English spellings/Catalogs/A: Difference between revisions
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{{:English_spellings/Catalogs/Masterlist}} | {{:English_spellings/Catalogs/Masterlist}} | ||
'''Â''' ''letter'' = '''èh?''' ''what?'' (names of letters are usually written as capitals in text: '''the létter Â''', '''ín B flát mâjor''', etc.) | '''Â''' ''letter'' = '''èh?''' ''what?'' (names of letters are usually written as capitals in text: '''the létter Â''', '''ín B-flát mâjor''', etc.) | ||
'''a''' ''article'' *ə: [[schwa]]. It can be a strong form '''â''', like the name of the letter '''Â''', but | '''a''' ''article'' *ə: [[schwa]] = '''uh'''. It can be a strong form '''â''', like the name of the letter '''Â''', but this is almost always unnecessary and pompous-sounding, and is typical of politicians and the like; it can however be used for emphasis, meaning 'one', as for example of a tennis player trailing 4-6 2-0: '''At lêast hê lêads ín ''â'' sét.''' (The British weak form of '''àre''' is also *ə.) | ||
'''Â-sîde | '''Â-sîde | ||
'''àaah''' ''sentiment'' ≈ '''àaargh''' ''disgust'' (more '''a''''s may be added) ≈ '''àh''' ''response'' | '''àaah''' ''sentiment'' ≈ '''àaargh''' ''disgust'' (to both more '''a''''s may be added) ≈ '''àh''' ''response'' | ||
'''àardvark''' | '''àardvark''' | ||
'''Ãaron'''; also '''Ãron''' | '''Ãaron''' BrE; AmE '''Áaron''' = '''Árron''' = '''[[Isle of Arran|Árran]]''' ''Isle''; also '''Ãron'''/'''Áron''' | ||
'''[[Aaron Copland|Áaron'''/'''Ãaron Côpland]]''' | |||
'''ábacus | '''ábacus | ||
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'''abándoned''': not -nned | '''abándoned''': not -nned | ||
'''[[ABBA|Ábba]]''', | '''[[ABBA|Ábba]]''', normal name case in English;<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/4366574.stm Abba win 'Eurovision 50th' vote] ''BBC News,'' 23 October 2005. Retrieved 1 August 2007.</ref> Abba themselves use all upper case, preferably with the first B reversed to make symmetrical sense as it's an acronym of their first names | ||
'''Abbàs''' | '''Abbàs''' | ||
'''ábbey''' = '''Ábbey''' = '''Ábby''' | |||
'''Ábbottabad''' or '''Abbóttabad | |||
'''ABC''' ''alphabet'' *Ây-Bêe-Cêe (not to mention *Dêe-Êe-éF-Gêe-âitcH-Î-Jây-Kây-éL-éM-éN-Ô-Pêe-Queûe-àR-éSs-Têe-yÛ-Vêe-dúblyeŴ-éX-wŶe-Zéd/Zêe) | |||
'''ábdomen''' | '''ábdomen''' | ||
'''abdóminal''' | '''abdóminal''' | ||
'''Âbe''' ''Abraham'', '''Àbè''' ''Shinzo'' | |||
'''Aberdêen''' | '''Aberdêen''' | ||
'''áberrant''' *ábberant, cf. '''érrant | '''Aberfán''' *Áber-ván, per [[Welsh language|Welsh]] | ||
'''áberrant''' *ábberant, or '''abérrant''', cf. '''érrant | |||
'''aberrâtion''' | '''aberrâtion''' | ||
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'''abhŏr''' | '''abhŏr''' | ||
'''abhórrent''' | '''abhórrent''' ('''h''' may be silent) | ||
'''ábject''' cf. '''óbject''', '''objéct''' | |||
'''âble''' ''capable'' = '''Âbel''' ''person'' | '''âble''' ''capable'' = '''Âbel''' ''person'' | ||
'''abòut''' *əbòut | '''abòut''' = '''a bòut''' ''boxing'' *əbòut | ||
'''abòut-türn | '''abòut-türn | ||
'''abòve''' | |||
'''abrǒad''' | |||
'''ábscéss''' (-'''bsc'''-) | '''ábscéss''' (-'''bsc'''-) | ||
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'''ábsence''' | '''ábsence''' | ||
'''ábsent''' | '''ábsent''', cf. '''in abséntia''' | ||
'''absŏrb | '''absŏrb | ||
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'''ábstinence''' | '''ábstinence''' | ||
'''abstrûse''' -ss | |||
'''abûse''' noun, -ss; verb, -z | |||
'''abúzz | |||
'''abýsmal''' -zməl | '''abýsmal''' -zməl | ||
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'''acádemy''' | '''acádemy''' | ||
'''accêde''' ''accession'' ≈ '''excêed''' ''more | |||
'''accélerate''' əx-, cf. '''excél''', '''éxcellent | '''accélerate''' əx-, cf. '''excél''', '''éxcellent | ||
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'''accépt''' ''receive'' əx-, cf. '''excépt''' ''exception'' íx- ([[minimal pair]]) | '''accépt''' ''receive'' əx-, cf. '''excépt''' ''exception'' íx- ([[minimal pair]]) | ||
'''áccess''' ''noun'' *áxéss, cf. '''áxis''' ([[minimal pair]]) | '''accéptable | ||
'''áccess''' ''noun'' *áxéss, cf. '''áxis''' centre ([[minimal pair]]), '''áxes''' ''axe'' *axiz | |||
'''accéss''' ''verb'' *əxéss, cf. '''excéss''', *ixéss ([[minimal pair]]) | '''accéss''' ''verb'' *əxéss, cf. '''excéss''', *ixéss ([[minimal pair]]) | ||
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'''accidéntally''' áx- | '''accidéntally''' áx- | ||
'''acclâim''' = '''a clâim''' | |||
'''áccolade''' | '''áccolade''' | ||
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'''accòmplísh''' ''achieve'' BrE; AmE '''accómplísh''' | '''accòmplísh''' ''achieve'' BrE; AmE '''accómplísh''' | ||
'''accoûtrement | |||
'''Accrà''' | '''Accrà''' | ||
'''accrédited | |||
'''accrûe''' cf. '''acróss''' | '''accrûe''' cf. '''acróss''' | ||
'''acërbic''' | '''accürsed''' *accürsid | ||
'''âce''' | |||
'''acërbic''' cf. '''ascertâin | |||
'''âche''' *âke | '''âche''' *âke | ||
'''achìêve''' | '''achìêve''' | ||
'''acknówledge''' *əc-nólij | |||
'''ácmê''' | '''ácmê''' | ||
'''ácnê''' | |||
'''ácolŷte | |||
'''acquiésce''' *ákwì-éss, cf. '''quiéscent''' *kwì-éssent, '''quîet''' *kwîət | '''acquiésce''' *ákwì-éss, cf. '''quiéscent''' *kwì-éssent, '''quîet''' *kwîət | ||
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'''âcreage''' *âkerage | '''âcreage''' *âkerage | ||
'''ácrimony''' | |||
'''ácronym | |||
'''Acrópolis | |||
'''acróss''' cf. '''accrûe | '''acróss''' cf. '''accrûe | ||
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'''áctual''' *ákchəl | '''áctual''' *ákchəl | ||
'''ácûmen''' cf. '''áccurate | '''ácûmen''' *ákyəmən, cf. '''áccurate''' *ákyərət | ||
'''ácupuncture''' | '''ácupuncture''' | ||
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'''adàgio''' -jô | '''adàgio''' -jô | ||
'''adaptâtion''', cf. '''adóption | |||
'''ádd''' ''more'' = '''ád''' ''advertisement'' | '''ádd''' ''more'' = '''ád''' ''advertisement'' | ||
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'''addréss''' BrE = '''a dréss'''; AmE '''áddress | '''addréss''' BrE = '''a dréss'''; AmE '''áddress | ||
'''Adéle | |||
'''Âden''' ''Yemen'' = '''Âidan''' ''person'' | |||
'''adhêre''' ('''d''' and '''h''' pronounced separately) | '''adhêre''' ('''d''' and '''h''' pronounced separately) | ||
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'''ád hóc''', two words | '''ád hóc''', two words | ||
'''ád infinîtum''', cf. '''ínfinite''', '''infínitive | |||
'''ádjective''' cf. '''ejécted''' | '''ádjective''' cf. '''ejécted''' | ||
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'''adjúst''' *ajúst | '''adjúst''' *ajúst | ||
