Unix directory structure

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Revision as of 14:22, 16 April 2007 by imported>Joshua David Williams (changing the format a bit..)
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In computer science, and particularly in Unix-like operating systems, the Unix directory structure is a convention of organization.


  • / -- "root"; This is where the entire system is contained. Unlike Microsoft Windows, where each drive has its own root directory named by a letter, such as C:/ or F:/, Unix holds the entire system in this single top-level directory, including each device and document. Thus, it is commonly said that in Unix, "everything is a file".


  • /bin -- Stands for "binaries"; Contains some fundamental utilities needed by a system administrator. As a failsafe, these were placed in a separate directory so that they could be placed on a separate disk or disk partition in case the main drive failed.


  • /etc -- Contains configuration and some system databases.
  • /dev -- short for devices. Contains file representations of every peripheral device attached to the system.
  • /home -- contains the home directories for the users. On some Unices, this is under /usr/home
  • /include
  • /lib
  • /root -- the home directory for the superuser root.
  • /tmp -- a place for temporary files. Many Unices clear this directory upon start up.
  • /usr
    • /usr/bin
    • /usr/include
    • /usr/lib
  • /var -- short for "variable." A place for files that may change often, such as the storage to a database, or the contents of a database.