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...oposed it as a new branch of knowledge that would include a new science of probability. The modern multi-disciplinary and cross-cultural discipline of futurology,

monitored by a single-try discriminator. The probability of this sequence being generated accidentally is vanishingly small. If it i

..., they request random pieces of the content file. Randomness increases the probability that more than one client will have the file, such that the work is spread

...Asking multiple questions from one level of difficulty greatly reduces the probability of a misleading answer, and allowing the range to grow beyond the assumed s ...r the intersection of every concept and every question. Then, conditional probability values have to be calculated to reflect the likelihood that a student who i

...nd include making one's signal hard to detect and thus attack (i.e., [[low probability of intercept]], rapidly changing frequencies (i.e., [[frequency agility]])

{{r|Probability blindness}}

...Peter Winkler | title=Three Thresholds for a Liar | journal=Combinatorics, Probability and Computing | year=1992 | volume=1 | pages=81–93 ([http://math.dartmout

...hat of the costs and benefits of each effect, weighted by their estimated probability of occurrence, and discounted using the estimated time preference rates of ...of global warming) of assessing the value of a "worst case scenario" when probability estimates are not available.

...that, independent of the system and the identity of its constituents, the probability P(k) that a vertex in the network interacts with k other vertices decays as

...">{{cite journal |author=Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Brookmeyer R, ''et al'' |title=Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-dis

...low probability event for any given iron nucleus; absorbing three is a low probability to the third power. If it does happen, it results in iron-59 which beta dec ...aptures with an intervening beta decay after the third. It is a very small probability event in concept; I don’t know what it is in practice."

...ly a few bursts. If used in a dogfight, however, there was a very high hit probability due to the large number of rounds fired.

...tical physics]], accept moves that reduce the quality of the solution with probability <math>e^{-\frac{(E-E_0)}{k_B t}}</math>. Some simulated annealing algorithm ...t can cut at most all the edges, and secondly, every edge will be cut with probability 1/2, so on average half of the edges will be cut.

...Wittgenstein also influenced the logical positivists' interpretation of [[probability]]. *[[Ernest Nagel]], ''Principles of the theory of probability'', 1939, vol.1 n.6

...) will be radioactive and unstable. The greater the ratio, the greater the probability that the element will be radioactive.

#Broemeling, L.D. "Studies in the history of probability and statistics: Semmelweis and childbed fever. A statistical analysis 147

...fission in turn. If the [[probability]] of neutron absorption exceeds the probability of neutron escape (a [[function (mathematics)|function]] of the [[shape]] a

...ing what has since become known as the ''"logical-relationist"'' theory of probability.

...tive judgements of such matters as time and distance, their judgements of probability are almost invariably wrong. Nevertheless, such judgements are often accept ...e than their expected value, as calculated by multiplying the prize by the probability of winning). The "certainty effect"

where ''N'' is a ''normalization factor'' adjusted to make the probability of finding an electron somewhere unity. The vector parameter '''k''' is the

===Low probability of intercept radar=== | title = Low Probability of Intercept Radar

...ssessment of risk is possible only on the basis of an assumption about the probability distribution of the relevant variables, and the assumption made in the risk

...%. This study noted that additional testing is necessary when the clinical probability is inconsistent with the imaging results.<ref name="pmid16738268">{{cite jo

...o have any value for guidance. The conception of an objectively measurable probability or chance is simply inapplicable."<ref>[http://www.econlib.org/library/Knig ...ee: How to understand it'', The Quality Toolbook, 2007]</ref> to produce a probability estimate for each of the range of possible outcomes, enabling the values of

...age for small losses is optimal if policyholder's effort can mitigate loss probability.