'''ád nåusêám''' | '''admínistrate''' | ||
'''administrâtion''' | |||
'''admínistrative'''; some AmE '''administrâtive''' | |||
'''admîre''' | |||
'''ádmirable''' *ádmrbl | |||
'''ád nåusêám''' (-ziám) or pronounced, but not spelt *ád nåusêum (-ziəm) | |||
'''adôbê''' | '''adôbê''' | ||
'''Ádolf''' = '''Ádolph'''; some AmE: '''Âdolf''' | |||
'''adóption | |||
'''adrénalín''', '''adrénaline | '''adrénalín''', '''adrénaline | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>adréss '''addréss | <nowiki>*</nowiki>adréss '''addréss | ||
'''ádult''' BrE; AmE '''adúlt | |||
'''adúltery | |||
'''advānce''' | '''advānce''' | ||
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'''ádvërt''' | '''ádvërt''' | ||
'''ádvertise''' never -îze | '''ádvertise''' pronounced, but never spelt -îze | ||
''' | '''ádvertîsement''' AmE *ádvertîzemənt, like the verb, above | ||
'''advërtísement''' BrE *ədvërtíssmənt | |||
'''advîce''' ''noun'' -ss | '''advîce''' ''noun'' -ss | ||
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'''advîser''' = '''advîsor''' (alternatives) | '''advîser''' = '''advîsor''' (alternatives) | ||
'''ádze''', '''ádz''' ''tool'' = '''áds''' ''adverts'' | |||
'''Aêgêan''' *Êjêən | '''Aêgêan''' *Êjêən | ||
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'''aêsthétics''' AmE '''ê'''- | '''aêsthétics''' AmE '''ê'''- | ||
'''afféct''' ''alter'' cf. '''efféct''' ''result'' í- | '''afféct''' ''alter'' cf. '''efféct''' ''result'' í- or = '''afféct''' | ||
'''áffect''' ''emotion'' | '''áffect''' ''emotion'' | ||
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'''affrònt''' cf. '''effròntery | '''affrònt''' cf. '''effròntery | ||
'''Afghánistān''' Áf-gán- | '''Afghánistān''' Áf-gán- (-wán-, -hán- -wàn-, etc. are local pronunciations) | ||
'''Áfghán''' cf. '''Áfrican''' -ən | '''Áfghán''' cf. '''Áfrican''' -ən | ||
'''aficionàdo''' | '''aficionàdo''' -físh- or -físsy- | ||
'''afrâid''' | '''afrâid''' | ||
'''afrésh''' ''anew'' (adverb) = '''a frésh''' | |||
'''África''' | '''África''' | ||
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'''āfterthŏught''' -åwt, one word | '''āfterthŏught''' -åwt, one word | ||
'''āfterwards''' | '''āfterward''' AmE, BrE '''āfterwards''' | ||
'''āfterwörd''' ''preface'' | |||
'''again''', '''against''': both have -én, but for some speakers there is a | '''again''', '''against''': both have -én, but for some speakers there is a regular [[spelling pronunciation]]: '''agâin''', '''agâinst | ||
'''agâpe''' ''gaping'' | '''agâpe''' ''gaping'' | ||
'''ágapê''' ''eros'' | '''ágapê''' ''eros'' | ||
'''ággravate | |||
'''aggréssion | |||
'''aggriêved | |||
'''âge''' cf. '''édge''': Francophones beware | '''âge''' cf. '''édge''': Francophones beware | ||
'''âged''' as in '''âged 20''' | '''âged''': as in '''âged 20''', pronounced *âyjd; when meaning ''old'' before a noun ('''an âged mán'''), *âyjíd | ||
'''âgeing''', '''âging''', *âjing | '''âgeing''' (BrE), '''âging''' (AmE), *âjing | ||
'''âgeist''' *âjist | '''âgeist''' *âjist | ||
'''âge-ôld''' hyphenated | '''âge-ôld''' hyphenated | ||
'''ágîle''' | |||
'''agô''' | '''agô''' | ||
'''ágora''' | |||
'''ágriculture''' | '''ágriculture''' | ||
'''àh''' ''response'' ≈ '''àaah''' ''sentiment'' ≈ '''àaargh''' ''disgust'' (in the latter cases more '''a''''s may be added) | '''àh''' ''response'' ≈ '''àaah''' ''sentiment'' ≈ '''àaargh''' ''disgust'' (in the latter cases more '''a''''s may be added) | ||
'''ahà''' | |||
'''ahem''': [[schwa]]s | |||
'''Àhmad Jamál | |||
'''âid''' ''help'' = '''âide''' ''assistant''; '''Âids''' or '''ÂIDS''' ''disease'' = '''âids''', '''âides''' ''plurals'' | '''âid''' ''help'' = '''âide''' ''assistant''; '''Âids''' or '''ÂIDS''' ''disease'' = '''âids''', '''âides''' ''plurals'' | ||
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'''Âids''' or '''ÂIDS''' ''disease'' = '''âids''', '''âides''' ''plurals'' | '''Âids''' or '''ÂIDS''' ''disease'' = '''âids''', '''âides''' ''plurals'' | ||
'''ãir''' ''breathe'' = '''Ãyr''' ''Scotland'' = '''ére''' ''before'' = '''é’er''' ''ever'' = '''héir''' ''estate''; AmE '''ãir''' = AmE '''érr''', cf. BrE '''ërr''' *üh | '''ãir''' ''breathe'' = '''Ãyr''' ''Scotland'' = '''ére''' ''before'' = '''é’er''' ''ever'' = '''héir''' ''estate'' = [[Jane Eyre|'''Éyre''' ''Jane'']] = '''Ãire''' ''river''; AmE '''ãir''' = AmE '''érr''', cf. BrE '''ërr''' *üh | ||
'''ãiry''' ''light'' = all four spellings of '''éyrie''' = '''éyry''' = '''ãerie''' = '''ãery''' ''bird'', cf. '''êerie''' ''strange'' | '''ãiry''' ''light'' = all four spellings of '''éyrie''' = '''éyry''' = '''ãerie''' = '''ãery''' ''bird'', cf. '''êerie''' ''strange'' | ||
'''aîsle''' ''walking space'' = '''îsle''' ''island'' | |||
'''Âix''' ''France'' = '''âches''' ''ache'' | '''Âix''' ''France'' = '''âches''' ''ache'' | ||
''' | aj-: most words that sound as if they start like this actually have '''adj'''- | ||
'''Ajáccio''' *Azháxio | '''Ajáccio''' *Azháxio | ||
''' | '''Àjáx''' ''Amsterdam'' *Àyáx | ||
''' | '''Âjáx''' ''person'' | ||
'''áka''' or '''ákà''' (can be capitals), acronym of '''ålso knôwn as''' | '''áka''' or '''ákà''' (can be capitals), acronym of '''ålso knôwn as''' | ||
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'''Ál''' ''Arabic'' may be hyphenated to following capital-letter word in Arabic name; may also be '''ál''' | '''Ál''' ''Arabic'' may be hyphenated to following capital-letter word in Arabic name; may also be '''ál''' | ||
'''à là | '''à là''' ('''''à la''''') | ||
'''Alabáma''' ('''Á'''): one '''m''', cf. '''Montána''', '''Louisiána | '''Alabáma''' ('''Á'''): one '''m''', cf. '''Montána''', '''Louisiána | ||
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'''alás''' | '''alás''' | ||
'''Álawite''' | |||
'''Albânia''' ('''Á''') | '''Albânia''' ('''Á''') | ||
'''Ålbany''' | '''Ålbany''' | ||
'''albêdo | |||
'''albêit''' *åll bê ít, cf. '''sô bê ít | |||
'''Álbert''' | '''Álbert''' | ||
''' | '''albìno | ||
'''Åldwých''' | '''Álbion''' | ||
'''Albuquërquê''' *Álbə-kïrky | |||
'''Aldébaran''' | |||
'''Åldwých''' *åll dwítch | |||
'''âle''' ''beer'' = '''âil''' ''ailing'' | '''âle''' ''beer'' = '''âil''' ''ailing'' | ||
'''Álfa Romèo''', cf. '''álpha''', '''Rômêo | |||
'''Álfred''' | '''Álfred''' | ||
'''álgaê''' *áljê or *álgy | '''álgaê''' *áljê or *álgy | ||
'''Algàrve | |||
'''álgorithm''' rhymes with '''rhýthm | '''álgorithm''' rhymes with '''rhýthm | ||
'''Áli''' '' | '''Áli''' = '''Álly''' = '''Álley''' = '''álley''' ''walk'', although '''Muhámmad Alì''' ''boxer'' is often pronounced *Àh-lêe; cf. '''állŷ''' *állîe ''friend'' | ||
'''âlias''' *âlius | '''âlias''' *âlius, cf. '''Alîas''' ''Don'' | ||
