Prednisone

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(CC) Image: David E. Volk
Prednisone, a synthetic steroid.

Prednisone, also called dehydrocortisone, prednisona, or prednisonum (IUPAC name (8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione) is a synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoidsteroid designed as a mimic of the naturally occuring steroid cortisone. It is used to treat many inflammatory conditions. It is a prodrug that only becomes active after conversion to prednisolone, a glucocorticoid agonist, in the liver. Prednisolone binds to cytoplasmic receptors to control biosynthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes.

indications

Prednisone is use to treat allergies, carditis, systemic dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, psoriasis, acute adrenocortical deficiency, Addison's disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with neoplasms, thyroiditis, ulceratice colitis, Crohn's disease, anemias, erythroblastopenia,thrombocytopenia, bursitis, epicondylitis, tenosynovitis, lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, primary brain tumors, nephrotic syndrome, tuberculous meningitis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, cerebral edema, chorioretinitis, diffuse posterior choroiditis, allergic conjunctivitis, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, iridocyclitis, iritis, keratitis, optoc neuritis, sympathetic ophthalmia, corneal marginal allergic ulcers, symptomatic sarcoidosis, Loeffler's syndrome, berylliosis, andpulmonary tuberculosis. This is not a complete list of conditions for which prednisone is used.

comparison to cortisone and prednisolone

(CC) Image: David E. Volk
Prednisone is a synthetic mimic of cortisone.

Prednisone's structure is based on that of the naturally-occuring corticosteroid cortisone. The only difference between them is the presence of a carbon-carbon double bond in the A ring of prednisone that is not present in cortisone (note arrows in the figure). The active form of the drug, prednisolone, as the name implies ("ol"), has a hydroxyl group on ring C in place of the carbonyl group present in prednisone.

Brand names

External Links

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