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|14. A successful genotype in a natural population outcompetes others

...es LA, Relkin NR, Whitehouse PJ, Brown T et al.| title=Disclosure of APOE genotype for risk of Alzheimer's disease. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2009 | vol

...author=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco

...author=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco ...author=Nozawa T, Taguchi M, Tahara K, ''et al'' |title=Influence of CYP2D6 genotype on metoprolol plasma concentration and beta-adrenergic inhibition during lo

..., Yusuf S, Anand SS, Connolly SJ, Hirsh J et al.| title=Effects of CYP2C19 genotype on outcomes of clopidogrel treatment. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2010 |

...author=Nozawa T, Taguchi M, Tahara K, ''et al'' |title=Influence of CYP2D6 genotype on metoprolol plasma concentration and beta-adrenergic inhibition during lo ...hmer AM, Delabar U, Schwab M, Schaeffeler E et al.| title=Impact of CYP2D6 genotype on adverse effects during treatment with metoprolol: a prospective clinical

{{r|Genotype}}

...e role of nuclear factor-kappaB-inducing kinase using mice with a specific genotype. The study suggests that the lack of NIK inhibits HTLV replication and inte

...uthor=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al.'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco ...Marsh S, Cresci S, McLeod HL, Spertus JA| title=Beta2-adrenergic receptor genotype and survival among patients receiving beta-blocker therapy after an acute c

...'progress'? ''Am J Hum Genetics'' 4:352-3</ref> It is suggested that this genotype has been naturally selected through years of food shortage but in modern so ...se famines would not have been sufficient to lead to the levels of natural genotype selection that the thrifty gene hypothesis implies. Mortality patterns also

'''Genotype A''' is pandemic but most prevalent in northern Europe, North America and c '''Genotype D''' is also pandemic but is predominant in the Mediterranean area, the Mid

...ortant in the process of adaptation. He described the relationship between genotype or phenotype and [[Fitness (biology)|fitness]] as [[fitness surface]]s or f

...dlookup?view=long&pmid=12446535 |issn=}}</ref> These individuals with TT [[genotype]] have a 20% increase in serum homocysteine levels and may have increased [

...the cells of the organism will have been transformed. By breeding only the genotype of the gametes is passed on, removing this variation).

...author=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco ...Marsh S, Cresci S, McLeod HL, Spertus JA| title=Beta2-adrenergic receptor genotype and survival among patients receiving beta-blocker therapy after an acute c

...recessive ‘e’ allele is inherited from each breeding pair parent, the e/e genotype offspring of certain breeds, including white coat dogs from German Shepherd

...ite journal |author=Givens RC, Lin YS, Dowling AL, ''et al'' |title=CYP3A5 genotype predicts renal CYP3A activity and blood pressure in healthy adults |journal

...and knowledge of the genetic code allows us to visualize the pathway from genotype to phenotype. We can now sequence entire genes, and improved cloning techni

...on of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use, Clopidogrel Use, and Cytochrome P450 2C19 Genotype in a Large Nationwide Cohort of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results From t ...y in patients administered clopidogrel for recent MI, whatever the CYP2C19 genotype, although harm could not be formally excluded in patients with 2 loss-of-fu

...e="pmid17851566">{{cite journal |author=Caraco Y ''et al.'' |title=CYP2C9 genotype-guided warfarin prescribing enhances the efficacy and safety of anticoagula ...n N, Jorgensen AL, Toh CH, Nicholson T et al.| title=A Randomized Trial of Genotype-Guided Dosing of Warfarin. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2013 | volume= |

...genes are now available, and a blood or hair root sample can reveal the [[genotype]] of a mare and stallion, allowing the breeder to predict the appearance of

...said- after a laboratory examination of [[chromosomes]] and sequencing of genotype, to be a man (boy) or woman (girl), there are ''no'' distinct set of biolog

...called the fitness. It is defined as the '''relative''' contribution of a genotype in the next generation. As mentioned this is a very important concept in ev ...t a process which leads to the perfect genotype, it rather selects for the genotype with the highest fitness from the available ''genotypes''<br /><br />

...uthor=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al.'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco

...mplete set of alleles (dominant ''and'' recessive) is referred to as the [[genotype]].

...eimer's disease, and the disease never develops in many subjects with this genotype}}</ref>, its [[sensitivity and specificity]] are insufficient (65 and 68 pe

...oinvasive phenotype of West Nile virus strains varies depending upon virus genotype |journal=Virology |volume=296 |issue=1 |pages=17–23 |year=2002 |pmid=1203

...hor=Cornelis MC, El-Sohemy A, Kabagambe EK, Campos H |title=Coffee, CYP1A2 genotype, and risk of myocardial infarction |journal=JAMA |volume=295 |issue=10 |pag

...function. This produces plants in which neighboring cells have different [[genotype]]s. This feature allows researchers to distinguish between genes that must

...irus.html</ref> The most prevalent strain of rabies is Rabies Virus (RABV; genotype 1), which is the type that infects both bats in the Americas and terrestria

...ative influence of learning and experience versus the role of individual’s genotype. In general terms, this issue is referred to as the Nature-Nurture debate.

...report<ref>FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 174, Rome, 2003, Genotype x environment interactions. Challenges and opportunities for plant breeding

...report<ref>FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper No. 174, Rome, 2003, Genotype x environment interactions. Challenges and opportunities for plant breeding

...e course a ship comes sailing out of nowhere, crewed by people of Fafhrd's genotype. Fafhrd, as though ensorcelled, boards this ship, and (after some minor may

...andomly with four replications. One replications served as a control. Each genotype was planted in a 3:1:1:1 ratio. Each pot had the same environmental conditi

...and knowledge of the genetic code allows us to visualize the pathway from genotype to phenotype. We can now sequence entire genes, and improved cloning techni

* Genotype determination to detect resistance

...P, Phillips MS, Lauwers AE, Koren G| title=Codeine, ultrarapid-metabolism genotype, and postoperative death. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2009 | volume= 361

...to various natural experiments (e.g., symbiogenesis) that lead to emergent genotype-phenotypes.<ref name=reid07/> [[Virus|Viruses]] have few of these characteristics, but they do have a [[genotype]] and phenotype, making them subject to natural selection and evolution. Ac

...igliucci2010>Pigliucci M. (2010) [http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0241 Genotype-phenotype mapping and the end of the 'gene as blueprint' metaphor.] ''Phil.

...ite journal |author=Givens RC, Lin YS, Dowling AL, ''et al'' |title=CYP3A5 genotype predicts renal CYP3A activity and blood pressure in healthy adults |journal

...eimer's disease, and the disease never develops in many subjects with this genotype}}</ref>, its [[sensitivity and specificity]] are insufficient (65 and 68 pe

...to various natural experiments (e.g., symbiogenesis) that lead to emergent genotype-phenotypes.<ref name=reid07/> [[Virus|Viruses]] have few of these characteristics, but they do have a [[genotype]] and phenotype, making them subject to natural selection and evolution. Ac

...author=Zaugg M, Bestmann L, Wacker J, ''et al'' |title=Adrenergic receptor genotype but not perioperative bisoprolol therapy may determine cardiovascular outco

...sponsible for the internally coded, inheritable information defining the [[genotype]]. A further significant discovery was that the paired bases exist in equ