...e severity of a patient's condition, the resources that are available, the probability that a given set of resources will produce a desirable outcome, and the ove

...if the units in the model are neurons the activation could represent the [[probability]] that the neuron would generate an [[action potential]] spike. If the mod ...example, in a [[Boltzmann machine]], the activation is interpreted as the probability of generating an action potential spike, and it's determined via a [[logist

...pke]] proposed starting in 1959, and on the philosophical foundations of [[probability]] and [[Inductive reasoning|induction]] (Carnap 1950, 1952). ...rinciple]]. His writings on [[thermodynamics]] and on the foundations of [[probability]] and [[Inductive reasoning|induction]], were published posthumously as Car

...bution system, receivers, and signal analyzers. These allow exploiting low probability of intercept signals, with intercept protection such as frequency agility a

...nical terms, "random" means that every person in a population has the same probability of being selected for the treatment group; "statistically identical" means

...ata, but it sets up quasi-connections with a guarantee of latency and loss probability. <ref name=RFC2208>{{citation

*Probability and Statistics

===Probability scoring=== ...anaging suspected pulmonary embolism using an algorithm combining clinical probability, D-dimer testing, and computed tomography |journal=JAMA |volume=295 |issue=

<!-- My personal view is close to the Ghirardi/Weber model; I think the probability wave collapses when it has a non-reversible effect in the 'macro' world - o ** Born's probability

...low probability event for any given iron nucleus; absorbing three is a low probability to the third power. If it does happen, it results in iron-59 which beta dec ...aptures with an intervening beta decay after the third. It is a very small probability event in concept; I don’t know what it is in practice.

...remarkable trinity. It is composed of passion and violence; of chance and probability, and of "its element of subordination, as an instrument of policy." Clause

...nsity is at the point between eternal expansion and eventual collapse. The probability of such a situation, being at that very small point between the two alterna

Ideally, this cost is then weighted by the probability of outage. the probability of the outage.

...media are talking about a slow-down and higher interest rates. There is a probability that John might not be able to get the full $150,000 he is expecting in thr

...ombined to get additional desirable traits &mdash; a balanced S-box (equal probability of 0 and 1 output), miniumum correlation among output bits, and high overal

The probability of fission occurring depends on the type of fissile nucleus and the collidi

...0.5×10⁹. No amount of further inquiry will raise or lower that probability; there is no difference in the state of a uranium atom which results in alp

...to adequately diagnose or exclude influenza in some patients. The pretest probability has a strong seasonal variation; the current prevalence of influenza among * Elderly patients if the probability of influenza is over 14%<ref name="pimd12965940"/>

...h J | title = Derivation of a simple clinical model to categorize patients probability of pulmonary embolism: increasing the models utility with the SimpliRED D-d # Being able to estimate the post-test probability of disease by having all the necessary information to do this: [[sensitivit

the high probability of [[homoplasy]]. In molecular ecological analyses it is assumed that when

...d this as "That’s where we’re taking advantage of the secure anti-jam, low probability detection satellite communications off of things like the Transformation Sa

...ey matter density (GMD) or grey matter concentration (GMC), or grey matter probability (GMP). ...95}. This means that a deviation from normal gyrification rates has a high probability to indicate a brain disorder. As a result, a number of reports have been pu

...ity models to model the uncertainty of the spoken input. The most popular probability model is use of HMM (Hidden Markov Model) is shown below. <br /> ...W) is the a-priori probability of a particular word string, p(Yt|W) is the probability of the observed acoustic data given the acoustic models, and W is the hypot

Furthermore, embryos that activated the 11 genes studied had a far greater probability of maturing to normal birth:<blockquote>Analysis of expression of the Oct4-

...to attach an unambiguous meaning to the view sometimes expressed that the probability of the occurrence of certain atomic processes in the body might be under th

|+ The probability of an infiltrate based on the number of findings.<ref name="pmid17853631">{ *5 findings - 84% to 91% probability

...tion was 11 and 14 per cent, respectively (not significant). The five-year probability of remaining alive and free of infarction was 82 per cent in the patients a

...destruction|weapon of mass destruction &mdash; and there has been a small probability of such an occurrence for some time &mdash; the United States must now act

Pascal's triangle has applications in [[algebra]] and in [[Probability theory|probabilities]]. We can use it to compute the [[Fibonacci number]]s ...ts then known about the triangle, and employed them to solve problems in [[Probability theory|probabilities]]. The triangle was later named after Pascal by [[Pier

...etween the second fundamental law of the mechanical theory of heat and the probability calculus with respect to the theorems of heat equilibrium] Wiener Berichte ...e |''m''&rang;. As is usual for probabilities, they are [[Normalisation (probability)|normalized]] to unity,

...open to question. Still, future airborne radar using AESA will have lower probability of intercept, and a variety of high-value aircraft, including intelligence

...than others; some of these definitions may use [[mathematical model]]s of probability. For the most part this discussion of logic deals only with deductive logi ...1. [[Bayesian probability]] can be interpreted as a system of logic where probability is the subjective truth value.

