User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox

Chemical properties

Properties Property Value Common name hydrogen sulfide Other names hydrogen sulphide, dihydrogen sulfide, sulfur hydride, hydrosulfuric acid, sewer gas IUPAC name hydrogen sulfide CAS number 7783-06-04 Molecular formula H2S Molecular mass 34.082 g/mol Melting point -85.47 °C Normal boiling point -60.35 °C and 1 atm Critical point 100.38 °C at 88.46 atm Heat of fusion 69.74 kJ/kg at -85.47 °C and 1 atm Heat of vaporization 517.87 kJ/kg at -60.35 °C and 1 atm 413.15 kJ/kg at 25 °C and 1 atm Liquid density 914.9 kg/m3 at -60.35 °C and 1 atm Liquid Viscosity 0.076 centipoise at 25 °C Gas density 1.93 kg/m3 at -60.35 °C and 1 atm, 1.411kg/m3 at 20°C and 1 atm Gas specific heat, cp 1.005 kJ/(kg·K) at 25 °C and 1 atm Gas specific heat, cv 0.761 kJ/(kg·K) at 25 °C and 1 atm Gas specific heat ratio, cp/cv 1.32 at 25 °C and 1 atm Gas Viscosity 126.02 micropoise at 25 °C Refractive index

Hydrogen sulfide is a highly toxic and flammable gas (Flammability range: 4.3 % - 46 % volume % in air). Being heavier than air, it tends to accumulate at the bottom of poorly ventilated spaces. Although very pungent at first, it quickly deadens the sense of smell, so potential victims may be unaware of its presence until it is too late. For safe handling procedures, a hydrogen sulfide material safety data sheet (MSDS) should be consulted.

Hydrogen sulfide and oxygen burn with a blue flame to form sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and [|water]]. In general, hydrogen sulfide acts as a reducing agent.

At high temperature and in the presence of catalysts, sulfur dioxide can be made to react with hydrogen sulfide to form elemental sulfur and water. This is exploited in the Claus process, the main way to convert hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulfur.

Hydrogen sulfide is slightly soluble in water and acts as a weak acid, giving the hydrosulfide ion HS⁻ (pK_a=6.9 in 0.01-0.1 mol/litre solutions at 18°C) and the sulfide ion S²⁻ (pK_a=11.96).

Hydrogen sulfide reacts with metal ions to form metal sulfides, which may be considered the salts of hydrogen sulfide. Some ores are sulfides. Metal sulfides often have a dark color.

If gaseous hydrogen sulfide is put into contact with concentrated nitric acid, it explodes.

Hydrogen sulfide reacts with alcohols to form thiols.