User:John Stephenson/sandbox: Difference between revisions
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'''Sex''' is an activity involving prolonged [[genitals|genital]] contact, such as when the [[penis]] enters part of another person's body, most commonly the [[vagina]], for the purposes of pleasure and sometimes [[sexual reproduction|reproduction]]. Sex can be part of [[homosexuality|homosexual]] ([[gay]]) as well as heterosexual (straight) relationships, and is sometimes discussed as an 'act of [[love]]'. Often, however, sex occurs just so the participants can experience the sensation of pleasure that accompanies the activity, including orgasm, and they may well take steps to avoid a later [[pregnancy]] by using [[contraceptive]]s. Some of these methods, such as [[condom]] use, also reduce the risk of transmitting [[virus]]es that rely on sex to spread. Contraceptives, family planning and responsible attitudes to sex are three reasons that help explain why, while it is the main way of introducing [[sperm]] into a [[woman]]'s body so that a [[man]]'s [[gene]]tic material has the opportunity to fuse with an [[egg (human)|egg]] to form an [[embryology|embryo]], very often acts of sex do not eventually lead to the [[childbirth|birth]] of a [[child]]. | '''Sex''' is an activity involving prolonged [[genitals|genital]] contact, such as when the [[penis]] enters part of another person's body, most commonly the [[vagina]], for the purposes of pleasure and sometimes [[sexual reproduction|reproduction]]. Sex can be part of [[homosexuality|homosexual]] ([[gay]]) as well as heterosexual (straight) relationships, and is sometimes discussed as an 'act of [[love]]'. Often, however, sex occurs just so the participants can experience the sensation of pleasure that accompanies the activity, including orgasm, and they may well take steps to avoid a later [[pregnancy]] by using [[contraceptive]]s. Some of these methods, such as [[condom]] use, also reduce the risk of transmitting [[virus]]es that rely on sex to spread. Contraceptives, family planning and responsible attitudes to sex are three reasons that help explain why, while it is the main way of introducing [[sperm]] into a [[woman]]'s body so that a [[man]]'s [[gene]]tic material has the opportunity to fuse with an [[egg (human)|egg]] to form an [[embryology|embryo]], very often acts of sex do not eventually lead to the [[childbirth|birth]] of a [[child]]. | ||
Sex is a consensual activity: though adults and [[adolescent]]s have little or no control over their sense of sexual attraction, they must freely choose to have sex. When a person is forced into sex, this is [[rape]], and for the victim it is never a sexual act but a horrific assault. Scholars have often identified the reasons for rape as social rather than biological: in this view, rape is about power over others, as a rapist - in most definitions, always a man - seeks to [[violence|violently]] dominate or punish another person and keep them in a state of [[fear]].<ref>Brownmiller (1975: 14).</ref> More recently, controversy has erupted over [[evolution]]ary explanations that root rape not just in social conditions, but the innate male sex drive<ref>Brownmiller & Merhof (1992). cf. Thornhill & Palmer (2000); Pinker (2002: 161-162, 359-371).</ref> and its conflict with women's ability to choose who fathers their children.<ref>'[http://www.psych.ucsb.edu/research/cep/tnr.html Reply to Jerry Coyne]'. John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, Center for Evolutionary Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara. 2000.</ref> This debate has also involved discussion on the irresponsibility of ignoring sex itself as a motivator for rape,<ref>Paglia (1990: 51, 57).</ref> the rejection of the idea that all men whether rapists or not are ultimately beneficiaries of rape,<ref>McElroy (1996).</ref> and the assumption that if rape is in any way a consequence of innate, evolved traits, then this sends the message that it is in some way more acceptable.<ref>Pinker (2002: 363).</ref> Of course, researchers seeking an explanation for the presence of rape in all societies have taken great care to make the obvious point that the intent behind such work is to find a way to reduce rape in society.<ref>Pinker (2002: 364-365, 367).</ref> | |||
==Footnotes== | |||
{{reflist|2}} | |||
Revision as of 21:05, 26 April 2008
This article is about the activity. For other uses, see Sex (disambiguation).
Sex is an activity involving prolonged genital contact, such as when the penis enters part of another person's body, most commonly the vagina, for the purposes of pleasure and sometimes reproduction. Sex can be part of homosexual (gay) as well as heterosexual (straight) relationships, and is sometimes discussed as an 'act of love'. Often, however, sex occurs just so the participants can experience the sensation of pleasure that accompanies the activity, including orgasm, and they may well take steps to avoid a later pregnancy by using contraceptives. Some of these methods, such as condom use, also reduce the risk of transmitting viruses that rely on sex to spread. Contraceptives, family planning and responsible attitudes to sex are three reasons that help explain why, while it is the main way of introducing sperm into a woman's body so that a man's genetic material has the opportunity to fuse with an egg to form an embryo, very often acts of sex do not eventually lead to the birth of a child.
Sex is a consensual activity: though adults and adolescents have little or no control over their sense of sexual attraction, they must freely choose to have sex. When a person is forced into sex, this is rape, and for the victim it is never a sexual act but a horrific assault. Scholars have often identified the reasons for rape as social rather than biological: in this view, rape is about power over others, as a rapist - in most definitions, always a man - seeks to violently dominate or punish another person and keep them in a state of fear.[1] More recently, controversy has erupted over evolutionary explanations that root rape not just in social conditions, but the innate male sex drive[2] and its conflict with women's ability to choose who fathers their children.[3] This debate has also involved discussion on the irresponsibility of ignoring sex itself as a motivator for rape,[4] the rejection of the idea that all men whether rapists or not are ultimately beneficiaries of rape,[5] and the assumption that if rape is in any way a consequence of innate, evolved traits, then this sends the message that it is in some way more acceptable.[6] Of course, researchers seeking an explanation for the presence of rape in all societies have taken great care to make the obvious point that the intent behind such work is to find a way to reduce rape in society.[7]
Footnotes
- ↑ Brownmiller (1975: 14).
- ↑ Brownmiller & Merhof (1992). cf. Thornhill & Palmer (2000); Pinker (2002: 161-162, 359-371).
- ↑ 'Reply to Jerry Coyne'. John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, Center for Evolutionary Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara. 2000.
- ↑ Paglia (1990: 51, 57).
- ↑ McElroy (1996).
- ↑ Pinker (2002: 363).
- ↑ Pinker (2002: 364-365, 367).