...prolonged membrane rupture, and fever during labor (>100.4°F) increase the probability of passing along colonization. Colonization in the baby can occur while the ...s Fahrenheit), or premature rupture of the amniotic fluid, indicate a high probability of S. agalactiae colonization. <ref name=cdc/>. The screening-based method

...y and plasticity of [[materials science|materials]], [[statistics]], and [[probability]] among other fields of [[applied science]]. Her lifetime contributions to ...Institute of Applied Mathematics. Her work at this time was on statistics, probability theory, and also on the mathematical theory of plasticity. She submitted a

...biased output bits (so that the probability of a one is different than the probability of a zero), or bits which are correlated with each other.| Goldwasser & Bel

...riefed the President, Vice President, and National Security Adviser on the probability of al-Qaeda's nuclear program, saying they probably did not have one but co

...itive [[Very Large Array]], such a signal could not be detected, and the [[probability]] that a signal below the Very Large Array level could be detected by the B

* {{search link|probalibity||ns0|ns14|ns100}} (probability)

...predict at what angle a certain photon will go. All we can predict is the probability of photons to go a certain direction, which will generate an even intensity

...ny divisors will it have altogether, and with what likelihood? What is the probability that it have many more or many fewer divisors or prime divisors than the av ...that probabilistic combinatorics uses the fact that whatever happens with probability greater than <math>0</math> must happen sometimes; one may say with equal j

...terly'' 32 (i), 1982, p. 160</ref> Therefore women called Arne were in all probability (ruling?) inhabitants of these cities or descendants of their archaic popul

...ero spin is given, together with their sensitivity (which basically is the probability of a spin transition).

...What if a pregnant woman ingests substances known, or known to have a high probability, of inducing fetal malformation?

...Proceedings of the Second Berkeley Seminar on Mathematical Statistics and Probability'' University of California Press 1951</ref> have further developed the char

...electron (red arrow) is drawn in one orbital, but in reality is with equal probability in all the orbitals of the same energy.}}

...nits or bundles called ''quanta''. Quantum theory typically permits only [[probability | probable]] or [[statistics | statistical]] calculation of the observed fe

...bital|orbital]]', strictly a mathematical '[[wavefunction]]' that gave the probability of the electron's location everywhere in the space around the nucleus. The ...-parallel spin per electron pair per orbital. Nevertheless, the electrons’ probability of localization between the atom pairs of the covalent bond continues to re

...hose genes also influence eye and skin color, and the color of hoofs, the probability of white markings like socks, snipes, and blazes, accuracy of that predicti

...ons existed in the past. Instead, one can argue on theoretical grounds the probability of Shakespeare being written during random typing by monkeys, without regar ...roponents argue that, for such features, it is legitimate to calculate the probability of their occurrence according to the conditional probabilities of occurrenc

...emphasized the delivery of nuclear weapons, with a 750 foot circular error probability (CEP). A 750 foot CEP is not an issue with a nuclear weapon, but it is far

...nterconnected, moving data across the Internet in a way that increases the probability of successful transit. There are two types of routing schemes. [[Virtual ci

===Probability scoring for lower extremity DVT=== ..., Anderson DR, Bormanis J, ''et al'' |title=Value of assessment of pretest probability of deep-vein thrombosis in clinical management |journal=Lancet |volume=350

...are converted to launcher-relative azimuth and elevation for the best hit probability, and then sent to the battery by wired or wireless communications. The firi

...l assets are random variations which could be represented by established [[probability distribution]]s. It was not until the [[crash of 2008]] that it was widely

...analysis of message content, looking for words and phrases that have high probability as spam indicators, and looking for abnormalities in the message headers, u

...after editing, a redirect by the other author led to an edit conflict. The probability of that timing sequence seems remote! [[User:Howard C. Berkowitz|Howard C.

...' provides independent assessments, in the form of credit ratings, of the probability of default of companies, governments and the providers of a wide range of f

...ause over long time intervals and with large numbers of organisms many low probability HGT events are certain to have actually occurred.