''' | '''álibî''' | ||
''' | '''Álíce''' = '''Álliss | ||
''' | '''âlien''' | ||
''' | '''alienâtion''' | ||
''' | '''alîgn''' = '''a lîne''', cf. '''állŷ''' ''friend'', '''állêy''' ''way'' | ||
''' | '''alîgned''' *allîned, cf. '''állied''' | ||
''' | '''Álison''' = '''Állison''', probably the former more common as given name, the latter as family name | ||
''' | '''Álistair''' = '''Álastair | ||
'''alîve''' | '''alîve''' | ||
'''åll''' ''every'' = '''åwl''' ''tool'', cf. '''Ál''' '' | '''åll''' ''every'' = '''åwl''' ''tool'', cf. '''Ál''' ''name'' | ||
'''allegâtions''' *allogations | '''allegâtions''' *allogations | ||
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'''állêy''' ''path'' = '''Áli''' ''person'', cf. '''állŷ | '''állêy''' ''path'' = '''Áli''' ''person'', cf. '''állŷ | ||
'''allîance | |||
'''álligâtor''' | '''álligâtor''' | ||
'''allót''' ''assign'' = '''a lót''' ''much'' | '''allót''' ''assign'' = '''a lót''' ''much''; cf. '''Állott | ||
'''åll-òut''' ''total'' before noun needs hyphen | '''åll-òut''' ''total'' before noun needs hyphen | ||
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'''allûsion''', əl-, cf. '''illûsion''', '''íl'''- | '''allûsion''', əl-, cf. '''illûsion''', '''íl'''- | ||
'''állŷ''' ''friend'' cf. ''' | '''állŷ''' ''friend'', cf. '''Álly''' = '''Álì''' = '''állêy''' | ||
'''allŷ''' ''verb'', cf. ''' | '''allŷ''' ''verb'' = '''a lîe''', cf. '''alîgn''' = '''a lîne''' | ||
'''ålmanac''' | '''ålmanac''' | ||
'''àlmond''' * | '''àlmond''' *àhmənd | ||
'''ålmost''' | '''ålmost''' | ||
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'''àlms''' ''gift'' = BrE '''àrms''' ''body, weapons'' | '''àlms''' ''gift'' = BrE '''àrms''' ''body, weapons'' | ||
''' | '''álôe | ||
'''alône | |||
'''alóngsîde''' one word | |||
'''a lót''' ''many'' = '''allót''' ''assign'' (*alót) | |||
'''a lót of''' ''many'' (*əlótəv) | |||
'''alòud''' ''audible'' = '''allòwed''' ''permitted'' | '''alòud''' ''audible'' = '''allòwed''' ''permitted'' | ||
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'''Aloýsius''' *Aləwíshəss | '''Aloýsius''' *Aləwíshəss | ||
'''ál-Qàêda''' | '''ál-Qàêda''' (or '''Ál-'''; also minus hyphen) *ál-Kŷda (rarely does one hear an anglophone sound or suggest the glottal stop that is present in the [[Arabic]]: *álkà-êda) | ||
'''alréady''' ''before'' = '''åll réady''' ''ready'' | '''alréady''' ''before'' = '''åll réady''' ''ready'' | ||
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'''ålso''' | '''ålso''' | ||
'''ålt-''' | |||
'''ålter''' ''change'' = '''åltar''' ''church'' | '''ålter''' ''change'' = '''åltar''' ''church'' | ||
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<nowiki>*</nowiki>altêrior '''ultêrior | <nowiki>*</nowiki>altêrior '''ultêrior | ||
'''altërnate''' ''adjective'' | '''altërnate''' BrE; AmE '''ålternate''' ''adjective'' | ||
'''ålternâte''' ''verb'' | '''ålternâte''' ''verb'' | ||
''' | '''altërnatíve''' | ||
'''althôugh''' * | '''althôugh''' *åll-dhô | ||
'''álto''' | |||
'''áltruism | |||
'''alumínium''' BrE; AmE '''alûminum''' | '''alumínium''' BrE; AmE '''alûminum''' | ||
''' | '''alúmnus''' | ||
'''alvêolar''' | '''alvêolar''' | ||
'''ålways ''' ''ever'' cf. '''áll wâys''' ''methods, styles | '''ålways ''' ''ever'' cf. '''áll wâys''' ''methods, styles | ||
'''Álzheîmer's''' is probably the most common British pronunciation, '''Å'''- ditto in AmE; also, '''À'''- | |||
'''ám''' ''be'' | '''ám''' ''be'' | ||
'''âm''' ''ante meridian'' *â-ém | '''âm''' ''morning (ante meridian)'' *â-ém = '''a.m.''' (lower case) | ||
'''amanuénsis''', cf. '''Emmánuel''' | |||
'''ámateur''' *ámətər; AmE can be '''amateûr''' | '''ámateur''' *ámətər; AmE can be '''amateûr''' | ||
'''amâze | |||
'''Ámazon | |||
'''ambássador''' cf. '''émbassy | '''ambássador''' cf. '''émbassy | ||
'''ámbergrìs''' BrE | '''ámbergrìs''' BrE, AmE '''ámbergrís'''; '''s''' may be silent | ||
'''ámbiance''' | |||
'''ámbient''' | |||
'''ambíguous | '''ambíguous | ||
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'''ámícable''' | '''ámícable''' | ||
'''amíss''' ''awry'', cf. '''Âmíss''', '''Âmís''' ''names'' | |||
'''Ammàn | |||
'''ammunítion''' *ámyù-níshən | |||
'''amnêsia''' | |||
'''ámnesty | |||
'''amók''' cf. '''amúck''', same meaning | '''amók''' cf. '''amúck''', same meaning | ||
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'''ânal | '''ânal | ||
'''ánalŷse''' | '''ánalŷse''' ''verb'' *ánnəlîze | ||
'''análysês''' '' | '''ánalŷses''' ''verb'' and '''análysês''' ''noun'' *ənáləssêez are [[homophone|homographs]]; the first is the third person singular present tense of the verb (above), the second the plural of the noun (below) | ||
'''análysis''' '' | '''análysis''' ''noun'' *ənáləssís | ||
'''ánalýst''' | '''ánalýst''' | ||
'''ánarchy''' * | '''anàrchic''' -kik | ||
'''ánarchist''' -kist | |||
'''ánarchy''' *ánə(r)kỳ | |||
'''anáthema | |||
'''áncestor''' | '''áncestor''' | ||
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'''âncient''' | '''âncient''' | ||
'''and''' *ənd, sometimes '''ánd''' for emphasis = '''& | '''áncillãry''' AmE, BrE '''ancíllary | ||
'''and''' *ənd, sometimes '''ánd''' for emphasis = '''&''' (the [[ampersand]], always unstressed and used in proprietory names, show business acts, etc.) | |||
'''Andalucìa''' (some say -thìa in imitation of the European Spanish pronunciation) | |||
'''andántè''' | '''andántè''' | ||
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'''Andórra''' BrE, AmE -'''ŏrr'''-, cf. '''Pandŏra''' | '''Andórra''' BrE, AmE -'''ŏrr'''-, cf. '''Pandŏra''' | ||
'''Ándrêa''' (first of three syllables stressed) is an English girl's name; '''Andrèa''' (second of three) is a German boy's name; both end in [[schwa]]: -ə | |||
'''Andrómeda | '''Andrómeda | ||
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'''Ándreŵ''' | '''Ándreŵ''' | ||
'''anémonê''' cf. '''an énemy''' | '''anémonê''' *an-émeny, cf. '''an énemy''' | ||
'''Ánerley''' | |||
'''aneŵ''' ''afresh'' (adverb) = '''a neŵ''' | |||
'''ângel''' *ânjəl, cf. '''ángle | '''ângel''' *ânjəl, cf. '''ángle | ||
'''Ángela''' | |||
'''Ángelô''' = '''Ángelôu''' ''Maya'', though '''Ángeloû''' is very common | |||
'''ánger''' BrE *áng-gə | '''ánger''' BrE *áng-gə | ||
'''angîna''' *án-jînə | '''angîna''' *án-jînə | ||
'''ángle''' hard '''g''', cf. '''ângel''' *âynjl | |||
'''Ánglia | '''Ánglia | ||
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'''Ánglo-Sáxon | '''Ánglo-Sáxon | ||
'''Angôla''' | |||
'''ángry''' *áng-gry | '''ángry''' *áng-gry | ||
Line 509: | Line 686: | ||
'''Anguíllan''' -gwí- | '''Anguíllan''' -gwí- | ||
'''ánimè | |||
'''ánimus''' cf. '''ûnánimous''' | '''ánimus''' cf. '''ûnánimous''' | ||
