Boltzmann constant: Difference between revisions
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The Boltzmann Constant is the ratio of the [[Gas Constant R]] to Avogadro's number [[N<sub>A</sub>]]. It can be thought of as the gas constant for a single molecule (or even for an arbitrary particle in a colloidal solution) rather than for a [[mole]]<ref>Fundamentals of Physics, Fourth Edition by David Halliday, Robert Resnick, and Jearl Walker p582</ref>. | The Boltzmann Constant is the ratio of the [[Gas Constant R]] to Avogadro's number [[N<sub>A</sub>]]. It can be thought of as the gas constant for a single [[molecule]] (or even for an arbitrary particle in a [[colloidal solution]]) rather than for a [[mole]]<ref>Fundamentals of Physics, Fourth Edition by David Halliday, Robert Resnick, and Jearl Walker p582</ref>. | ||
The Boltzmann Constant is illustrated in the equation for the translational kinetic energy of a particle in thermal equilibrium with it's surroundings: | The Boltzmann Constant is illustrated in the equation for the [[translational kinetic energy]] of a particle in thermal [[equilibrium]] with it's surroundings: | ||
KE<sub>avg</sub> = 3/2 kT<ref>http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/kinetic/kintem.html</ref> | KE<sub>avg</sub> = 3/2 kT<ref>http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/kinetic/kintem.html</ref> | ||
Where KE<sub>avg</sub> is the Kinetic Energy of the particle, k is the Boltzmann Constant, and T is the Temperature in Kelvin. | Where KE<sub>avg</sub> is the average [[Kinetic Energy]] of the particle, k is the Boltzmann Constant, and T is the [[Temperature]] in [[Kelvin]]. | ||
According to NIST<ref>http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/CCValue?k|ShowFirst=Browse</ref> the Boltzmann Constant has a value of 1.3806504 x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K with a [[standard uncertainty]] of 0.0000024 x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K and a [[relative uncertainty]] of 1.7 x 10<sup>-6</sup> (this is represented by the [[concise form]] 1.380 6504(24) x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K | According to [[NIST]]<ref>http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/CCValue?k|ShowFirst=Browse</ref> the Boltzmann Constant has a value of 1.3806504 x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K with a [[standard uncertainty]] of 0.0000024 x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K and a [[relative uncertainty]] of 1.7 x 10<sup>-6</sup> (this is represented by the [[concise form]] 1.380 6504(24) x 10<sup>-23</sup> J/K | ||
The Boltzmann Constant can also be represented in alternative units as 8.617385 x 10<sup>-5</sup> eV/K | The Boltzmann Constant can also be represented in alternative units as 8.617385 x 10<sup>-5</sup> eV/K | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 09:04, 31 December 2007
The Boltzmann Constant is the ratio of the Gas Constant R to Avogadro's number [[NA]]. It can be thought of as the gas constant for a single molecule (or even for an arbitrary particle in a colloidal solution) rather than for a mole[1].
The Boltzmann Constant is illustrated in the equation for the translational kinetic energy of a particle in thermal equilibrium with it's surroundings:
KEavg = 3/2 kT[2]
Where KEavg is the average Kinetic Energy of the particle, k is the Boltzmann Constant, and T is the Temperature in Kelvin.
According to NIST[3] the Boltzmann Constant has a value of 1.3806504 x 10-23 J/K with a standard uncertainty of 0.0000024 x 10-23 J/K and a relative uncertainty of 1.7 x 10-6 (this is represented by the concise form 1.380 6504(24) x 10-23 J/K
The Boltzmann Constant can also be represented in alternative units as 8.617385 x 10-5 eV/K
- ↑ Fundamentals of Physics, Fourth Edition by David Halliday, Robert Resnick, and Jearl Walker p582
- ↑ http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/kinetic/kintem.html
- ↑ http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/CCValue?k%7CShowFirst=Browse