...ity from all over the world, the persistence of the Soviet threat, and the probability that the Western countries would face a growing tendency toward conflict ar

...was used by Rand Experts when they were asked to give their opinion on the probability, frequency and intensity of possible enemy attacks. Other experts could ano

...‘L. pneumophila’’ and other legionnaire’s disease causing bacteria. A high probability of an outbreak currently exists in Switzerland. This research shows that th

...Christiaan made his first visit to Paris, where he learned of the work on probability carried out by [[Blaise Pascal]] and [[Pierre de Fermat]]. On his return to

...vities. Governmental regulations in a good many countries require that the probability of such accidental releases be analyzed and their quantitative impact upon

...vities. Governmental regulations in a good many countries require that the probability of such accidental releases be analyzed and their quantitative impact upon

...studies of women who checked cervical mucus daily have indicated that "the probability of most fertile type mucus by day of the menstrual cycle increased from val

{{cite book |title=Research developments in probability and statistics: Festschrift in honor of Madan L. Puri on the occasion of hi

...An important field in applied mathematics is [[statistics]], which uses [[probability theory]] as a tool and allows the description, analysis, and prediction of ...• [[Numerical analysis]] • [[Optimization (mathematics)|Optimization]] • [[Probability]] • [[Statistics]] • [[Mathematical economics]] • [[Financial mathema

...pre-programming is affected by maternal obesity, and this can increase the probability of the offspring being obese when older.

...All of the islands and cays are also affected by [[hurricane]]s, with the probability of a strike increasing from the southeast to the northwest of the archipela

...ons and Interpretations of Life.] In: Popa R (ed.) ''Between Necessity and Probability: Searching for the Definition and Origin of Life.'' Berlin: Springer-Verlag

...strategy of defeat? They cannot be attributed to incompetence.…The laws of probability would dictate that part of…[the] decisions would serve the country’s in

...age of all biological entities end up as food for other organisms. The low probability of becoming fossilized is also due to aerobic decay, saprophytic and saproz

...process by which a stimulus strengthens a behavioural response so that the probability of response is increased when the stimulus is presented again.

...ncept is the [[ULR-21|AN/ULR-21 CLASSIC TROLL]] system that increases the probability of SIGINT intercept by 500%, supporting tactical and national requirements.

# [[Probability|Probabilistic]]: Bayesian systems weight probabilities rather than use bina ...Heckerman DE, Nathwani BN |title=Toward normative expert systems: Part II. Probability-based representations for efficient knowledge acquisition and inference |jo

...cast armor, etc.) can happen and that only a most generalized statement of probability can be made.

...iagnosis does not distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2 infection, except by probability. Confirming a diagnosis and clarifying the actual virus type involve requir

...">{{cite journal |author=Gray RH, Wawer MJ, Brookmeyer R, ''et al'' |title=Probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in monogamous, heterosexual, HIV-1-dis

...be treated as random variations, which could be represented by established probability distributions. It was not until the a [[crash of 2008]] that it was widely

...arious kinds of ''"metric"'' structures arising in functional analysis and probability theory (see for example Ben I. Y. et al. 2008). Such a reformulation is obt

...ivus|''Divi'']]. Worship might have included Divus Iulius, but with little probability, because the term ''flamen Divorum'' was introduced after Augustus' apotheo

...hich, when expressed somewhat more specifically, deals with the increasing probability that massive blood loss will produce "irreversible shock". A less quantitat

...ial of ways to describe test accuracy: the effect on physicians' post-test probability estimates |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=143 |issue=3 |pages=184–9 |u Improving physicians' probability judgments did not lead to improvements in clinical decision making in a con

...application of Phalanx, solid tungsten shot were used, to have the maximum probability of deflecting a large missile. RAM projectiles need far less force to defle

...that no particles can ever have an exact position ...Each atom exists as a probability function of space, which has a certain nonzero value everywhere in a given

...ssian distribution]], meaning that the pollutant distribution has a normal probability distribution. Gaussian models are most often used for predicting the disper

...ssian distribution]], meaning that the pollutant distribution has a normal probability distribution. Gaussian models are most often used for predicting the disper

