German Resistance/Related Articles

See also changes related to German Resistance, or pages that link to German Resistance or to this page or whose text contains "German Resistance".

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Parent topics

• National Socialism [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Adolf Hitler [r]: (1889–1945) Politician in Germany; became 1921 Nazi Party leader, 1933 Reichskanzler (Chancellor), then 1934 as der Führer dictator before and during World War II. ^[e]
• German military forces [r]: German military traditions and organization from pre-19th century unification, through the World Wars, through reunification ^[e]

Subtopics

Resisters

• Ludwig Beck [r]: (1880-1944) General in the German Army, became f Army Chief of Staff in 1933 with the rise of the Nazis but removed in 1938 for plotting against the regime; member of the German Resistance; committed suicide after the failure of the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; the conspirators planned to install him as Head of State ^[e]
• Dietrich Bonhoeffer [r]: Christian theologian and long-term anti-Nazi; arrested and executed following 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Wilhelm Canaris [r]: Rear Admiral in the German Navy during WWII; commanded Abwehr military intelligence service, which contained many anti-Nazi conspirators and was eventually absorbed by the SS; eventually executed at Flossenburg Concentration Camp ^[e]
• Hans von Dohnanyi [r]: (1902-1945) German attorney and legal adviser; attached to Abwehr in WWII; traveled abroad for German Resistance; executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Erich Fellgiebel [r]: General of Communications Troops (equiv. Allied lieutenant general) in the WWII German Army, overall military communications chief; failed to cut Adolf Hitler's communications after the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler and thus doomed the Operation Valkyrie coup; executed ^[e] Fellgiebel was responsible for isolating Hitler's headquarters from command and control, but failed; the Operation Valkyrie coup might have succeeded had Hitler stayed isolated.
• Eberhard Finckh [r]: Colonel, Deputy Chief of Staff West; took part in July 20 arrests of SS in Paris; executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Eugen Gerstenmaier [r]: (1906-1986) Theologian; Only civilian arrested at Ersatzheer headquarters on the Bendlerstrasse, during the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler; arrested, tried, and while the death sentence was requested, received 10 years; president of the German Parliament (Christian Democrat), 1954-1969 ^[e]
• Hans Bernd Gisevius [r]: (1904-1974) German attorney and civil servant; member of the German Resistance assigned to Abwehr duty in Switzerland where he worked with Allen Dulles of the U.S. Office of Strategic Services (OSS); while part of 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, managed to escape to Switzerland; testified at postwar trials ^[e]
• Carl Goerdeler [r]: (1884-1945) German lawyer and elected politician before the Nazis came to power; prominent member of the German Resistance from the late 1930s, executed February 1945 for participation in the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Paul von Hase [r]: (1885-1944) Generalleutnant of the WWII German Army and member of the German Resistance, who, after being too badly wounded for front-line duty, commanded the Berlin garrison; after the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler, he urged coup conspirators to seize the city, but was arrested, tried and executed ^[e]
• Arvid Harnack [r]: (1901-1942) German legal scholar, with a doctorate in philosophy, in the Reich Ministry of Economics, who joined the Nazi Party for cover; with his wife, Mildred Harnack, spied for Red Orchestra ring of the Soviet Union in the interest of ending the war; arrested September 1942 and executed in December ^[e]
• Mildred Harnack [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Werner von Haeften [r]: (1908-44) First Lieutenant in the German Army and adjutant to Claus von Stauffenberg; assisted him with the bomb and was executed that night, with Stauffenberg, for the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Ulrich von Hassell [r]: (1881-1944) German diplomat; entered Foreign Office in 1908; dismissed for anti-Nazi views 1938; joined Ludwig Beck and Carl Goerdeler in assassination planning; tried to recruit Franz Halder, Friedrich Fromm and Erwin Rommel; arrested and executed after 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler ^[e]
• Caesar von Hofacker [r]: (1896-1944) Luftwaffe lieutenant colonel on staff of Carl Stulpnagel in Paris; cousin of Claus von Stauffenberg; liaison to Erwin Rommel; noted defiance of Roland Freisler in the People's Court but still executed for 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler after extensive torture, implicating Rommel ^[e]
• Erich von Hoepner [r]: (1886-1944) German Generaloberst; served in WWI, Reichswehr and Wehrmacht; anti-Nazi before 1933; tank and mobile warfare specialist; dismissed from command in 1942 for a tactical retreat against Hitler's orders; executed for participation in the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler in which he was designated Minister of War ^[e]
• Ewald von Kleist [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Julius Leber [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Helmuth James Graf von Moltke [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Artur Nebe [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Friedrich Olbricht [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Hans Oster [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Johannes Popitz [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Hjalmar Schacht [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Fabian von Schlabrendorff [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Ulrich-Wilhelm Graf von Schwerin von Schwanenfeld [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Adam von Trott zu Solz [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Claus von Stauffenberg [r]: Add brief definition or description Stauffenberg not only moved the discussions into action, but actually placed the 20th of July bomb. He did not, however, make certain Hitler was killed, which might have required a suicide attack.
• Henning von Tresckow [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Peter Yorck von Wartenburg [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Erwin von Witzleben [r]: Add brief definition or description

Aware but passive

• Friedrich Fromm [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Erwin Rommel [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Ernst von Weizsaecker [r]: Add brief definition or description

Nazi security

• Heinrich Himmler [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Heinrich Müller [r]: Add brief definition or description
• Manfred Roeder (military jurist) [r]: Add brief definition or description