'''áníse''' cf. '''Álíce''' ([[minimal pair]]) | '''áníse''' cf. '''Álíce''' ([[minimal pair]]) | ||
'''Anìta Ànand''' | |||
'''Ánkara''' | '''Ánkara''' | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>ánker is a misspelling of '''ánchor''' | |||
'''ánkle''' | |||
'''ánnals''' cf. '''ánalyst''' | '''ánnals''' cf. '''ánalyst''' | ||
'''[[Kofi Annan|Ánnan]]''': second '''a''' as [[schwa]], rhymes with '''cánnon''', making a [[minimal pair]] with '''Árran''' (but widely mispronounced with the stress on the second syllable, perhaps by analogy with '''[[Amman|Ammàn]]''')<ref name="Crossette">{{Cite news|last=Crossette |first=Barbara |title=New U.N. Chief Promises Reforms but Says He Won't Cut Jobs |work=New York Times |date=10 January 1997 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B0CE1D81638F933A25752C0A961958260 |accessdate=25 February 2008}}</ref> | |||
'''annéx''' ''verb'' | '''annéx''' ''verb'' | ||
Line 522: | Line 709: | ||
'''ánnex''' or '''ánnexe''' ''noun'' | '''ánnex''' or '''ánnexe''' ''noun'' | ||
'''annîhilate''' * | '''annîhilate''' *annîəlâte | ||
'''annúl''' cf. '''ánnal | '''annúl''' cf. '''ánnal | ||
Line 529: | Line 716: | ||
'''anómaly''' | '''anómaly''' | ||
'''anón''' ''soon'' = '''anón.''' ''anonymous'' | |||
'''ánonýmity''' | '''ánonýmity''' | ||
'''anónymous''' | '''anónymous''' | ||
'''anoréxia | |||
'''anòther''' one word | '''anòther''' one word | ||
'''[[Anschluss|ánschlùss]] | |||
'''ānswer''', silent '''w''': BrE *ànsə, AmE *ánsr | '''ānswer''', silent '''w''': BrE *ànsə, AmE *ánsr | ||
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'''ántê'''- ''before'' = BrE '''ántì''' ''against | '''ántê'''- ''before'' = BrE '''ántì''' ''against | ||
'''Ánthony''' | '''anténna | ||
'''anténnaê''' BrE = AmE '''anténnê''', though some BrE speakers, perhaps recalling school Latin, say -nàê (-nî) | |||
'''Ánthony''' ''usual'' = '''Ántony''' ''Mark'', -tə- | |||
'''ántì''' BrE (AmE '''ántî''') ''against'' = '''ántê'''- ''before''; '''prô''' and '''ánti''' are always hyphenated to a following word they modify: '''prô-wår''' and '''ánti-wår''' | |||
''' | '''antibiótic''' | ||
'''ántícs''' | |||
'''ántidote''' | '''ántidote''' | ||
'''Antìgua''' - | '''antimacássar''' | ||
'''Antìgua''' *Án-têegə | |||
'''antípodês''' | |||
'''antìque''' *án-têek | |||
'''antirrhînum''' *antirŷnum | '''antirrhînum''' *antirŷnum | ||
''' | '''antisemític''', '''anti-Semític''' ''anti-Jewish'' ([[Antisemitism|euphemism?]] "[[Semitic languages|Semitic]]" refers to a language group that includes [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and [[Amharic language|Amharic]] as well as [[Israel]]'s [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]) | ||
'''anxîety''' * | '''antisémitism''' (or '''anti-Sémitism''', but what, then, is 'Semitism'?) | ||
'''Ántón''', cf. '''Ánthony''', '''Ántony | |||
'''anxîety''' *angzîəty | |||
'''ánxious''' *ángkshəss or *ángshəss | '''ánxious''' *ángkshəss or *ángshəss | ||
'''any''' '' | '''any''' ''some'' *énny makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''Ánnie''' ''person'' | ||
'''anybody''' *énnybódy one word | '''anybody''' *énnybódy one word | ||
'''any mŏre''', '''anymŏre''' *énny-mŏre: the one-word form is [[American English]] | '''any mŏre''', '''anymŏre''' *énny-mŏre: the one-word form, restricted to the meaning ''no longer'', is [[American English]]: '''ít dòesn't mátter anymŏre''' | ||
'''anyone''' ''anybody'' *énnywún, one word; otherwise two: '''any òne îtem''', where '''òne''' is a numeral: cf. '''any thrêe óptions | '''anyone''' ''anybody'' *énnywún, one word; otherwise two: '''any òne îtem''', where '''òne''' is a numeral: cf. '''any thrêe óptions | ||
'''anyway''' ''despite | '''anyway''' ''despite'' one word, cf. where '''wây''' is a noun: '''any wây yoû loòk at ít''', '''dôn't chânge ít ín any wây''' | ||
'''ãorist''' | |||
'''apâce''' ''fast'' = '''a pâce''' ''step'' | '''apâce''' ''fast'' = '''a pâce''' ''step'' | ||
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'''apàrt''' ''separate'' = '''a pàrt''' ''section'', hence '''apàrt from''' and ''' a pàrt of''' | '''apàrt''' ''separate'' = '''a pàrt''' ''section'', hence '''apàrt from''' and ''' a pàrt of''' | ||
'''apàrtheîd''' | '''apàrtheîd''' -tîte or '''apàrthèid''' -tâte | ||
'''apéritìf''' | '''apéritìf''' either stressed | ||
'''aphêlion''' * | '''aphêlion''' *əfêliən, *əp-hêliən | ||
'''âphid | '''âphid | ||
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'''aplénty | '''aplénty | ||
'''aplómb''' *əplóm | |||
'''apócalypse''' | '''apócalypse''' | ||
'''apócryphal''', cf. '''êpoch''' -óc, '''crýpt | |||
'''ápogêe''' -jì | |||
'''apólogîse''' ''verb'' | '''apólogîse''' ''verb'' | ||
'''apólogíes''' ''plural noun'' | '''apólogíes''' ''plural noun'' | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>apón '''upón | |||
'''apóstasy''' | '''apóstasy''' | ||
'''apóstate | |||
'''apóstle | |||
'''apóstrophê''' | '''apóstrophê''' | ||
'''ápp''', abbreviation of '''applicátion'''; there is also a surname '''Ápps | |||
'''appål'''; AmE can be '''appåll''' | '''appål'''; AmE can be '''appåll''' | ||
'''Appalâchia''' -sh- or -'''ch'''-; or '''Appaláchia''' -'''ch'''- (though [[Frederick Delius|Delius]] pronounced it, and his musical work, [[Appalachia|Appalàkia]]) | '''[[Appalachia|Appalâchia]]''' -sh- or -'''ch'''-; or '''Appaláchia''' -'''ch'''- (though [[Frederick Delius|Delius]] pronounced it, and his musical work, [[Appalachia (Delius)|*Appalàkia]]) | ||
'''appålling''' | '''appålling''' | ||
Line 606: | Line 833: | ||
'''apparátchik''' | '''apparátchik''' | ||
'''ápparâtus''' BrE either stressed (to children | '''ápparâtus''' BrE either stressed (to children it can sound plural, ‘apperators’, like '''óperators'''); AmE '''apparátus | ||
'''appárel''' | '''appárel''' | ||
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<nowiki>*</nowiki>appôse '''oppôse | <nowiki>*</nowiki>appôse '''oppôse | ||
'''ápposíte''' | |||
'''apprôpriate''' ''adjective'', '''apprôpriâte''' ''verb'' | |||
'''approval''' -prû- | '''approval''' -prû- | ||
Line 635: | Line 866: | ||
'''Aquãrius | '''Aquãrius | ||
'''aquátic | |||
'''áqueduct''' | |||
'''áqueous | |||
'''Áquila | '''Áquila | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>aquîre '''acquîre | |||
'''A&R''' *ayənàr | '''A&R''' *ayənàr | ||
'''Árab''' | '''ár'''- BrE is '''ãr'''- for some AmE speakers: '''ãrrogant''', etc. | ||
'''Árab''' ''adjective, person'', some AmE '''Ãrab''' | |||
'''Arâbian''' ''adjective'' | '''Arâbian''' ''adjective'' | ||
'''Árabic''' ''language'' | '''Árabic''' ''language'', some AmE '''Ãrabic''' | ||
'''árable''' | |||