...assets are random variations, which could be represented by established [[probability distribution]]s formed the basis of a range of widely accepted risk analysi ...ceptually possible to allow for those uncertainties by applying subjective probability weightings to each of what are conceived to be the possible outcomes, in or

It is now being investigating the probability of altering PIA production by altering the availability of NADH or NAD<sup>

....168.13.1423 |url= |issn=}}</ref> The nature of the chest pain affects the probability of underlying coronary disease.<ref name="pmid16304077">{{cite journal |aut ...440357">{{cite journal| author=Diamond GA, Forrester JS| title=Analysis of probability as an aid in the clinical diagnosis of coronary-artery disease. | journal=N

...Attacking a military installation, if bombs were limited, might lower the probability of destroying the most critical targets, in the interest of affecting a lar ...erences as "damage to concrete structures" and the requirement for a "high probability of cratering runways." He cited the "destructive and disruptive nature of

...or=Swensen SJ, Silverstein MD, Ilstrup DM, Schleck CD, Edell ES |title=The probability of malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules. Application to small radiologi

* Regarding missed diagnoses, "the probability was 2% or lower when the rule was applied only to patients for whom no caus

...understand the calculus, ordinary and partial differential equations, and probability theory have a way of seeing and understanding the world, including the biol ...ntegrating frequentist, Bayesian, subjective, fuzzy, and other theories of probability, or is an entirely new approach required?

...hanical interpretation is that the [[electron]]s are spread out in various probability distributions around the nucleus rather than actually orbiting it.

...things &mdash; because as conserved core processes they have the greatest probability of embryonic status.

...pact factor refers to the average number of citations per paper, and the [[probability distribution]] of that number is not [[Normal distribution|Gaussian]]. Most

...interests in contemporary debates on statistics led him to applications of probability methods in his 1860 papers on the dynamical theory of gases. The introducti

...interests in contemporary debates on statistics led him to applications of probability methods in his 1860 papers on the dynamical theory of gases. The introducti

Some IADS will mix systems in an IADS, either accepting a certain probability of Fratricide (military)|fratricide,<ref name=Press>{{citation

...é spectroscopic splitting factor. We use Boltzmann statistics to state the probability that a magnetic moment has this energy is proportional to exp(-E/k<sub>B</s

...ten expected a direction-finding fix to be a point, rather than an area of probability.

...importance, characterizing the known, and, with appropriate statements of probability, the future actions in those situations and by those entities. Known inform ...analysts prefer the middle-of-the-road explanation, rejecting high or low probability explanations. Analysts may use their own standard of proportionality as to

..._Lattice") and 48 folders (such as "Algebra", "Hahn_Banach", "Matrix" and "Probability"), about 900 theory files in the total.

...ncrease in the entropy of the universe. This can be understood in terms of probability. Consider a series of coin tosses. A perfectly ordered system would be one

...eight on the player's shoulder. Like the carnyx it is therefore and in all probability an instrument of Etruscan origin from the first period of hellenization.<re ...principle be postulated. However, the origin of the castanet is with high probability the Phoenician empire, since the instrument is known in many different musi

* Low bone mass (T-score between -1.0 and -2.5) and ≥ 3% 10-year hip fracture probability. This threshold was determined by a [[cost-benefit analysis]].<ref name="pm ...den A, Johansson H, McCloskey E| title=FRAX and the assessment of fracture probability in men and women from the UK. | journal=Osteoporos Int | year= 2008 | volum

...ion" ...In afarensis, the apish proportions were not so pronounced--in all probability the presumed ancestor spent less time in the trees than the purported desce

The spread between these two prices depends mainly on the probability and the timing of the takeover being completed.

...eight on the player's shoulder. Like the carnyx it is therefore and in all probability an instrument of Etruscan origin from the first period of hellenization.<re ...principle be postulated. However, the origin of the castanet is with high probability the Phoenician empire, since the instrument is known in many different musi

...and ineffective. In a later edition of his ''Essay,'' Malthus admitted the probability that "having found the bow bent too much one way, I was induced to bend it

:*Inherently [[low probability of intercept]]/detection (LPI/LPD) because off-the-shelf radios can be [[fr

...fic purposes (e.g., time series analysis, factor analysis, calculators for probability distributions, etc.), while others are general packages, with a variety of

...fic purposes (e.g., time series analysis, factor analysis, calculators for probability distributions, etc.), while others are general packages, with a variety of

Two [[clinical prediction rule]]s help predict the probability of cancer based on the level of the [[prostate-specific antigen]] and other

...e hash Alice sent. If they compare equal, then he knows (with overwhelming probability, though not with absolute certainty) that the message was received exactly ...es. If the two hash values are identical, then Bob knows with overwhelming probability that the document Alice signed and the document he received are identical.

