Moderator (nuclear): Difference between revisions

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imported>Howard C. Berkowitz
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imported>Howard C. Berkowitz
(Is this really needed when there's neutron moderator, beryllium reflector, and will be shielding?)
 
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In [[nuclear engineering]], a '''moderator''' is a material that restricts the free flow of various particles, such as [[neutron]]s, or of radiation, such as [[X-ray]]s. In general, materials with a low-Z (i.e., low [[atomic number]], such as [[beryllium]] or [[hydrogen]]) restrict the flow of particles while high-Z materials (e.g., [[lead]], [[uranium]]) block radiation).
In [[nuclear engineering]], a '''moderator''' is a material that restricts the free flow of various particles, such as [[neutron]]s, or of radiation, such as [[X-ray]]s. In general, materials with a low-Z (i.e., low [[atomic number]], such as [[beryllium]] or [[hydrogen]]) restrict the flow of particles (e.g., [[neutron]]s) while high-Z materials (e.g., [[lead]], [[uranium]]) block radiation).
 
Moderators may be in various physical forms. In [[nuclear reactor]]s, [[reactor moderator|neutron moderator]]s may be control rods of [[boron]],  or [[cadmium]], which are be moved in or out of the main reactor area to discourage or encourage the flow of neutrons. [[Graphite]] moderates neutrons as well. [[Water]] and [[heavy water]] can serve as both moderator and [[reactor coolant]].  Solutions containing high concentrations of neutron absorbers can be used to flood a reactor and do an emergency shutdown.
 
[[Beryllium reflector]]s redirect neutrons away from them.

Latest revision as of 16:30, 11 May 2010

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In nuclear engineering, a moderator is a material that restricts the free flow of various particles, such as neutrons, or of radiation, such as X-rays. In general, materials with a low-Z (i.e., low atomic number, such as beryllium or hydrogen) restrict the flow of particles (e.g., neutrons) while high-Z materials (e.g., lead, uranium) block radiation).