs checking by a human.
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  • Music production is a process that requires a wide selection of brain areas being active, especially auditory-motor interactions<ref name=Zatorre | title = When the brain plays music: auditory--motor interactions in music perception and productio
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  • *[http://brainmaps.org/index.php?q=cell High-resolution images of brain cells]
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Dechmann 2009 Comparative studies of brain evolution: a critical insight from the Chiroptera}} *{{CZ:Ref:Pradel 2009 Skull and brain of a 300-million-year-old chimaeroid fish revealed by synchrotron holotomog
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  • ...:Ref:Draganski 2008 Training-induced structural changes in the adult human brain}} *{{CZ:Ref:Boyke 2008 Training-Induced Brain Structure Changes in the Elderly}}
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  • ...urysms located at branch points in [[Circle of Willis]] at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in [[subarachnoid hemorrhage]] or [[intracranial he ...=Vernooij MW, Ikram MA, Tanghe HL, ''et al'' |title=Incidental findings on brain MRI in the general population |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=357 |issue=
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  • ...er]]s and many [[computer server]]s have AMD or Intel processors as their "brain", along with various supporting integrating circuits.
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  • * Moro A. (2008) ''The boundaries of Babel: the brain and the enigma of impossible languages''. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. * Banich MT, Mack MA. (2003) ''Mind, brain, and language: multidisciplinary perspectives''. Mahwah, N.J: L. Erlbaum As
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  • CCK acts as a ‘gatekeeper’ for the response of other gut-brain signalling hormones on the afferent vagal neurons. At low levels (after fas ...at aberrations in expression of cholesystokinin or its receptor within the brain might be involved in certain types of [[anxiety]] and [[schizophrenia]].
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  • ...the extracellular fluid, they also often have hormone-like actions in the brain; as some of these neuropeptides are also classical peptide hormones (like o ...D ''et al.'' [http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/8/11/ Leptin: Your brain, appetite and obesity ]''Neuroendocrine Briefings''; British Society for Ne
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  • ...ion of [[brain]] function on either the [[right]] or [[left]] sides of the brain. ...euraldevelopment.com/content/3/1/9 |title=Neural Development | Full text | Brain asymmetry is encoded at the level of axon terminal morphology |format= |wor
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  • | [[Brain evolution]] | [[Brain development]]
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  • ...enrose-hameroff/orchOR.html Orchestrated reduction of quantum coherence in brain microtubules: A model for consciousness.] ''Mathematics and Computers in Si ...usness.org/penrose-hameroff/quantumcomputation.html Quantum computation in brain microtubules? The Penrose-Hameroff "Orch OR" model of consciousness] ''Phil
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  • ...In 2001 [[Lee R. Berger|Lee Berger]] discovered a new deposit near where Brain had worked and called it Cooper's D. With [[Duke University]] students, loc
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  • ...reflected by tissue microstructure. Diffusion MRI has been used to study [[brain ischemia]] and tumor response to treatment."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref>
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  • ...aughlin SB |title=An energy budget for signaling in the grey matter of the brain |journal=J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. |volume=21 |issue=10 |pages=1133–45
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  • See also [[brain trust/external links]]
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  • ...opressin and Oxytocin - From Genes to Behaviour to Disease'', (Progress in Brain research volume 170) Edited By Rainer Landgraf and Inga Neumann. 656 pages ...opressin and Oxytocin: From Genes to Clinical Applications'', (Progress in Brain Research Volume 139 Edited by D. Poulain, S. Oliet and D. Theodosis. Publis
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  • ...of [[research]] that studies the interactions between [[behavior]], the [[brain]], and the [[immune system]] systems of the body. The term was originally
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  • *[http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/106/11/ Are neuropeptides brain hormones?] Mike Ludwig, ''British Society for Neuroendocrinology'' Topical ...0101123120336/http://www.neuroendo.org.uk/content/view/23/11/ The Maternal Brain] John Russell, ''British Society for Neuroendocrinology'' Topical Briefing
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  • *[[Brain Evolution]]
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  • ...human being, due to the huge quantity of information stored in his or her brain, can be thought of as an information system.
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  • ...the late 1980's and early 1990's by [[Charles Kimberlin Brain| C.K. "Bob" Brain]] and Francis Thackeray of the then [[Transvaal Museum]] (now known as the Many thousands of fossils were found by both teams. In the Outer Deposits, Brain and Thakeray discovered a very fine fossil [[baboon]] that had survived a [
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  • ...nglish translation of Volumes 6 & 7 (The heart and associated organs & The brain), the final portion of the complete translation. Other volumes can be found
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Lefèvre 2010 A reaction-diffusion model of human brain development}}
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  • '''Viral encephalitis''' is form of [[encephalitis]] when is "inflammation of brain parenchymal tissue as a result of viral infection. Encephalitis may occur a Arbovirus encephalitis include "infections of the brain caused by arthropod-borne viruses (i.e., arboviruses) primarily from the fa
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  • ...c=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false |title=Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain |author=David Eagleman |publisher=Random House Digital, Inc |edition=Reprin ...spiring in your brain. Although we are dependent on the functioning of the brain for our inner lives, it runs its own show. Most of its operations are above
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  • {{Image|Brain-disease-gyrification.png|right|400px|Gyrification from a clinical perspecti ...elopmental disorder]] due to disturbed [[neuronal migration]] during the [[brain development|development]] of the [[cerebral cortex]], and in the more gener
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  • ...G activity following the induction of hypnosis, and changes in the way the brain resolves conflict have been reported (Egner et al, 2005).
