Phymatochilum: Difference between revisions

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==Distribution and habit==
==Distribution and habit==
''Phymatochilum brasiliense'' is a comparatively large epiphytic species which inhabits high areas of the [[Atlantic Forest]] of [[Rio de Janeiro State|Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo State|São Paulo]], [[Espírito Santo]] and [[Pernambuco]] States of Brazil,<ref name="OB"><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Pabst, Guido & Dungs, Fritz </span>: '''Orchidaceae Brasilienses vol. 2''' p. 195. Brucke-Verlag Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim, 1978. ISBN 3871050107 </ref> particularly in the warmer areas around [[Serra do Mar]] chain of mountains, where it is somewhat rare. It grows under the shadow of [[tree]]s, however, mostly near the jungles well ventilated clearances where it can get brighter light, between 600 and 1,300 meters of [[altitude]] in dryer areas. It ordinarily grows over the trees where the shade is not intense, on thick branches.<ref><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Baker, Charles O & Baker, Margaret L.</span> (2006), ''Miltonia phymatochila'' in '''Orchid Species Culture''' Oncidium/Odontoglossum Alliance: 345, Timber Press. ISBN 9780881927757 </ref>
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''Phymatochilum brasiliense'' is a comparatively large epiphytic species which inhabits the highest areas of [[Atlantic Forest]] of [[Rio de Janeiro State|Rio de Janeiro]], [[São Paulo State|São Paulo]] and [[Paraná]] States of Brazil,<ref name="OB"><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Pabst, Guido & Dungs, Fritz </span>: '''Orchidaceae Brasilienses vol. 1''' p. 148. Brucke-Verlag Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim, 1975. ISBN 3871050106 </ref> particularly in [[Serra da Mantiqueira]] and [[Serra do Mar]] chains of mountains, where it is very rare. It grows under the shadow of [[tree]]s in shady, humid and well ventilated woods, between 1,000 and 2,200 meters of [[altitude]] on mountains slopes. It ordinarily grows at middle height, pending from thick [[stem]]s, mostly of ''[[Podocarpus]]'' and ''[[Araucaria]]'' species,<ref name="CBGO"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Van den Berg, Cássio</span>: ''Loefgrenianthus'' in '''Genera Orchidacearum Vol.4''', pp. 274-275. Oxford University Press, 2006. ISBN 9780198507123.</ref> despite there are records of plants occasionally growing in thin [[branch]]es too.<ref name="DM"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Miller, David; Richard Warren; Izabel Moura Miller & Helmut Seehawer</span>: '''Serra dos Órgãos sua história e suas orquídeas''', p. 241-242. Rio de Janeiro, 2006.</ref>
Em 2001, com base em resultados de análises filogenéticas o gênero recebeu o acréscimo de mais uma espécie, previamente classificada como Oncidium phymatochilum , a ser classificada como Miltonia phymatochila. Espécie de morfologia por demais divergente das outras Miltonia , esta proposta não encontrou eco entre muitos taxonomistas. Em 2005 Eric Christenson propôs um novo gênero uniespecífico para ela, que seria então denominada Phymatochilum brasiliense .
 
O Phymatochilum brasiliense não guarda praticamente nenhuma semelhança com as outras espécies subordinadas a este gênero. Apresenta pseudobulbos e folhas muito mais robustos. O rizoma é bastante curto e os pseudobulbos agregados, ovóides, curtos, lateralmente comprimidos, mas muito carnosos e fibrosos, arredondados, de cor muito mais escura, com matizes amarronzados, monofoliados, com folha larga, coriácea e bastante grande, no aspecto geral lembrando muito a vegetação da Maxillaria setigera. A inflorescência é paniculada, muito mais alta que as folhas, com mais de uma centena de pequenas flores espaçadas que a primeira vista lembram Oncidium, com sépalas e pétalas eretas e bem explanadas, onduladas, e longamente acuminadas.
 
slightly compressed, enveloped basally by several imbricating sheaths and carrying a single apical, elliptic to elliptic-oblanceolate, coriaceous, acute or obtuse, dark green, speckled red basally leaf and blooms on a pendant, 3 to 6' [90 to 180 cm] long, loosely many flowered, panicle that is pale green with crimson spots and has showy, light, sweet fragrance flowers with highly variable lateral sepals and occurring in the early fall.  
 
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==Description==
==Description==
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Revision as of 16:11, 18 March 2009

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Phymatochilum
Phymatochilum brasiliense.jpg
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Liliopsida
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Tribe: Cymbidieae
Subtribe: Oncidiinae
Genus: Phymatochilum
Christenson 2005
Type species
Oncidium phymatochilum
Lindl. 1848
Species
Synonyms
  • None

Phymatochilum is an orchid genus formed by only one species, Phymatochilum brasiliense, inhabitant of Serra do Mar mountains in Brazilian southeast and northeast, which vegetatively resembles Oncidium species, however, is more closely related to the genus Miltonia.

Distribution and habit

Phymatochilum brasiliense is a comparatively large epiphytic species which inhabits high areas of the Atlantic Forest of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Pernambuco States of Brazil,[1] particularly in the warmer areas around Serra do Mar chain of mountains, where it is somewhat rare. It grows under the shadow of trees, however, mostly near the jungles well ventilated clearances where it can get brighter light, between 600 and 1,300 meters of altitude in dryer areas. It ordinarily grows over the trees where the shade is not intense, on thick branches.[2]

Description

Measures (mm)
Structure Lenght Width
Rhizome 15 15
Leaf 500 100
Pseudobulb 100 70
Inflorescence 1800 -
Flower 50 25
Sepal 35 3
Petal 25 3
Labellum 18 12

Taxonomic notes

References

  1. Pabst, Guido & Dungs, Fritz : Orchidaceae Brasilienses vol. 2 p. 195. Brucke-Verlag Kurt Schmersow, Hildesheim, 1978. ISBN 3871050107
  2. Baker, Charles O & Baker, Margaret L. (2006), Miltonia phymatochila in Orchid Species Culture Oncidium/Odontoglossum Alliance: 345, Timber Press. ISBN 9780881927757