...h is the one that nature selects.''” This, he points out, is a question of probability. “''The state that nature selects is the one that can be realized in more

...such as insect defoliation or drought. According to research studies, the probability of the loss of sugar maple crown vigor or the incidence of tree death incre

...such as insect defoliation or drought. According to research studies, the probability of the loss of sugar maple crown vigor or the incidence of tree death incre

A [[clinical prediction rule]] is available to estimate probability of nephropathy (increase =25% and/or =0.5 mg/dl in serum creatinine at 48 h

The probability of a bioterrorist attack against US civilian and military personnel oversea

...t that the whole community is "pretty small" so the "Deliverance syndrome" probability is pretty low!

* [[Circular error probability/Definition]]

...ing alone cannot be used to diagnose HIV, even if the test suggests a high probability that antibody to HIV-1 is present. In the United States, such ELISA results

...to attach an unambiguous meaning to the view sometimes expressed that the probability of the occurrence of certain atomic processes in the body might be under th

...eiver operating characteristic (ROC)'''. These parameters are sensitivity, probability of correct detection, false positive rate and response time. Ideally, the d

...of mathematics; in [[combinatorics]], and by extension in areas such as [[probability theory]] and the calculation of [[power series]]. Many expressions involvin

...g messengers, optical fiber networks, and line-of-sight laser or other low-probability-of-intercept technologies.

...yer to the seller, which is termed the [[CDS spread]], is a measure of the probability of default <ref>[http://www.dbresearch.com/PROD/DBR_INTERNET_DE-PROD/PROD00 ...e consequence of random fluctuations conforming to mathematically defined "probability distributions" that could be quantified by statistical analysis of availabl

...tain to have occurred even though each particular transfer event has a low probability.

...2-h/9662-h.htm#mnum46 |date=November 15, 2011}} See in particular §VI: Of probability, and §VII: Of the idea of necessary connection.

* [[Circular error probability/Related Articles]]

...corded, leading to a list of possible diagnoses. These will be in order of probability. The next task is to enlist the patient's agreement to a management plan, w

...atom and one waits a certain time interval, then quantum theory gives the probability that the atom has undergone the transformation of radioactive decay. Einst ...k on the paper strip. But, inasmuch as the theory yields only the relative probability of the thinkable coordinate-configurations, it also offers only relative pr

...fast neutrons which are liberated by fission processes, have a much lower probability to cause another fission than neutron which are slowed down after they have

...e'? Why does this statement remain outside the list of Borel's theorems in probability theory?

...ir data using the theory and methods of [[Statistics]], which arose from [[probability theory]]. Statistical analysis essentially involves methods for drawing con ...reas of science use these approaches. Bayesian statistics measures how the probability that a hypothesis is true changes as a result of observations, but it depen

* [[Template:Circular error probability/Metadata]]

...old Reuters that because of Russian support for the coup, "there is a high probability that the duration of the U.S. air base's presence in Kyrgyzstan will be sho

...to attach an unambiguous meaning to the view sometimes expressed that the probability of the occurrence of certain atomic processes in the body might be under th ...ects. A reinforcer is operationally defined as an event that increases the probability of a subsequent response, and drugs of abuse are considered to be much stro

...tain to have occurred even though each particular transfer event has a low probability.

