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...depart from the separation of the Coulomb Hamiltonian, first devised by [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation |Born and Oppenheimer]], into an electronic and a nuclear part. The nuclear ...neighboring potential energy surfaces are needed, see the article on the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]] for more details.

...the nuclei and the electron is coupled (hence the name "vibronic"). In the Born-Oppenheimer approximation it is assumed that the motions are completely uncoupled and the transition

...The rovibrational Schrödinger equation arises in the second step of the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]] (BO approximation).

# A geometry of the molecule is chosen (in accordance with the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]] the nuclei are clamped in space).

...onic transitions, which was one of the first papers that went beyond the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]].<ref>G Herzberg and E. Teller ''Schwingungsstruktur der Electronenüberga

...ub>. The clamped nuclei Hamiltonian that arises in the first step of the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]] is

...ed. This also means that the kinetic energy of the nuclei is absent, see [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation]] for more details. Thus, three types of integrals appear: kinetic energy,

...consists only of kinetic energies and Coulomb interactions. Invoking the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation|Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation]], one considers the electronic (clampe Within the [[Born-Oppenheimer approximation|clamped nuclei approximation]], the clamped nucleus &alpha; on ''A'' has po