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- ...tly dressed urban black who associated more with white culture. By 1837, ''Jim Crow'' was being used to refer to racial segregation in Vermont. ...hich took from 1 to 20 years to implement.<ref> Michael J. Klarman, ''From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality''26 KB (4,083 words) - 13:56, 9 February 2024
- 12 bytes (1 word) - 23:34, 3 November 2007
- * Barnes, Catherine A. ''Journey from Jim Crow: The Desegregation of Southern Transit'' , 1983. ...afe, William Henry, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad, eds. ''Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South'' (2003) [http:/8 KB (1,146 words) - 19:28, 2 October 2009
- 396 bytes (52 words) - 14:12, 9 February 2024
- ...Behavior in Jim Crow America] - A detailed article outlining the basics of Jim Crow etiquette. * [http://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/ Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia]1 KB (211 words) - 19:25, 2 October 2009
Page text matches
- ...Behavior in Jim Crow America] - A detailed article outlining the basics of Jim Crow etiquette. * [http://www.ferris.edu/jimcrow/ Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia]1 KB (211 words) - 19:25, 2 October 2009
- ...e]] is noted for its details description of the racism and misogyny of the Jim Crow South.277 bytes (42 words) - 11:28, 19 November 2023
- {{r|Jim Crow}}285 bytes (40 words) - 10:42, 27 December 2020
- ...ile=article&sid=6&mode=thread&order=0&thold=0 Welfare did what slavery and Jim Crow couldn't]753 bytes (112 words) - 08:49, 27 June 2008
- {{r|Jim Crow}}418 bytes (58 words) - 14:12, 9 February 2024
- {{r|Jim Crow}}221 bytes (30 words) - 16:01, 19 June 2009
- {{r|Jim Crow}}441 bytes (62 words) - 14:12, 9 February 2024
- * Barnes, Catherine A. ''Journey from Jim Crow: The Desegregation of Southern Transit'' , 1983. ...afe, William Henry, Raymond Gavins, and Robert Korstad, eds. ''Remembering Jim Crow: African Americans Tell About Life in the Segregated South'' (2003) [http:/8 KB (1,146 words) - 19:28, 2 October 2009
- {{r|Jim Crow}}697 bytes (93 words) - 18:56, 11 January 2010
- {{r|Jim Crow}}709 bytes (90 words) - 16:51, 22 March 2023
- {{r|Jim Crow}}753 bytes (107 words) - 13:15, 2 February 2023
- {{r|Jim Crow}}805 bytes (107 words) - 14:12, 9 February 2024
- ** Clark, Kathleen. "Who Made Jim Crow?" ''Reviews in American History'' 2001 29(2): 238-246. Issn: 0048-7511 Full1 KB (170 words) - 10:13, 24 January 2009
- {{r|Jim Crow}}1 KB (162 words) - 00:00, 8 March 2024
- {{r|Jim Crow}}1 KB (155 words) - 13:08, 9 August 2023
- ...honorary degrees. Martin Luther King, Jr. called ''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' "the historical bible of the civil rights movement." *''The Strange Career of Jim Crow'' (1955) [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]4 KB (658 words) - 23:51, 19 October 2013
- ...ring [[slavery in the United States]], as well as experiences during the [[Jim Crow era]] and subsequent discrimination.2 KB (284 words) - 23:22, 18 April 2008
- {{r|Jim Crow}}2 KB (266 words) - 14:24, 15 March 2024
- ...he world, but has seldom been more prevalent than it was during the U.S. [[Jim Crow]] era in its southern states. The vast majority of all U.S. lynchings (mor3 KB (472 words) - 07:32, 6 May 2024
- * Cartwright, Joseph H. ''The Triumph of Jim Crow: Tennessee’s Race Relations in the 1880s''. University of Tennessee Press3 KB (304 words) - 09:44, 11 June 2023
- ...were integrated in the early 1960s.<ref> William S. Osborn, "Curtains for Jim Crow: Law, Race, and the Texas Railroads," ''Southwestern Historical Quarterly''8 KB (1,284 words) - 00:27, 31 July 2023
- ...tly dressed urban black who associated more with white culture. By 1837, ''Jim Crow'' was being used to refer to racial segregation in Vermont. ...hich took from 1 to 20 years to implement.<ref> Michael J. Klarman, ''From Jim Crow to Civil Rights: The Supreme Court and the Struggle for Racial Equality''26 KB (4,083 words) - 13:56, 9 February 2024
- ==Jim Crow Era: 1877-1954== see also [[Jim Crow]]26 KB (3,627 words) - 14:39, 9 February 2024
- ...ivil War|disfranchised most of South Carolina's black men]] and required [[Jim Crow law]]s. As Tillman proudly proclaimed in 1900, "We have done our level best4 KB (615 words) - 10:07, 6 August 2023
- ==Age of Jim Crow, 1877-1954== {{see also|Jim Crow}}16 KB (2,397 words) - 14:39, 9 February 2024
- * Gilmore; Glenda Elizabeth. ''Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920'' U * Gilmore; Glenda Elizabeth. ''Gender and Jim Crow: Women and the Politics of White Supremacy in North Carolina, 1896-1920'' U13 KB (1,932 words) - 23:52, 14 September 2013
- * [[Jim Crow laws]]6 KB (837 words) - 16:50, 22 March 2023