'''àrbíter | |||
'''àrbítrary | |||
'''àrc''' ''circle'' = '''Àrk''' ''Noah'' = '''Àrc''' ''Joan | '''àrc''' ''circle'' = '''Àrk''' ''Noah'' = '''Àrc''' ''Joan | ||
'''àrced''' ''arc'' *àrkt | '''àrced''' ''arc'' *àrkt | ||
'''àrch''', '''ch''' sound, *àrtsh, unlike most of the following (the exceptions being the versions with '''bíshop''' and '''dêacon''') | |||
'''archâíc''' *àrkâyíc | '''archâíc''' *àrkâyíc | ||
'''archeólogy''' ''àrk- | '''archângel''' àrk- | ||
'''archbíshop''' àrtch- | |||
'''archdêacon''' àrtch- | |||
'''archeólogy''' àrk- | |||
'''Archimêdês''' Àrk- | |||
'''archipélago''' àrk- | |||
''' | '''àrchitect''' àrk- | ||
'''àrchive''' *àrkîve | '''àrchive''' *àrkîve | ||
'''àrchivist''' *àrkîvist, *àrkəvist | |||
'''arcmínute''', '''arcsécond''' both one word | |||
'''Àrctic''' | '''Àrctic''' | ||
'''àre''' BrE = '''àh | '''àre''' BrE = '''àh'''; BrE weak form = '''a''' weak form *ə; AmE weak form *r | ||
'''ãrêa''' ''space'' *ãrêə makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''ària''' ''song | |||
''' | '''arêna''' | ||
''' | '''Àrês''' ''Mars'', or = '''Ãríes'''/'''Ãriês''' ''Ram'', both -z | ||
'''Argentìna''', '''Àrgentîne''', '''Argentínian''' = '''Argentínean''' Àrj- | '''Argentìna''', '''Àrgentîne''', '''Argentínian''' = '''Argentínean''' Àrj- | ||
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'''àrgil''' ''clay'', soft '''g | '''àrgil''' ''clay'', soft '''g | ||
''' | '''argot''' ''slang'' = '''Àrgo''' ''ship'' | ||
'''àrgue | '''àrgue | ||
'''àrgument | '''àrgument | ||
'''Argŷll''' ''Scotland'' = '''Argŷle''' ''elsewhere'', hard '''g | |||
'''ària''' ''opera'' cf. '''ãrea''' ''space | '''ària''' ''opera'' cf. '''ãrea''' ''space | ||
'''Ãrian''' ''Arius'', ''Aries'' = '''Ãryan''' ''race'' | |||
'''Ariàna''' | |||
'''Àriàna Grànde''' AmE; BrE '''Áriàna Grándè''' | |||
'''Ariáne''' | |||
'''árid | '''árid | ||
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'''Ãríes''' -ríz | '''Ãríes''' -ríz | ||
''' | '''áristocrát''' BrE; AmE '''arístocrát''' | ||
'''aristocrátic | '''aristocrátic | ||
'''Aristóphanês''' | |||
'''Áristótle''' | |||
'''Àrk''' ''Noah'' = '''àrc''' ''circle'' = '''Àrc''' ''Joan | '''Àrk''' ''Noah'' = '''àrc''' ''circle'' = '''Àrc''' ''Joan | ||
'''Àrkansas''' BrE '' | '''Àrkansas''' BrE -såw, AmE -sà | ||
'''aròund''' = '''a ròund | |||
'''arrâign''' = '''a râin | |||
'''arrêars | |||
'''arrést | '''arrést | ||
''' | '''arrhýthmic | ||
'''àrsenal''' *àrssnəl | '''àrsenal''' *àrssnəl | ||
'''àrsenic''' *àrssníc | |||
'''àrson | '''àrson | ||
''' | '''àrt''' ''artist'' = '''Àrt''' ''Arthur'' | ||
'''àrt déco''' or '''Àrt Déco''' (may retain French accent on '''é''') | |||
'''àrtefact | '''àrtefact''' BrE; AmE '''àrtifact | ||
'''artêsian''' ''well'' *àrtêzhən | '''artêsian''' ''well'' *àrtêzhən | ||
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'''artìste''' ''stage'' | '''artìste''' ''stage'' | ||
'''Ãryan''' ''race'' = '''Ãrian''' ''heresy'', ''Aries | |||
'''asbéstós | |||
'''ascénd''': derived words can be spelt with either '''a''' or '''e''': | '''ascénd''': derived words can be spelt with either '''a''' or '''e''': | ||
Line 722: | Line 1,015: | ||
'''ascént''' ''climb'' = '''assént''' ''agree'' | '''ascént''' ''climb'' = '''assént''' ''agree'' | ||
'''ascertâin | '''ascertâin''' cf. '''acërbic | ||
'''Áscot | |||
'''ÁSEAN''' or '''Ásean''' ''association'' *Ássián, cf. '''Âsian''' ''Asia'', *Âyzhən | '''ÁSEAN''' or '''Ásean''' ''association'' *Ássián, cf. '''Âsian''' ''Asia'', *Âyzhən | ||
Line 729: | Line 1,024: | ||
'''Âsia''' *Âsha or *Âzha | '''Âsia''' *Âsha or *Âzha | ||
'''ásinine''' áss- | |||
'''askānce | '''askānce | ||
Line 735: | Line 1,032: | ||
'''Ásperger's | '''Ásperger's | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>áspéstóss '''asbéstos | |||
'''ásphalt | '''ásphalt | ||
Line 741: | Line 1,040: | ||
'''áspirin''' ''medicine'' -spr-, cf. '''aspîring''' ''aspire | '''áspirin''' ''medicine'' -spr-, cf. '''aspîring''' ''aspire | ||
'''Ássád''', first syllable stressed, making a minimal pair with '''ácid''' | |||
'''Assànge''' ''Julian'' -ànzh | |||
'''assássin''' has four '''s'''’s | '''assássin''' has four '''s'''’s | ||
Line 750: | Line 1,053: | ||
'''ássét | '''ássét | ||
'''assîgn''' * | '''assîgn''' *əssîne = '''a sîgn | ||
'''assignâtion''' | '''assignâtion''' *ássíg-nâtion | ||
''' | '''assîgnment''' *əssînemənt | ||
'''assûme''' | '''assuâge''' *əsswâge | ||
'''assûme''' *əssyûme | |||
'''assûre''' AmE -shûre, BrE –shůre | '''assûre''' AmE -shûre, BrE –shůre | ||
'''ásterisk | '''ásterisk | ||
'''ásterism | |||
'''Ásterix | '''Ásterix | ||
Line 778: | Line 1,085: | ||
'''at lêast''' two words | '''at lêast''' two words | ||
'''átóll | '''átmosphêre''' | ||
'''atmosphéric''' | |||
'''átóll''', some AmE '''âtóll''' | |||
'''atône | |||
'''âtrium | |||
'''atrôcious''' -shəss | '''atrôcious''' -shəss | ||
Line 786: | Line 1,101: | ||
'''áttaboy''' one word | '''áttaboy''' one word | ||
'''attáchè''' - | '''attáchè''' -áshây | ||
'''attácks''' = '''a táx | |||
'''atténtion''' *əténshən makes a [[minimal pair]] with '''ténsion''' | |||
'''Attíla''' *Atílla | |||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>attône: '''atône | |||
'''attörney | '''attörney | ||
'''attríbutable | |||
'''áttribute''' ''noun | |||
'''Auchinleck''' *Ókhinleck, *Áffleck | |||
'''Åuckland | '''Åuckland | ||
'''auctionêer''' | '''auctionêer''' åukshə- | ||
'''åudio | |||
'''auditǒrium | |||
'''augmént | |||
'''åugur''' = '''Åuger''' | |||
'''åugury''' | |||
'''augúst''' ''revered'' | '''augúst''' ''revered'' | ||
Line 798: | Line 1,137: | ||
'''Åugust''' ''month'' | '''Åugust''' ''month'' | ||
'''[[Aung San Suu Kyi| Àùng Sán Sûu Kyìi]]''' *Òwng Sán | '''[[Auld Lang Syne|Åuld Láng Sŷne]]''' (from [[Robert Burns]], [[Scots language|Scots]], "Old Long Since") or ...*Zŷne | ||
'''[[Aung San Suu Kyi| Àùng Sán Sûu Kyìi]]''' *Òwng Sán Sûe Chêe | |||
'''āunt''' ''uncle'' AmE = '''ánt''' ''insect'' | '''āunt''' ''uncle'' AmE = '''ánt''' ''insect'' | ||
Line 808: | Line 1,149: | ||
'''au pãir''', '''ôp- | '''au pãir''', '''ôp- | ||
'''åural''' ''ear'' = '''ŏral''' ''mouth'', though the first may be pronounced '''àùral''' to distinguish it | '''åural''' ''ear'' = '''ŏral''' ''mouth'', by a coincidence of Latin, though the first may be pronounced '''àùral''' (*òwral) to distinguish it | ||
'''Aus''' ''Australia'' = '''Óz''' ''Wizard | '''Aus''' ''Australia'' = '''Óz''' ''Wizard | ||
'''Àùschwitz''' * | '''Àùschwitz''' *Òushvíts | ||
'''åuspices | '''åuspices | ||
Line 829: | Line 1,170: | ||
'''authórity | '''authórity | ||
'''åutism''' | |||
'''àùtobàhn | '''àùtobàhn | ||
