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{{Image|Glycine DEVolk.jpg|right|350px|Structure of glycine, the smallest amino acid.}} '''Glycine''' is the smallest of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. The ''[[side chain]]'',

{{Image|Valine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Valine''', a common amino acid.}} ...ine''', abbreviated as '''Val''' or '''V''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the alipha

{{Image|Histidine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Histidine''', a common amino acid.}} ...ed '''His''' or '''H''', is one of the twenty common <math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the four [

...cocholic acid''', a derivative of [[cholic acid]] in which a [[glycine]] [[amino acid]] is attached, is a major component of [[bile]]. It is structurally related

{{Image|Tyrosine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Tyrosine''', a common amino acid.}} ...ed '''Tyr''' or '''Y''', is one of the twenty common <math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the four [

...[[protein]]s. It is a nonpolar, uncharged, aliphatic and [[hydrophobic]] amino acid. In [[protein structure]]s it is normally found in hydrophobic patches seq

{{Image|Threonine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Threonine''', a common amino acid.}} ...ine''', abbreviated as '''Thr''' or '''T''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the neutra

{{Image|Proline stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Proline''', a common amino acid.}} ...rather than an ''amino acid''. However, it is typically referred to as an amino acid.

One of the 20 common [[amino acid]]s and one of two acidic amino acids.

A molecular mixture of long chains of [[fatty acid|fatty]] and [[amino acid]]s.

#REDIRECT [[Amino acid]]

{{Image|Methionine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Methionine''', a common amino acid.}} ...ed '''Met''' or '''M''', is one of the twenty common <math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[proteins]]. Methionine and [[cystei

A way for muscle cells to use [[amino acid]]s as energy sources, while transferring to the liver the expensive task of

[[amino acid]]

The '''alanine cycle''' is a way for muscle cells to use [[amino acid]]s as energy sources, while transferring to the liver the expensive task of ...ate]], yielding [[alanine]] and a &alpha;-ketoacid similar to the original amino acid. The &alpha;-ketoacid is further metabolized, yielding [[adenosine triphosp

{{Image|Lysine stick figure.jpg|right|150px|'''Lysine''', a common amino acid.}} '''Lysine''', abbreviated '''Lys''' or '''L''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of three posi

An aromatic [[amino acid]] incorporated into [[protein]]s.

'''Alanine''' is the second smallest of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the non-po

{{Image|Asparagine DEVolk.jpg|right|250px|Asparagine (ASP, D), a common amino acid.}} ...abbreviated either as '''ASP''' or '''D''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the neutra

Correlation between [[RNA]] [[codon]]s and [[protein]] [[amino acid]]s.

A cyclic, non-polar [[amino acid]] used in [[protein]]s.

A positively charged common [[amino acid]], incorporated into [[protein]]s.

{{r|amino acid}} {{r|essential amino acid}}

One of four common [[aromatic]] [[amino acid]]s in [[protein]]s.

One of the common [[amino acid]]s used in [[protein]] synthesis.

A '''peptide''' is a [[molecule]] consisting of two or more [[amino acid]]s. Peptides are smaller than [[protein]]s, with the division between the t

Enzymes that differ in amino acid sequence but catalyze the same chemical reaction.

A positively charged [[amino acid]] used by living systems to build [[proteins]].

An [[aliphatic]], non-polar, [[hydrophobic]] [[amino acid]]s incorporated into [[protein]]s.

One of three hydroxylated [[amino acid]]s used in [[protein]] synthesis; subject to phosphorylation.

...lude>A biochemical messenger and regulator, synthesized from the essential amino acid L-[[tryptophan]].

...lude>A [[heterocycle|heterocyclic]] chemical compound, side chain of the [[amino acid]] [[tryptophan]]

One of two common [[amino acid]]s used in [[protein]]s that contain a [[sulphur]] atom.

Naturally-occurring [[peptide]] and [[amino acid]] derivatives which are used to control the growth of [[cancer]].

One of three hydroxylated [[amino acid]]s in [[protein]]s; it may be [[phosphorylation|phosphorylated]]

A 36-amino acid peptide neurotransmitter found in the CNS and autonomic nervous system.

An essential [[amino acid]] for some animals which carries long chain fatty acids across the inner mi

...ine''', abbreviated as '''Leu''' or '''L''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the non-po

One of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s.

One of the common [[amino acid]]s incorporated into proteins. It is charged, polar, and hydrophilic.

...structures2.jpg/credit|{{Twenty amino acid structures2.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Amino acid structures.]] In [[biochemistry]], an <math>\alpha</math>-'''amino acid''' is an [[organic chemistry|organic]] [[monomer]] consisting of an [[amino

One of the twenty common α-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s.

One of four common [[aromatic]] [[amino acid]]s use in [[protein]] synthesis; it may be [[phosphorylation|phosphorylated

A thiol-containing [[amino acid]] formed by a demethylation of [[methionine]].<noinclude>{{DefMeSH}}</noinc

The theory of reciprocal relationship between the serum amino acid concentration and appetite.

...''' and abbreviated as '''Glu''' or '''E''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of only two a

{{r|Amino acid}}

...p''' or '''W''', is the largest of the twenty common <math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the four [

The second smallest of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s.

...ine''', abbreviated as '''Ser''' or '''S''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the smalle

One of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is neutral but polar.