...on in 1904. Taft met with the Emperor of [[Japan]], who alerted him of the probability of war with [[Russia]]. In 1906, Roosevelt sent troops to restore order in

...and unoccupied France, the registration of Jews for evacuation will in all probability proceed without great difficulty," but in fact the great majority of French

...radar can detect the target carrying the warning receiver. With newer low probability of intercept radar, the rules may change; some radars cannot be detected by

...nnan EL, Osler TM, Mukamel DB, Qian F et al.| title=The Surgical Mortality Probability Model: derivation and validation of a simple risk prediction rule for nonca The [[Revised Cardiac Risk Index]] (RCRI) can help estimate probability of cardiac complications.<ref name="pmid20048269">{{cite journal| author=Fo

...ir data using the theory and methods of [[Statistics]], which arose from [[probability theory]]. Statistical analysis essentially involves methods for drawing con ...reas of science use these approaches. Bayesian statistics measures how the probability that a hypothesis is true changes as a result of observations, but it depen

...with 83% of deaths at ages 15-59, and only 59% of deaths over age 70. The probability of death between birth and 15 years ranges from 22% in sub-Saharan Africa t

...in all metals, and happens in the fusion zone of a weld. To diminish the probability of this type of cracking, excess material restraint should be avoided, and

...ion schedules and vary frequencies if technically possible. Also see [[low probability of intercept]].

...cal agent. The usefulness of a biosignature is determined, not only by the probability of life creating it, but also by the improbability of nonbiological process

...tegic Bombing Survey that "certainly prior to 31 December 1945, and in all probability prior to 1 November 1945, Japan would have surrendered even if the atomic b

...erceived risk)|market assessment of default risk]], implying a 98 per cent probability of a Greek government [[default (finance)|default]]<ref>[http://www.bloombe

...ombined to get additional desirable traits &mdash; a balanced S-box (equal probability of 0 and 1 output), minimum correlation among output bits, and high overall

...s how altruism can arise amongst non-kin, as long as there is a sufficient probability of the recipient of the altruistic act reciprocating at a later date. The p

...osition of venom into the bite wound (envenomation) actually occurred. The probability of dry [[Snake (animal)bite|bites]] (no venom injected) in black mamba stri

Even though there is almost no probability of Presley being alive, it would not be an impossibility; Presley would be

...eliably reversible and are, therefore, chosen only by those who accept the probability that no future biological children can be conceived. These methods, include

...roblems facing the financial intermediaries|"value at risk"]] derived from probability analysis of previous experience.

...ved Communist expansion, some more reflexive than calmly assessed both for probability of success and for the significance that a success could have. Some Soviet

...59:1097-1103. </ref><ref>PA Wolf, RB D'Agostino, AJ Belanger and WB Kannel Probability of stroke: a risk profile from the Framingham Study. Stroke, Vol 22, 312-31

...n (autocannon)|20mm Oerlikon was the lightest weapon with significant kill probability.

...treated as random variations, which could be represented by established [[probability distribution]]s. The international financial industry made use of the model

...treated as random variations, which could be represented by established [[probability distribution]]s. The international financial industry made use of the model

...requency of an allele in the offspring generation will vary according to a probability distribution of the frequency of the allele in the parent generation. Thus,

...with Ogburn and Fosdick, agreeing that the French/Bao Dai option had a low probability of success. In an exchange of mixed metaphors, Butterworth responded to Fos

...nel from an uncontained engine failure. Prior to the United 232 crash, the probability of a simultaneous failure of all three hydraulic systems was considered as

...however, the individual should never be reassigned to courier duty, as the probability of that person having become known to counterintelligence is much higher.

...n, which can be improvised under Third World conditions, broke through the probability of needing the skills and materials for intravenous rehydration.

...ese security forces probably can control if the violence is sporadic. The probability of violence will depend on Prime Minister Forbes Burnham, leader of the Neg

...ects. A reinforcer is operationally defined as an event that increases the probability of a subsequent response, and drugs of abuse are considered to be much stro

:*Inherently low probability of intercept/detection (LPI/LPD) because off-the-shelf radios can be freque

...be proved or disproved with complete certainty does not make it equally [[probability|likely]] that God does or doesn't exist.<ref>"People say that, since the at

On 8 September, the CIA issued Intelligence Memorandum 324, Probability of Direct Chinese Communist Intervention in Korea, which assumed that the C

...reastcancer.org/cmn_who_indrisk.html | accessdate = 2007-03-11}}</ref> The probability of breast cancer rises with age, but breast cancer tends to be more aggress

:*Energy flows because probability ever drives concentrations of energy toward the more probable state of maxi

:*Energy flows because probability ever drives concentrations of energy toward the more probable state of maxi