Line 837: | Line 1,180: | ||
'''autúmnal''', '''n''' sounded | '''autúmnal''', '''n''' sounded | ||
'''avâil''' = '''a vèil | |||
'''ávalānche | '''ávalānche | ||
'''ávant gàrde''' ('''gàrde''' = '''guàrd''') | '''ávant-gàrde''' ('''gàrde''' = '''guàrd''') hyphenated | ||
'''avénge''' | |||
'''avërt''' | |||
'''Áviemore | '''Áviemore | ||
'''avocàdo | '''avocàdo | ||
'''avŏid''' | |||
'''avoirdupŏis''' *ávədə-pŏiz | '''avoirdupŏis''' *ávədə-pŏiz | ||
'''åwe | '''aẁash''' ''with'' = '''a ẁash | ||
'''awây''' ''gone, going'' = '''a wây''' ''method, route'' = '''awêigh''' ''anchors | |||
'''åwe''' ''amaze'' = BrE '''ŏr''', etc. | |||
'''awêigh''' ''anchors'' = '''awây''' ''go'' | '''awêigh''' ''anchors'' = '''awây''' ''go'' | ||
'''åwesome | |||
'''åwestruck | |||
'''åwful | '''åwful | ||
'''awhîle''' ''adverb'' = '''a whîle''' ''noun''; the one-word form is often used incorrectly, as it can only be used after a verb, not after a preposition ('''ín''', '''āfter''', '''fŏr''' etc.); compare: '''línger awhîle''', '''stây awhîle''' with '''stây for a whîle''', '''hê'll bè hêre ín a whîle''', '''for a shŏrt whîle''', '''ít háppened a whîle báck''', '''ít's bêen a whîle | |||
'''åwkward''' *åwquəd | '''åwkward''' *åwquəd | ||
Line 858: | Line 1,219: | ||
'''åwl''' ''tool'' = '''åll''' ''total'' | '''åwl''' ''tool'' = '''åll''' ''total'' | ||
'''ÂWOL | '''âwol''', '''ÂWOL | ||
'''awrŷ | '''awrŷ''' *ərî | ||
'''áxe''' ''chop'' BrE; AmE '''áx''' (the plurals of '''áxe'''/'''áx''' and '''áxis''' have the same spelling, but different pronunciations, as follows) | '''áxe''' ''chop'' BrE; AmE '''áx''' = '''ácts''' ''act'' (the plurals of '''áxe'''/'''áx''' and '''áxis''' have the same spelling, but different pronunciations, as follows) | ||
'''áxes''' ''axe'' -íz | '''áxes''' ''axe'' -íz | ||
Line 875: | Line 1,236: | ||
'''aŷe''' ''yes'' = '''eŷe''' ''see'' = '''Î''' ''me'' | '''aŷe''' ''yes'' = '''eŷe''' ''see'' = '''Î''' ''me'' | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>Âyman '''Eâmonn''', cf. '''Hâyman''' | |||
'''[[Ayn Rand|Aŷn Ránd]] | '''[[Ayn Rand|Aŷn Ránd]] |
Latest revision as of 21:48, 24 May 2017
A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | |
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Use in English | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Alphabetical word list | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Retroalphabetical list | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common misspellings |
This page lists pronunciations of English words that begin with A. To see a different letter navigate with the table above. The apostrophe is treated as the last letter of the alphabet, after Z.
For a pronunciation key, click on the blue "Catalogs" link below the article title.[e]
 letter = èh? what? (names of letters are usually written as capitals in text: the létter Â, ín B-flát mâjor, etc.)
a article *ə: schwa = uh. It can be a strong form â, like the name of the letter Â, but this is almost always unnecessary and pompous-sounding, and is typical of politicians and the like; it can however be used for emphasis, meaning 'one', as for example of a tennis player trailing 4-6 2-0: At lêast hê lêads ín â sét. (The British weak form of àre is also *ə.)
Â-sîde
àaah sentiment ≈ àaargh disgust (to both more a's may be added) ≈ àh response
àardvark
Ãaron BrE; AmE Áaron = Árron = Árran Isle; also Ãron/Áron
ábacus
abándoned: not -nned
Ábba, normal name case in English;[1] Abba themselves use all upper case, preferably with the first B reversed to make symmetrical sense as it's an acronym of their first names
Abbàs
ábbey = Ábbey = Ábby
Ábbottabad or Abbóttabad
ABC alphabet *Ây-Bêe-Cêe (not to mention *Dêe-Êe-éF-Gêe-âitcH-Î-Jây-Kây-éL-éM-éN-Ô-Pêe-Queûe-àR-éSs-Têe-yÛ-Vêe-dúblyeŴ-éX-wŶe-Zéd/Zêe)
ábdomen
abdóminal
Âbe Abraham, Àbè Shinzo
Aberdêen
Aberfán *Áber-ván, per Welsh
áberrant *ábberant, or abérrant, cf. érrant
aberrâtion
Aberýstwýth
abét
abhŏr
abhórrent (h may be silent)
ábject cf. óbject, objéct
âble capable = Âbel person
abòut = a bòut boxing *əbòut
abòut-türn
abòve
abrǒad
ábscéss (-bsc-)
ábsèil cf. sâil
ábsence
ábsent, cf. in abséntia
absŏrb
absŏrption
abstâin
absténtion
ábstinence
abstrûse -ss
abûse noun, -ss; verb, -z
abúzz
abýsmal -zməl
abýss
ácadême
acadêmia
académic
acádemy
accêde accession ≈ excêed more
accélerate əx-, cf. excél, éxcellent
áccent áx-
accéntuate -x-
accépt receive əx-, cf. excépt exception íx- (minimal pair)
accéptable
áccess noun *áxéss, cf. áxis centre (minimal pair), áxes axe *axiz
accéss verb *əxéss, cf. excéss, *ixéss (minimal pair)
áccident áx-
accidéntally áx-
acclâim = a clâim
áccolade
accómmodate: two c's and two m's
accòmpaniment
accòmpany
accòmplíce person BrE; AmE accómplíce
accòmplísh achieve BrE; AmE accómplísh
accoûtrement
Accrà
accrédited
accrûe cf. acróss
accürsed *accürsid
âce
acërbic cf. ascertâin
âche *âke
achìêve
acknówledge *əc-nólij
ácmê
ácnê
ácolŷte
acquiésce *ákwì-éss, cf. quiéscent *kwì-éssent, quîet *kwîət
acquîre *aquîre
acquít
âcreage *âkerage
ácrimony
ácronym
Acrópolis
acróss cf. accrûe
áctual *ákchəl
ácûmen *ákyəmən, cf. áccurate *ákyərət
ácupuncture
ádage
adàgio -jô
adaptâtion, cf. adóption
ádd more = ád advertisement
Áddis Ábaba
ádditive
addíctive
addréss BrE = a dréss; AmE áddress
Adéle
Âden Yemen = Âidan person
adhêre (d and h pronounced separately)
adhêsive (d and h pronounced separately)
ád hóc, two words
ád infinîtum, cf. ínfinite, infínitive
ádjective cf. ejécted
adjöurn
adjúst *ajúst
admínistrate
administrâtion
admínistrative; some AmE administrâtive
admîre
ádmirable *ádmrbl
ád nåusêám (-ziám) or pronounced, but not spelt *ád nåusêum (-ziəm)
adôbê
Ádolf = Ádolph; some AmE: Âdolf
adóption
adrénalín, adrénaline
*adréss addréss
ádult BrE; AmE adúlt
adúltery
advānce
ádvent
advénture
ádversary -vəsrỳ or advërsary
ádvërt
ádvertise pronounced, but never spelt -îze
ádvertîsement AmE *ádvertîzemənt, like the verb, above
advërtísement BrE *ədvërtíssmənt
advîce noun -ss
advîse verb pronounced but never spelt -îze
advîser = advîsor (alternatives)
ádze, ádz tool = áds adverts
Aêgêan *Êjêən
ãerial air = Ãriel person
ãerie bird = ãiry light and = variant spellings of bird: ãerie = éyrie = éyry
ãeroplane BrE; AmE ãirplane
Aêschylus BrE; AmE Êschylus *Êeskiləss
aêsthétics AmE ê-
afféct alter cf. efféct result í- or = afféct
áffect emotion
afféctive emotional cf. efféctive resultant
áffidâvit
áffluent
affrònt cf. effròntery
Afghánistān Áf-gán- (-wán-, -hán- -wàn-, etc. are local pronunciations)
Áfghán cf. Áfrican -ən
aficionàdo -físh- or -físsy-
afrâid
afrésh anew (adverb) = a frésh
África
Afrikàans -ànce
Afrikàner
āfter
āfterthŏught -åwt, one word
āfterward AmE, BrE āfterwards