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  • ...ritide''' (U.S. trade name '''Natrecor'''), a [[Brain natriuretic peptide|brain (B-type) natriuretic peptide]], may help patients with decompensated conges
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  • ...re are also those who believe that the beats can be used to "entrain" the brain to a desired state.
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  • ...' is the [[philosophy|philosophical]] view that [[cognition]] depends on [[brain]] ''and'' body, that it is an activity that extends beyond the individual c
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Liu 2008 Transcription MRI: a new view of the living brain}} *{{CZ:Ref:Kegeles 1998 In vivo neurochemistry of the brain in schizophrenia as revealed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy}}
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  • ...emical composition of the extracellular milieu, participate in the [[blood-brain barrier]] and [[blood-retinal barrier]], form the [[myelin]] insulation of
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  • ...er who was injured in the [[Hillsborough disaster]]. Bland suffered severe brain damage and was in a persistent vegetative state with no hope of recovery. T
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  • ...a screening tool to determine if there is nerve damage occurring from the brain through to the spinal cord along the corticospinal tract. It is simple, qu ...cific pain reflexes, primarily in the spinal cord that are affected by the brain. "The area of skin from which the reflex can be obtained is known as the re
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  • *Brain Research Bulletin, Volume 67, Issue 5, November 2005 *Glimcher, P. W. (2003). Decisions, uncertainty, and the brain : The science of neuroeconomics. Cambridge, Mass. ; London: MIT Press.
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  • ...knockout mice have a subtle olfactory deficit but normal aggression. Genes Brain Behav. 2006 Nov 3; [Epub ahead of print] PMID 17083331</ref> ...AVPR1B]] || [[phosphatidylinositol]]/[[calcium]] || [[pituitary gland]], [[brain]] || [[adrenocorticotropic hormone]] secretion in response to stress<ref>Lo
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  • ...Spurzheim came to Edinburgh to take part in public debates and to perform brain dissections. [[George Combe]], a lawyer, who had previously been sceptical ...d showing the key skull areas that were believed to reflect the underlying brain functions.}}
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  • ...ian eminence.jpg|right|450px| Schematic view of the ventral surface of the brain, at the level of the hypothalamus. The median eminence is at the bottom, an ...e nucleus is located in the mediobasal [[hypothalamus]] at the base of the brain, it lies on either side of the [[third ventricle]] and just above the [[med
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  • ...ain That Changes Itself: Stories of Personal Triumph from the Frontiers of Brain Science |location=New York |publisher=[[Viking Press|Viking]] |year=2007 |i ...yanne | title = Proust and the Squid: The Story and Science of the Reading Brain | year = 2007 | isbn = 9780060186395 | publisher = [[HarperCollins]] | loca
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  • ...ization of a family of human and mouse somatostatin receptors expressed in brain, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. ...ond messenger coupling of four somatostatin receptor subtypes expressed in brain. |journal=FEBS Lett |volume=331 |pages= 53-9 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8405411 |do
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  • ...ermining [[gamma-aminobutyric acid]] levels in normal nervous tissues. The brain enzyme also acts on L-cysteate, L-cysteine sulfinate, and L-aspartate.<ref>
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  • ...volve. Cunnane details the specific nutrients that are important for human brain growth and function and explains the ways in which they work. Cunnane also ===The Human Brain===
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  • ...vely studied; there are important differences between these species in the brain distribution of the receptors for [[oxytocin]] and [[vasopressin]] that app ...air bond, as sexual activity results in the release of oxytocin within the brain.
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  • ..., Li S.P., Anthony L.T.N, Bialik R. (1994) Dissociation between plasma and brain amino acid profiles and short-term food intake in the rat. Am J Physiol 266 '''(4)''' Harper A.E., Peters J.C. (1989) Protein intake, brain amino acid and serotonin concentrations and protein self-selection. J Nutr
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  • ...) Effects of ghrelin on hypothalamic glucose responding neurons in rats. ''Brain Res'' 1055: 131-6</ref> and [[orexin]]-A, and by the appetite-inhibiting ho ...use OE (1973) The organization of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. ''Brain Res'' 55:1-87</ref>. This nucleus is also electrophysiological heterogeneou
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  • ...man malignancies, including cancers of kidney, liver, stomach, breast, and brain.
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  • | title = Music, Language, and the Brain | title = Language, music, syntax and the brain
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  • *{{CZ:Ref:Lein 2007 Genome-wide atlas of gene expression in the adult mouse brain}}
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  • ...rton D]] (1984) 'The [[language bioprogram hypothesis]]'. ''Behavioral and Brain Sciences'' 7: 173-222.
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  • '''Encephalitis''' is "inflammation of the [[brain]] due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Vir
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  • ...rton D]] (1984) 'The [[language bioprogram hypothesis]]'. ''Behavioral and Brain Sciences'' 7: 173-222.
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  • | title = Brain Size and Folding of the Human Cerebral Cortex. | title = Brain of a white-collar worker
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  • ...hards AM| title=Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations. | journal=Lancet | year= 2000 ...ode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10791374 }} </ref> not be similar to targeting [[brain natriuretic peptide]] (BNP) level.
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  • ...somal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the [[brain]]; [[liver]]; [[cornea]]; and other organs. It is caused by defects in the
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  • ...trogen by transamination. Glutamate is a major [[neurotransmitter]] in the brain.
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  • ...rspective provides access only to the own mental states but not to the own brain and its neuronal states." ...name=Northoff/>&emsp;&emsp;—Georg Northoff ''Philosophy of the Brain: The Brain Problem'', p. 5 </font>
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