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=== Some of our finest <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Approval Process|about]] ] </font> ===
<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
[[Image:Approved.png|35px|35px|left]]
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;">
:* [[:Category:Approved Articles|Approved Articles]]
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
:* [[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed Articles]] <font size=1>(over 700)</font>
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
|width=40% align=center|
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
{|class="wikitable"
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small>
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ONGOING CLEANUP:<br>
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[[:Category:External_Articles|Ext]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:External_Articles}}''')</font>&nbsp;|&nbsp;
[[:Category:Pages with reference errors|Refs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Pages with reference errors}}''')</font><br>
[[:Category:Lemma Article|Definition only]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Lemma Article}}''')</font><br />
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----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
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<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
</h3>
[[Image:Progesterone2.jpg|right|thumb|150px|{{#ifexist:Template:Progesterone2.jpg/credit|{{Progesterone2.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}]]
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
'''[[Steroid|Steroids]]''', or '''steroid hormones''', are powerful hormones with drastic effects, both good and bad, when artificially supplemented into living systems.  They are normally produced by three glands, the adrenal cortex, the testes, and the ovaries, but are also produced by the placenta during pregnancy, and some steroids ("neurosteroids") are produced within the brain. Steroids play an important role at all stages of life from the embryo until death.  Corticosteroids, or synthetic mimics such as [[prednisone]], are used to treat inflammation related illnesses like asthma or rheumatoid arthritis, but they can have severe side effects.  Athletes have often taken anabolic steroids to improve muscle growth and athletic performance. Glucocorticoids play a role in metabolism and inflammation, and estrogens have been linked to cancer.  Testosterone and estrogen influence sexual traits (maleness/femaleness).  All steroid hormones are naturally synthesized from cholesterol (through pregnenolone) under the control of the [[anterior pituitary gland]], which produces [[andrenocorticotropic hormone]] (ACTH, or corticotropin), a polypeptide that stimulates the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone.
<font size=1>[[Steroid|['''more...''']]]</font>
 
=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
The '''[[Miniature Fox Terrier]]''' is a small, fine-boned, lightweight [[terrier]] developed as a [[hunting dog]] and [[vermin]] router.  It is known colloquially in its native [[Australia]] as the “Mini Foxie”, the "Mini Fox Terrier" and sometimes as the “Little Foxie”. 
 
It is akin to the [[Toy Fox Terrier]], a breed that developed along similar lines in the [[United States of America|United States]].  Some Toy Fox Terrier owners can trace their dogs’ pedigrees to "Foiler", aka "Old Foiler", the first [[Fox Terrier]] registered by [[The Kennel Club]] in Britain, circa 1875-6. It is interesting that although the bloodlines of the Mini Foxie and the Toy Fox Terrier are apparently distinct, Australian and American dogs can bear startling resemblance to each other.
<font size=1>[[Miniature Fox Terrier|['''more...''']]]</font>
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>

Latest revision as of 14:54, 4 September 2024

New Blog Post
Why is Citizendium deleting articles?


Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive. Read more about who we are.

See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Become a member--it's free!

Agriculture Earth Sciences Journalism Physics
Anthropology Economics Law Politics
Archaeology Education Library & Info. Sci. Psychology
Architecture Engineering Linguistics Religion
Astronomy Food Science Literature Robotics
Biology Games Mathematics Sociology
Business Geography Media Sports
Chemistry Health Sciences Military Theater
Classics History Music Topic Informant
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Please help today!
Please make your donations here.
Donations go to keep our servers running. See our financial report.





















Article counts

Citable (145)
Developed (1,128)
Developing (7,442)
Stubs (7,705)
(16,543 total)

ONGOING CLEANUP:

Ext (269) |  Refs (138)
Definition only (3,909)

There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
— Socrates (469 BC - 399 BC), Diogenes Laertius, Lives of Eminent Philosophers
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing

Featured Article: Nuclear power reconsidered

After decades of failure to slow the rising global consumption of coal, oil and gas,[1] many countries have concluded that the world needs to reconsider nuclear power in order to lower the demand for fossil fuels.[2] Wind and solar power alone, without large-scale storage for these intermittent sources, are unlikely to meet the world's needs for reliable energy.[3][4][5] See Figures 1 and 2 on the magnitude of the world energy challenge.

Nuclear power plants that use nuclear reactors to create electricity could provide the abundant, zero-carbon, dispatchable[6] energy needed for a low-carbon future, but not by simply building more of what we already have. New innovative designs for nuclear reactors are needed to avoid the problems of the past.

(CC) Image: Geoff Russell
Fig.1 Electricity consumption may soon double, mostly from coal-fired power plants in the developing world.[7]

Issues Confronting the Nuclear Industry

New reactor designers have sought to address issues that have prevented the acceptance of nuclear power, including safety, waste management, weapons proliferation, and cost. This article will summarize the questions that have been raised and the criteria that have been established for evaluating these designs. Answers to these questions will be provided by the designers of these reactors in the articles on their designs. Further debate will be provided in the Discussion and the Debate Guide pages of those articles.

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Global Energy Growth by Our World In Data
  2. ↑ Public figures who have reconsidered their stance on nuclear power are listed on the External Links tab of this article.
  3. ↑ Pumped storage is currently the most economical way to store electricity, but it requires a large reservoir on a nearby hill or in an abandoned mine. Li-ion battery systems at $500 per KWh are not practical for utility-scale storage. See Energy Storage for a summary of other alternatives.
  4. ↑ Utilities that include wind and solar power in their grid must have non-intermittent generating capacity (typically fossil fuels) to handle maximum demand for several days. They can save on fuel, but the cost of the plant is the same with or without intermittent sources.
  5. ↑ Mark Jacobson believes that long-distance transmission lines can provide an alternative to costly storage. See the bibliography for more on this proposal and the critique by Christopher Clack.
  6. ↑ "Load following" is the term used by utilities, and is important when there is a lot of wind and solar on the grid. Some reactors are not able to do this.
  7. ↑ Fig.1.3 in Devanney "Why Nuclear Power has been a Flop"

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