āfterwörd preface
again, against: both have -én, but for some speakers there is a regular spelling pronunciation: agâin, agâinst
agâpe gaping
ágapê eros
ággravate
aggréssion
aggriêved
âge cf. édge: Francophones beware
âged: as in âged 20, pronounced *âyjd; when meaning old before a noun (an âged mán), *âyjíd
âgeing (BrE), âging (AmE), *âjing
âgeist *âjist
âge-ôld hyphenated
ágîle
agô
ágora
ágriculture
àh response ≈ àaah sentiment ≈ àaargh disgust (in the latter cases more a's may be added)
ahà
ahem: schwas
Àhmad Jamál
âid help = âide assistant; Âids or ÂIDS disease = âids, âides plurals
Âids or ÂIDS disease = âids, âides plurals
ãir breathe = Ãyr Scotland = ére before = é’er ever = héir estate = Éyre Jane = Ãire river; AmE ãir = AmE érr, cf. BrE ërr *üh
ãiry light = all four spellings of éyrie = éyry = ãerie = ãery bird, cf. êerie strange
aîsle walking space = îsle island
Âix France = âches ache
aj-: most words that sound as if they start like this actually have adj-
Ajáccio *Azháxio
Àjáx Amsterdam *Àyáx
Âjáx person
áka or ákà (can be capitals), acronym of ålso knôwn as
Ál Alan, etc. cf. åll total
Ál Arabic may be hyphenated to following capital-letter word in Arabic name; may also be ál
à là (à la)
Alabáma (Á): one m, cf. Montána, Louisiána
Aláddin
Álan (usually a given name) = Állen (usually a surname) = Állan (least common)
alás
Álawite
Albânia (Á)
Ålbany
albêdo
albêit *åll bê ít, cf. sô bê ít
Álbert
albìno
Álbion
Albuquërquê *Álbə-kïrky
Aldébaran
Åldwých *åll dwítch
âle beer = âil ailing
Álfa Romèo, cf. álpha, Rômêo
Álfred
álgaê *áljê or *álgy
Algàrve
álgorithm rhymes with rhýthm
Áli = Álly = Álley = álley walk, although Muhámmad Alì boxer is often pronounced *Àh-lêe; cf. állŷ *állîe friend
âlias *âlius, cf. Alîas Don
álibî
Álíce = Álliss
âlien
alienâtion
alîgn = a lîne, cf. állŷ friend, állêy way
alîgned *allîned, cf. állied
Álison = Állison, probably the former more common as given name, the latter as family name
Álistair = Álastair
alîve
åll every = åwl tool, cf. Ál name
allegâtions *allogations
allége cf. lédge, etc.
alléged *aléjd
allégedly *aléjidly
allêle
allelûia or allelûja or allelûya
állêy path = Áli person, cf. állŷ
allîance
álligâtor
allót assign = a lót much; cf. Állott
åll-òut total before noun needs hyphen
allòwed permitted = alòud heard
álloy
åll-stàr is an adjective, so needs hyphen
allûde əl-, cf. elûde, əl- or íl-
allûsion, əl-, cf. illûsion, íl-
állŷ friend, cf. Álly = Álì = állêy
allŷ verb = a lîe, cf. alîgn = a lîne
ålmanac
àlmond *àhmənd
ålmost
àlms gift = BrE àrms body, weapons
álôe
alône
alóngsîde one word
a lót many = allót assign (*alót)
a lót of many (*əlótəv)
alòud audible = allòwed permitted
Aloýsius *Aləwíshəss
ál-Qàêda (or Ál-; also minus hyphen) *ál-Kŷda (rarely does one hear an anglophone sound or suggest the glottal stop that is present in the Arabic: *álkà-êda)
alréady before = åll réady ready
alrîght = åll rîght: the single-word form presumably arose by analogy with alréady and ålways, but it is widely regarded as unacceptable: does it mean all correct, or satisfactory? "Their answers were alright" would appear to be an incorrect rendering of "their answers were all right/all correct", but it may merely mean "their answers were acceptable", and it is this needless ambiguity that gains the one-word version its detractors
Alsâtian
ålso
ålt-
ålter change = åltar church
álter êgo
*altêrior ultêrior
altërnate BrE; AmE ålternate adjective
ålternâte verb
altërnatíve
althôugh *åll-dhô
álto
áltruism
alumínium BrE; AmE alûminum
alúmnus
alvêolar
ålways ever cf. áll wâys methods, styles
Álzheîmer's is probably the most common British pronunciation, Å- ditto in AmE; also, À-
ám be
âm morning (ante meridian) *â-ém = a.m. (lower case)
amanuénsis, cf. Emmánuel
ámateur *ámətər; AmE can be amateûr
amâze
Ámazon
ambássador cf. émbassy
ámbergrìs BrE, AmE ámbergrís; s may be silent
ámbiance
ámbient
ambíguous
ambigûity
ambítious *ámbíshəss
amén BrE à, AmE â
amênable
aménd cf. comménd
aménds make = eménds alters
amênity, AmE also aménity
âmìable cf. âim
ámícable
amíss awry, cf. Âmíss, Âmís names
Ammàn
ammunítion *ámyù-níshən
amnêsia
ámnesty
amók cf. amúck, same meaning
amòng
amòunt
an *ən: version of a before a consonant
anáchronism -nákr-
ânal
ánalŷse verb *ánnəlîze
ánalŷses verb and análysês noun *ənáləssêez are homographs; the first is the third person singular present tense of the verb (above), the second the plural of the noun (below)
análysis noun *ənáləssís
ánalýst
anàrchic -kik
ánarchist -kist
ánarchy *ánə(r)kỳ
anáthema
áncestor
ánchor -nk-
ánchovy -ntsh-
âncient
áncillãry AmE, BrE ancíllary
and *ənd, sometimes ánd for emphasis = & (the ampersand, always unstressed and used in proprietory names, show business acts, etc.)
Andalucìa (some say -thìa in imitation of the European Spanish pronunciation)
andántè
Ándês
Andêan
Ándhra Pradésh
ánd ŏr ('and/or') is nowadays spoken and can be sometimes seen without the stroke inbetween
Andórra BrE, AmE -ŏrr-, cf. Pandŏra
Ándrêa (first of three syllables stressed) is an English girl's name; Andrèa (second of three) is a German boy's name; both end in schwa: -ə
Andrómeda
Ándreŵ
anémonê *an-émeny, cf. an énemy
Ánerley
aneŵ afresh (adverb) = a neŵ
ângel *ânjəl, cf. ángle
Ángela
Ángelô = Ángelôu Maya, though Ángeloû is very common
ánger BrE *áng-gə
angîna *án-jînə
ángle hard g, cf. ângel *âynjl
Ánglia
ánglophone
Ánglo-Sáxon
Angôla
ángry *áng-gry
ángst
Anguílla -gwí-
Anguíllan -gwí-
ánimè
ánimus cf. ûnánimous
áníse cf. Álíce (minimal pair)
Anìta Ànand
Ánkara
*ánker is a misspelling of ánchor
ánkle
ánnals cf. ánalyst
Ánnan: second a as schwa, rhymes with cánnon, making a minimal pair with Árran (but widely mispronounced with the stress on the second syllable, perhaps by analogy with Ammàn)[2]
annéx verb
ánnex or ánnexe noun
annîhilate *annîəlâte
annúl cf. ánnal
anŏint cf. annòunce
anómaly
anón soon = anón. anonymous
ánonýmity
anónymous
anoréxia
anòther one word
ānswer, silent w: BrE *ànsə, AmE *ánsr
antágonîse, -ísm, -íst
Antananarìvo *Antána-narìvo
Antàrctica: first c can be silent
ántê- before = BrE ántì against
anténna
anténnaê BrE = AmE anténnê, though some BrE speakers, perhaps recalling school Latin, say -nàê (-nî)
Ánthony usual = Ántony Mark, -tə-
ántì BrE (AmE ántî) against = ántê- before; prô and ánti are always hyphenated to a following word they modify: prô-wår and ánti-wår
antibiótic
ántícs
ántidote
antimacássar
Antìgua *Án-têegə
antípodês
antìque *án-têek
antirrhînum *antirŷnum
antisemític, anti-Semític anti-Jewish (euphemism? "Semitic" refers to a language group that includes Arabic and Amharic as well as Israel's Hebrew)
antisémitism (or anti-Sémitism, but what, then, is 'Semitism'?)
