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|[[Image:Writeathon.png|left|54px]]<BIG>'''The [[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]] is on!  ''Join us today, Wednesday, January 9th!'''''</BIG><br />
You're invited to start a new article and edit somebody else's new article.  It's a '''[[CZ:Monthly Write-a-Thon|Write-a-Thon]]'''!  It's a wiki-whoopie, a cyber-social, a collaborative kegger!
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|style="background-color:#e8edd6;"|'''<span>New Blog Post</span>'''
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=== Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:Article of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
[[Image:Stentor_reading.jpg|thumb|150px|1901 photograph of a stentor (announcer) at the Budapest ''Telefon Hirmondó''.]]'''[[Telephone newspaper]]''' is a general term for the [[telephone]]-based news and entertainment services which were introduced beginning in the 1890s, and primarily located in large European cities. These systems were the first example of [[electronic]] [[broadcasting]], and offered a wide variety of programming, however, only a relative few were ever established. Although these systems predated the invention of [[radio]], they were supplanted by radio broadcasting stations beginning in the 1920s, primarily because radio signals were able to cover much wider areas with higher quality audio.
<font size=1>[[Telephone newspaper|['''more...''']]]</font>


=== New Draft of the Week <font size=1>[ [[CZ:New Draft of the Week|about]] ]</font> ===
'''[[Cosmology]]'''<ref>compare with ''cosmogony'' the study of or a theory of the creation and evolution of the universe.  Sometimes creation myths are termed cosmogonies. Greek ''cosmos'':order, the universe, the world + ''gonos'': creation, birth. [http://faculty.gvsu.edu/websterm/mythterms.htm] Webster, M. Grand Valley State University, Allendale Michigan</ref> is a branch of [[astronomy]] and of [[metaphysics]] committed to the study of the universe as a whole, of the contents, structure, and evolution of the universe from the beginning of time to the future.


As a branch of two very old endeavours of humanity, the study of the sky and the origins of the world, it embraces numerous related inquiries concerned with the world we live in and, to the extent it could be imagined and observed, the universe. As a branch of metaphysics it attained some prominence when [[Christian von Wolffe]] published ''Discursus Praeliminaris de Philosophia in Genere'' (1728). Von Wolff placed cosmology in his classification scheme of the main areas of philosophy, distinguishing cosmology from [[ontology]], [[theology]] and [[psychology]], essentially making it a distinctive field of philosophy unto itself. As a philosphy, its nature has been disputed over time since von Wolff but it can be said that generally, it is thought to encompass humanity's experience in, and the nature of, the physical world. As a science, it encompasses the work of observational astronomy and theoretical physics as scholars in both fields attempt to describe and explain the physical universe. Cosmology, as a science, attempts to construct models of the physical universe from observational data which are then tested. Cosmology, as metaphysics, involves a priori investigations of a rational cosmology and the conceptual and categorical analyses of the speculative philosopher.<ref name=Munitz> Munitz, Milton K. (1967) ''Cosmology''. The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Paul Edwards (Ed.) Vol 2 New York: Macmillan</ref>
 
<font size=1>[[Cosmology|['''more...''']]]</font>
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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<h4 style="margin:0 0 0.75em; padding:0;"> '''Article counts''' </h4>
<p style="line-height:15px; padding-left:20px;">
[[:Category:Citable versions of articles|Citable]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Citable versions of articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developed Articles|Developed]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developed Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Developing Articles|Developing]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Developing Articles}}''')</font><br />
[[:Category:Stub Articles|Stubs]] <font size=1>('''{{PAGESINCAT:Stub Articles}}''')</font><br />
<small>([[:Category:CZ Live|{{PAGESINCAT:CZ Live}} total]])</small>
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----<h3 style="margin-top:0; padding-top:0.6em; border-top:1px dotted #e0e0e0;">
<big>[[CZ:Featured article|Featured Article]]: ''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}]]''</big>
</h3>
{{CZ:Featured article/Current}}
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<div style='text-align: right;'><small>''[[{{FeaturedArticleTitle}}|Continued]]...''</small></div>

Latest revision as of 08:12, 9 December 2024

New Blog Post
Why is Citizendium deleting articles?


Help Write Articles about our World

Welcome to Citizendium, a wiki for providing free knowledge where authors use their real names. We regard information as a public good and welcome anyone who wants to share their knowledge on virtually any subject. Our online community prides itself on being congenial and supportive.

Citizendium Getting Started
Quick Start | About us | Help system | Start a new article | For Wikipedians  


See Recent Changes—an overview of articles being worked on now.

Read some of our finest articles.

Become a member--it's free!

Join this wiki and start an article
 
Browse the Workgroups:

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Article counts

Citable (146)
Developed (1,126)
Developing (7,359)
Stubs (7,656)
(16,418 total)

That which we know is a little thing; that which we do not know is immense.
— Pierre-Simon de Laplace (1749–1827)
       —add a quotation about knowledge or writing


Featured Article: Paramhansa Yogananda

Paramhansa Yogananda circa 1920.

Paramhansa Yogananda (5 Jan 1893–7 Mar 1952) was one of the first Indian teachers from the Hindu spiritual tradition to reside permanently in the West, and in particular, he was the first to teach yoga to Americans. He emphasized the universality of the great religions, and ceaselessly taught that all religions, especially Hinduism and Christianity, were essentially the same in their essence. The primary message of Yogananda was to practice the scientific technique of kriya yoga to be released from all human suffering.

He emigrated from India to the United States in 1920 and eventually founded the Self-Realization Fellowship there in Los Angeles, California. He published his own life story in a book called Autobiography of a Yogi, first published in 1946. In the book, Yogananda provided some details of his personal life, an introduction to yoga, meditation, and philosophy, and accounts of his world travels and encounters with a wide variety of saints and colorful personalities, including Therese Neumann, Mohandas K. Gandhi, Luther Burbank, and Jagadis C. Bose.

Paramhamsa, also spelled Paramahamsa, is a Sanskrit title used for Hindu spiritual teachers who have become enlightened. The title of Paramhansa originates from the legend of the swan. The swan (hansa) is said to have a mythical ability to sip only the milk from a water-and-milk mixture, separating out the more watery part. The spiritual master is likewise said to be able to live in a world like a supreme (param) swan, and only see the divine, instead of all the evil mixed in there too, which the worldly person sees.

Yogananda is considered by his followers and many religious scholars to be a modern avatar.

In 1946, Yogananda published his Autobiography of a Yogi. It has since been translated into 45 languages, and in 1999 was designated one of the "100 Most Important Spiritual Books of the 20th Century" by a panel of spiritual authors convened by Philip Zaleski and HarperCollins publishers.

Awake: The Life of Yogananda is a 2014 documentary about Paramhansa Yogananda, in English with subtitles in seventeen languages. The documentary includes commentary by George Harrison and Ravi Shankar, among others.[1][2]

Footnotes

  1. Wikipedia has an article about the 2014 documentary film.
  2. The IMBd filmography database has a full cast list and other details about the 2014 documentary film.