J.B.M. Hertzog

James Barry Munnik Hertzog was a prominent South African general and politician. Born in 1866 -- the same year diamonds were discovered in Kimberley, marking the start of South Africa's mineral revolution and, in turn, the protracted struggle between British and Afrikaner forces to control the Transvaal and Orange Free State republics -- Hertzog's military and political career showcased the intense contestations over territorial sovereignty, ethnic and racial identity, and nationalism that were the hallmarks of South Africa's pre-apartheid history.