- ...Redeemers replaced the [[civil rights]] reforms of [[Reconstruction]] with Jim Crow laws that legalized racial segregation in public places. The Redeemers elim ...ed the activists in the [[Civil Rights Movement]] who fought to overturn [[Jim Crow]] segregation the "new abolitionists." Zinn, however, did not use the term12 KB (1,779 words) - 14:33, 9 February 2024
- in Jane Dailey, Glenda Elizabeth Gilmore, and Bryant Simon, eds. ''Jumpin' Jim Crow: Southern Politics from Civil War to Civil Rights'' (2000), [http://www.pup ...ystem of racial segregation and African American disfranchisement known as Jim Crow--has remained a preoccupation of southern historians."12 KB (1,821 words) - 03:40, 27 October 2013
- ...journal |last1=Folmsbee |first1=Stanley J. |title=The Origin of the First "Jim Crow" Law |journal=The Journal of Southern History |date=May 1949 |volume=15 |is14 KB (1,930 words) - 14:40, 19 August 2023
- ...igh school students came to appreciate how African Americans worked to end Jim Crow laws in the 1950s.6 KB (937 words) - 22:21, 14 September 2013
- * McMillen, Neil R. ''Dark Journey: Black Mississippians in the Age of Jim Crow'' (1989)10 KB (1,316 words) - 10:31, 19 June 2023
- ...[Twentieth Century]] when the [[Civil Rights Movement]] began to push back Jim Crow. Today, many of the "exiles" have returned in retirement.14 KB (2,251 words) - 09:01, 9 August 2023
- ...aneous actions taken against statues and other symbols erected since the [[Jim Crow]] period as part of [[The Lost Cause]] reaction against [[Reconstruction]]8 KB (1,350 words) - 15:22, 8 April 2023
- ...e by Virginia Foster Durr] on Facing History, about how the customs of the Jim Crow South affected her seventh birthday party.</ref> as a handout in its Teachi9 KB (1,380 words) - 08:47, 2 December 2023
- ...J. Douglas. ''Managing White Supremacy: Race, Politics, and Citizenship in Jim Crow Virginia'' (2002) [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=101423964 online edi8 KB (1,145 words) - 21:35, 23 February 2009
- ...New South in an uneasy second-class relationship with whites under the "[[Jim Crow]]" system of segregated schools and jobs. He built his leadership of the Af ...post-Civil War African-American community. While not publicly attacking [[Jim Crow laws]], Washington privately contributed funds for legal challenges against18 KB (2,770 words) - 09:33, 16 August 2023
- After the end of Reconstruction, all southern states enacted "[[Jim Crow laws]]" which mandated racial segregation between blacks and whites. The Su12 KB (1,854 words) - 08:52, 30 June 2023
- ...bs-Merrill, 1967. First-hand account showing that African Americans in the Jim Crow South strongly advocated the one-drop rule. ...ruction, and Related Topics''. New York: Macmillan, 1904. The emergence of Jim Crow.64 KB (9,186 words) - 10:17, 16 August 2023
- ...man to pretend to be "Mr. Morgan" in order to sell his product in those [[Jim Crow]] times. A later model was marketed for use in World War I, but was not in12 KB (1,993 words) - 12:20, 11 June 2009
- ...1907, with a democratic constitution that prohibited liquor, established [[Jim Crow]] laws, provided for the initiative and referendum, created strong county g18 KB (2,691 words) - 16:05, 15 April 2024
- ...ights promised to African Americans during the Reconstruction era with the Jim Crow era of segregation and second class citizenship that persisted into the 20t24 KB (3,389 words) - 11:44, 21 March 2011
- ...an-Americans wanted to avoid the racial segregation of the [[Jim Crow laws|Jim Crow]] South and sought refuge in the supposed "Promised Land" of the North wher32 KB (4,157 words) - 08:53, 2 March 2024
- ...een dominated by political studies, especially of [[Reconstruction]] and [[Jim Crow]]. The black churches were not only a political force, but became central t20 KB (3,005 words) - 09:41, 31 July 2023
- ...ever, their power was short-lived, and were eventually taken away in the [[Jim Crow]] era of racial segregation that lasted from the 1880s to 1964. ...ome descendants of black Carolinians who moved out of the South during the Jim Crow years have moved back. Despite these new arrivals, about 69% of residents a52 KB (7,914 words) - 03:40, 6 February 2010
- ...y, as Evers was arriving from an NAACP meeting carrying shirts with logos "Jim Crow Must Go", someone shot him in the back. This murder took place very shortly36 KB (5,700 words) - 12:59, 24 March 2024
- ...02 and later barred blacks from the Democratic primary. The state passed [[Jim Crow]] segregation laws and showed little tolerance for any public roles for Afr43 KB (6,654 words) - 09:27, 11 September 2023
- ...e imposition of a system of racial segregation and intimidation known as [[Jim Crow]]. The process and system varied by states and towns. In Virginia, for ex57 KB (8,536 words) - 10:16, 16 August 2023