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{{subpages}}
{{PropDel}}<br><br>{{subpages}}
{{Infobox Single
{{Infobox Single
|name        = Four Sticks
|name        = Four Sticks
|image      =  
|image      =  
|caption    =  
|caption    =  
|album      = ''[[Led Zeppelin IV]]''
|album      = ''Led Zeppelin IV]]''
|published  = Superhype Music
|published  = Superhype Music
|registration = ASCAP 360107582
|registration = ASCAP 360107582
|released    = 21 February 1972
|released    = 21 February 1972
|recorded    = <small>February 1971 at<br />Island Studios, London.<br />Mixed at Olympic Studios, London.</small>
|recorded    = <small>February 1971 at<br />Island Studios, London.<br />Mixed at Olympic Studios, London.</small>
|genre      = Hard rock, [[Rock music|rock]]
|genre      = Hard rock, Rock music|rock]]
|language    = English
|language    = English
|length      = 4 minutes 42 seconds
|length      = 4 minutes 42 seconds
|composer    = [[Jimmy Page]], [[Robert Plant]]
|composer    = Jimmy Page]], Robert Plant]]
|label      = [[Atlantic Records]]
|label      = Atlantic Records]]
|producer    = Jimmy Page
|producer    = Jimmy Page
|engineer    = Andy Johns
|engineer    = Andy Johns
}}
}}
{{TOC|Right}}
{{TOC|Right}}
''''Four Sticks'''' is a song by the [[England|English]] [[rock band]] [[Led Zeppelin]] from their [[Led Zeppelin IV|fourth album]], released in 1971.
''''Four Sticks'''' is a song by the England|English]] rock band]] Led Zeppelin]] from their Led Zeppelin IV|fourth album]], released in 1971.


==Overview==
==Overview==
The title came from the fact that [[drummer]] [[John Bonham]] played with two sets of two [[drumstick]]s, totalling four.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref> His decision to play the song with four sticks was a result of him being very frustrated with not being able to get the track down right during recording sessions at [[Island Studios]].  After he grabbed the second pair of sticks and beat the drums as hard as he could, he recorded the perfect take and that was the one they kept. This song was particularly difficult to record, and required more takes than usual.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref> [[John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]] played a [[Moog synthesizer]] on the track, with an [[EMS VCS3]] for overdubs.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref>
The title came from the fact that drummer]] John Bonham]] played with two sets of two drumstick]]s, totalling four.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref> His decision to play the song with four sticks was a result of him being very frustrated with not being able to get the track down right during recording sessions at Island Studios]].  After he grabbed the second pair of sticks and beat the drums as hard as he could, he recorded the perfect take and that was the one they kept. This song was particularly difficult to record, and required more takes than usual.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref> John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]] played a Moog synthesizer]] on the track, with an EMS VCS3]] for overdubs.<ref>{{cite book|last=Lewis|first=Dave|date=2012|title=Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|pages=56|isbn=978-1-78038-547-1}}</ref>


[[Guitar]]ist [[Jimmy Page]] once said of the song: 'It was supposed to be abstract.' The abstract effect is further achieved by the unusual [[time signature]] of the song, featuring [[guitar riff|riffs]] in a mixture of 5/4 and 6/8 time signatures. After another take during the recording, Jimmy began to play an improvised guitar riff. That riff was later on  developed into the second track of the album, '[[Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]'.
Guitar]]ist Jimmy Page]] once said of the song: 'It was supposed to be abstract.' The abstract effect is further achieved by the unusual time signature]] of the song, featuring guitar riff|riffs]] in a mixture of 5/4 and 6/8 time signatures. After another take during the recording, Jimmy began to play an improvised guitar riff. That riff was later on  developed into the second track of the album, 'Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]'.


The song was re-recorded by Jimmy Page and [[Robert Plant]] with the Bombay Symphony Orchestra in 1972, during their trip to [[India]], along with  another track, '[[Friends (song)|Friends]]' from ''[[Led Zeppelin III]]''.<ref>Liner notes to ''[[Boxed Set 2]]'' by David Fricke</ref> This version featured tabla drums and sitars. The recordings have never been released officially and are only available on [[Led Zeppelin bootleg recordings]].
The song was re-recorded by Jimmy Page and Robert Plant]] with the Bombay Symphony Orchestra in 1972, during their trip to India]], along with  another track, 'Friends (song)|Friends]]' from ''Led Zeppelin III]]''.<ref>Liner notes to ''Boxed Set 2]]'' by David Fricke</ref> This version featured tabla drums and sitars. The recordings have never been released officially and are only available on Led Zeppelin bootleg recordings]].


==Live versions==
==Live versions==
The band is only known to have played this song live once, at [[Copenhagen]] on their [[Led Zeppelin European Tour 1971|1971 European tour]], as has been preserved on some bootleg recordings.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon|title=[[Led Zeppelin: The Concert File]]|edition=Revised|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=2005|pages=139|isbn=978-1-84449-659-4}}</ref>
The band is only known to have played this song live once, at Copenhagen]] on their Led Zeppelin European Tour 1971|1971 European tour]], as has been preserved on some bootleg recordings.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon|title=Led Zeppelin: The Concert File]]|edition=Revised|location=London|publisher=Omnibus Press|year=2005|pages=139|isbn=978-1-84449-659-4}}</ref>