One of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[proteins]]. It is [[aliphatic]] and

In bacteria, the chemical precursor for the biosynthesis of the [[amino acid]]s [[phenylalanine]], [[tyrosine]] and [[tryptophan]].

...ld 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate and [[NADPH]]+, producing reduced folate for [[amino acid]] metabolism, [[purine]] ring synthesis, and the formation of deoxythymidin

One of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s and one of two that contains a [[sulphur]] atom.

...ed '''Phe''' or '''F''', is one of the twenty common <math>\alpha</math>-[[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of four [[aro Both phenylalanine and [[tyrosine]] are essential [[amino acid]]s that are biosynthesized by bacteria starting from [[chorismate]] then [[

...occurring [[sulfonic acid]]s and it a derivative of [[cysteine]], another amino acid important in liver detoxification.

...ginine''', abbreviated '''Arg''' or '''R''', is one of the twenty common [[amino acid]]s used by living organisms to build [[protein]]s. It is one of the charge

...yl cycle]], and it is synthesized from a condensation reaction between the amino acid [[serine]] and [[homocysteine]].

...ng synthesis of proteins to determine, via RNA intermediates, the order of amino acid residues in proteins. ...ise'' determination of sequence, either of bases in the nucleic acid or of amino acid residues in the protein.</blockquote>

A 32 amino acid polypeptide secreted by the ventricles of the heart in response to excessiv

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...up from an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to the hydroxyl oxygen atom on the amino acid tyrosine.

...not need carnitine to enter the mitrochondrion. Carnitine is an essential amino acid for some animals.

...e-to-one correspondance in going from codon to amino acid, but not from an amino acid to codons. There is only one [[start codon]], AUG, which serves as the cod

{{r|Amino acid}}

...lamines''' are a class of biologically active substances, derived from the amino acid, [[tyrosine]]. Chemically, they are ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines.

...idative linkage between two molecules of [[cysteine]], one of the common [[amino acid]]s, in the form of a [[disulfide bond]]. It may also refer to such a bond t

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...gy]], '''antibodies''' are "[[immunoglobulin]] molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the [[antigen]] (or a v

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...of transfer RNA has its own distinct anticodon region so that the correct amino acid gets transferred to the correct place during protein synthesis.

is a 60 amino acid peptide which acts as a smooth muscle relaxant and an inhibitor of cardiac

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...des are important biologically, because [[protein|proteins]] are made of [[amino acid|amino acids]] held together by amide groups. An amide formed from two amino

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...the '''urea cycle''' (also called the '''ornithine cycle''') breaks down [[amino acid]]s.<ref name="isbn0-7167-3051-0">{{cite book |author=Stryer, Lubert; Berg,

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...otein structure]]s, particularly in [[DNA]]-binding proteins, in which the amino acid [[leucine]] is repeated every seven amino acids within an [[alpha-helix]] s

...coupled receptors. Akt/PKB is activated by phosphorylation at two distinct amino acid residues, Threonin 308 and Serine 473.

[[Amino acid sequence]]s with very similar distribution patterns of the hydrophobic set ...Hydrophobic cluster analysis: an efficient new way to compare and analyse amino acid sequences. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(87)80439-8 FEBS Lett. 224,

...he use of [[RNA molecule]]s as templates and the result is a sequence of [[amino acid]]s, determined by the sequence of [[nucleotide]]s in the RNA.

...gy]], '''antibodies''' are "[[immunoglobulin]] molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the [[antigen]] (or a v

Auto-populated based on [[Special:WhatLinksHere/Amino acid]]. Needs checking by a human.

...or chemicals both in the lab and in living organisms. The twenty common [[Amino acid|amino acids]] are a particularly important class of carboxylic acids. Carb

...nstituent monomeric units (i.e. [[monosaccharide]]s, [[nucleotide]]s and [[amino acid]]s, respectively). Those monomers can be further degraded into simpler mole

...nits of a [[ribosome]] and [[translation]] begins, producing a string of [[amino acid]]s whose order is coded by the mRNA template.

'''Peptide YY''' (PYY) is a short (36-amino acid) [[protein]] released by L-cells in the mucosa of the ileum and colon in re

* Residue is another name for an [[amino acid]] in a protein. One might say that "residue 39 is a [[cysteine]]".

...indole''' [[heterocycle|heterocyclic]] compound is the side chain of the [[amino acid]] [[tryptophan]] as well as the parent compound for a family of related het

Important and widely known products of biosynthesis include [[amino acid]]s, [[nucleotide]]s, and , [[vitamin]]s but all components of living beings The amino acid glutamate is a common component of proteins. Glutamate is able to transfer

...bed into messenger [[RNA]] (mRNA). The mRNA can then be translated into an amino acid chain called a polypeptide (after the peptide bond connecting the amino aci

....P., Anthony L.T.N, Bialik R. (1994) Dissociation between plasma and brain amino acid profiles and short-term food intake in the rat. Am J Physiol 266:1675-86. '''(4)''' Harper A.E., Peters J.C. (1989) Protein intake, brain amino acid and serotonin concentrations and protein self-selection. J Nutr 119:677-689

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid peptide neurotransmitter found in the CNS and autonomic nervous system.

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...aterial science, and the food industry. Acids, such as the twenty common [[amino acid]]s and [[carboxylic acid|carboxylic acids]] (including [[valeric acid]], an

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