Ántón, cf. Ánthony, Ántony
anxîety *angzîəty
ánxious *ángkshəss or *ángshəss
any some *énny makes a minimal pair with Ánnie person
anybody *énnybódy one word
any mŏre, anymŏre *énny-mŏre: the one-word form, restricted to the meaning no longer, is American English: ít dòesn't mátter anymŏre
anyone anybody *énnywún, one word; otherwise two: any òne îtem, where òne is a numeral: cf. any thrêe óptions
anyway despite one word, cf. where wây is a noun: any wây yoû loòk at ít, dôn't chânge ít ín any wây
ãorist
apâce fast = a pâce step
apàrt separate = a pàrt section, hence apàrt from and a pàrt of
apàrtheîd -tîte or apàrthèid -tâte
apéritìf either stressed
aphêlion *əfêliən, *əp-hêliən
âphid
apìêce each one word = a pìêce part
aplénty
aplómb *əplóm
apócalypse
apócryphal, cf. êpoch -óc, crýpt
ápogêe -jì
apólogîse verb
apólogíes plural noun
*apón upón
apóstasy
apóstate
apóstle
apóstrophê
ápp, abbreviation of applicátion; there is also a surname Ápps
appål; AmE can be appåll
Appalâchia -sh- or -ch-; or Appaláchia -ch- (though Delius pronounced it, and his musical work, *Appalàkia)
appålling
apparátchik
ápparâtus BrE either stressed (to children it can sound plural, ‘apperators’, like óperators); AmE apparátus
appárel
appárent
appêar
appêasement
appêaser
applåuse
*appôse oppôse
ápposíte
apprôpriate adjective, apprôpriâte verb
approval -prû-
approve -prû-
âpricot
à priŏrî two words
àpriŏrísm one word
apropôs *ápropô
Aquãrius
aquátic
áqueduct
áqueous
Áquila
*aquîre acquîre
A&R *ayənàr
ár- BrE is ãr- for some AmE speakers: ãrrogant, etc.
Árab adjective, person, some AmE Ãrab
Arâbian adjective
Árabic language, some AmE Ãrabic
árable
àrbíter
àrbítrary
àrc circle = Àrk Noah = Àrc Joan
àrced arc *àrkt
àrch, ch sound, *àrtsh, unlike most of the following (the exceptions being the versions with bíshop and dêacon)
archâíc *àrkâyíc
archângel àrk-
archbíshop àrtch-
archdêacon àrtch-
archeólogy àrk-
Archimêdês Àrk-
archipélago àrk-
àrchitect àrk-
àrchive *àrkîve
àrchivist *àrkîvist, *àrkəvist
arcmínute, arcsécond both one word
Àrctic
àre BrE = àh; BrE weak form = a weak form *ə; AmE weak form *r
ãrêa space *ãrêə makes a minimal pair with ària song
arêna
Àrês Mars, or = Ãríes/Ãriês Ram, both -z
Argentìna, Àrgentîne, Argentínian = Argentínean Àrj-
àrgil clay, soft g
argot slang = Àrgo ship
àrgue
àrgument
Argŷll Scotland = Argŷle elsewhere, hard g
ària opera cf. ãrea space
Ãrian Arius, Aries = Ãryan race
Ariàna
Àriàna Grànde AmE; BrE Áriàna Grándè
Ariáne
árid
Ãríes -ríz
áristocrát BrE; AmE arístocrát
aristocrátic
Aristóphanês
Áristótle
Àrk Noah = àrc circle = Àrc Joan
Àrkansas BrE -såw, AmE -sà
aròund = a ròund
arrâign = a râin
arrêars
arrést
arrhýthmic
àrsenal *àrssnəl
àrsenic *àrssníc
àrson
àrt artist = Àrt Arthur
àrt déco or Àrt Déco (may retain French accent on é)
àrtefact BrE; AmE àrtifact
artêsian well *àrtêzhən
artifícial -shəl
artisán art *àrtizán
àrtist art
artìste stage
Ãryan race = Ãrian heresy, Aries
asbéstós
ascénd: derived words can be spelt with either a or e:
ascéndance or ascéndence
ascéndancy or ascéndency
ascéndant or ascéndent
ascént climb = assént agree
ascertâin cf. acërbic
Áscot
ÁSEAN or Ásean association *Ássián, cf. Âsian Asia, *Âyzhən
Áshlêy = Áshlêigh
Âsia *Âsha or *Âzha
ásinine áss-
askānce
áspartâme or aspàrtâme
Ásperger's
*áspéstóss asbéstos
ásphalt
asphýxiate
áspirin medicine -spr-, cf. aspîring aspire
Ássád, first syllable stressed, making a minimal pair with ácid
Assànge Julian -ànzh
assássin has four s’s
assént agree = ascént climb
asséss
ássét
assîgn *əssîne = a sîgn
assignâtion *ássíg-nâtion
assîgnment *əssînemənt
assuâge *əsswâge
assûme *əssyûme
assûre AmE -shûre, BrE –shůre
ásterisk
ásterism
Ásterix
ásthma *ássma
asúnder
as wéll two words
asŷlum
âte AmE; BrE *ét
âthêíst cf. aesthétic
at lêast two words
átmosphêre
atmosphéric
átóll, some AmE âtóll
atône
âtrium
atrôcious -shəss
atrócity
áttaboy one word
attáchè -áshây
attácks = a táx
atténtion *əténshən makes a minimal pair with ténsion
Attíla *Atílla
*attône: atône
attörney
attríbutable
áttribute noun
Auchinleck *Ókhinleck, *Áffleck
Åuckland
auctionêer åukshə-
åudio
auditǒrium
augmént
åugur = Åuger
åugury
augúst revered
Åugust month
Åuld Láng Sŷne (from Robert Burns, Scots, "Old Long Since") or ...*Zŷne
Àùng Sán Sûu Kyìi *Òwng Sán Sûe Chêe
āunt uncle AmE = ánt insect
au fâit *ô-fây
au fónd *ô-fón, French nasal -ón
au pãir, ôp-
åural ear = ŏral mouth, by a coincidence of Latin, though the first may be pronounced àùral (*òwral) to distinguish it
Aus Australia = Óz Wizard
Àùschwitz *Òushvíts
åuspices
Aussie Australasian -z- = Óssy = Óssie persons
Austen Jane = Austin car, Texas Ó-
Austrâlia Ó-
Austria Ó-
åutarchy sovereignty = åutarky self-sufficiency
authóritative BrE; AmE authŏritâtive
authórity
åutism
àùtobàhn
åutomobìle
åutumn silent n
autúmnal, n sounded
avâil = a vèil
ávalānche
ávant-gàrde (gàrde = guàrd) hyphenated
avénge
avërt
Áviemore
avocàdo
avŏid
avoirdupŏis *ávədə-pŏiz
aẁash with = a ẁash
awây gone, going = a wây method, route = awêigh anchors
åwe amaze = BrE ŏr, etc.
awêigh anchors = awây go
åwesome
åwestruck
åwful
awhîle adverb = a whîle noun; the one-word form is often used incorrectly, as it can only be used after a verb, not after a preposition (ín, āfter, fŏr etc.); compare: línger awhîle, stây awhîle with stây for a whîle, hê'll bè hêre ín a whîle, for a shŏrt whîle, ít háppened a whîle báck, ít's bêen a whîle
åwkward *åwquəd
åwl tool = åll total
âwol, ÂWOL
awrŷ *ərî
áxe chop BrE; AmE áx = ácts act (the plurals of áxe/áx and áxis have the same spelling, but different pronunciations, as follows)
áxes axe -íz
áxês axis -êz, cf. áccess
áxis spin -íss
áxle car = Áxel person
Áxminster
aŷe yes = eŷe see = Î me
*Âyman Eâmonn, cf. Hâyman
Ãyr Scotland = ãir breathe
Ãyrshire
Azerbaijàn Ázerbaî-jàn
Azéri
ázure -zh-
References
- ↑ Abba win 'Eurovision 50th' vote BBC News, 23 October 2005. Retrieved 1 August 2007.
- ↑ Crossette, Barbara. New U.N. Chief Promises Reforms but Says He Won't Cut Jobs, New York Times, 10 January 1997. Retrieved on 25 February 2008.