Also in 1994, Robert Plant and Jimmy Page had rejoined in musical collaboration as [[Jimmy Page and Robert Plant]]. On 25 August and 26 August, live performances were taped in [[London]], [[Wales]], and [[Morocco]] with [[Music of Egypt|Egyptian]] and [[Music of Morocco|Moroccan]] orchestration of several Led Zeppelin tunes - 'Four Sticks' was one of them, and the arrangement features drummer [[Michael Lee]] playing with four sticks as well as multiple percussionists such as Hossam Ramzy. This new version of 'Four Sticks' was also included on the album ''[[No Quarter: Jimmy Page and Robert Plant Unledded]]'', and live performances were so successful commercially and artistically that the ensemble coordinated a 1995/1996 world tour.
Also in 1994, Robert Plant and Jimmy Page had rejoined in musical collaboration as Jimmy Page and Robert Plant]]. On 25 August and 26 August, live performances were taped in London]], Wales]], and Morocco]] with Music of Egypt|Egyptian]] and Music of Morocco|Moroccan]] orchestration of several Led Zeppelin tunes - 'Four Sticks' was one of them, and the arrangement features drummer Michael Lee]] playing with four sticks as well as multiple percussionists such as Hossam Ramzy. This new version of 'Four Sticks' was also included on the album ''No Quarter: Jimmy Page and Robert Plant Unledded]]'', and live performances were so successful commercially and artistically that the ensemble coordinated a 1995/1996 world tour.


Robert Plant played a version of the song during his solo tour in 2005, as is included on the DVD release ''[[Soundstage: Robert Plant and the Strange Sensation]]'', although drummer Clive Deamer only plays with two sticks.
Robert Plant played a version of the song during his solo tour in 2005, as is included on the DVD release ''Soundstage: Robert Plant and the Strange Sensation]]'', although drummer Clive Deamer only plays with two sticks.


==Formats and track listings==
==Formats and track listings==
See '[[Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]' single.
See 'Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]' single.


==Credits==
==Credits==
Line 48: Line 48:
**John Bonham - drums, percussion
**John Bonham - drums, percussion
*Production:
*Production:
**[[Peter Grant]] – executive producer
**Peter Grant]] – executive producer
**Andy Johns - engineer, mixing
**Andy Johns - engineer, mixing
**Joe Sidore - original CD mastering engineer (mid-1980s)  
**Joe Sidore - original CD mastering engineer (mid-1980s)  

Revision as of 15:48, 1 April 2024

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Four Sticks
Appears on Led Zeppelin IV]]
Published by Superhype Music
Registration ASCAP 360107582
Release date 21 February 1972
Recorded February 1971 at
Island Studios, London.
Mixed at Olympic Studios, London.
Genre Hard rock, Rock music
Language English
Length 4 minutes 42 seconds
Composer Jimmy Page]], Robert Plant]]
Label Atlantic Records]]
Producer Jimmy Page
Engineer Andy Johns

'Four Sticks' is a song by the England|English]] rock band]] Led Zeppelin]] from their Led Zeppelin IV|fourth album]], released in 1971.

Overview

The title came from the fact that drummer]] John Bonham]] played with two sets of two drumstick]]s, totalling four.[1] His decision to play the song with four sticks was a result of him being very frustrated with not being able to get the track down right during recording sessions at Island Studios]]. After he grabbed the second pair of sticks and beat the drums as hard as he could, he recorded the perfect take and that was the one they kept. This song was particularly difficult to record, and required more takes than usual.[2] John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]] played a Moog synthesizer]] on the track, with an EMS VCS3]] for overdubs.[3]

Guitar]]ist Jimmy Page]] once said of the song: 'It was supposed to be abstract.' The abstract effect is further achieved by the unusual time signature]] of the song, featuring guitar riff|riffs]] in a mixture of 5/4 and 6/8 time signatures. After another take during the recording, Jimmy began to play an improvised guitar riff. That riff was later on developed into the second track of the album, 'Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]'.

The song was re-recorded by Jimmy Page and Robert Plant]] with the Bombay Symphony Orchestra in 1972, during their trip to India]], along with another track, 'Friends (song)|Friends]]' from Led Zeppelin III]].[4] This version featured tabla drums and sitars. The recordings have never been released officially and are only available on Led Zeppelin bootleg recordings]].

Live versions

The band is only known to have played this song live once, at Copenhagen]] on their Led Zeppelin European Tour 1971|1971 European tour]], as has been preserved on some bootleg recordings.[5]

Also in 1994, Robert Plant and Jimmy Page had rejoined in musical collaboration as Jimmy Page and Robert Plant]]. On 25 August and 26 August, live performances were taped in London]], Wales]], and Morocco]] with Music of Egypt|Egyptian]] and Music of Morocco|Moroccan]] orchestration of several Led Zeppelin tunes - 'Four Sticks' was one of them, and the arrangement features drummer Michael Lee]] playing with four sticks as well as multiple percussionists such as Hossam Ramzy. This new version of 'Four Sticks' was also included on the album No Quarter: Jimmy Page and Robert Plant Unledded]], and live performances were so successful commercially and artistically that the ensemble coordinated a 1995/1996 world tour.

Robert Plant played a version of the song during his solo tour in 2005, as is included on the DVD release Soundstage: Robert Plant and the Strange Sensation]], although drummer Clive Deamer only plays with two sticks.

Formats and track listings

See 'Rock and Roll (Led Zeppelin song)|Rock and Roll]]' single.

Credits

Personnel
  • Musicians:
    • Jimmy Page – electric guitar, producer, remastering, digital remastering
    • Robert Plant – vocals
    • John Paul Jones – Moog synthesizer, EMS VCS3, bass guitar
    • John Bonham - drums, percussion
  • Production:
    • Peter Grant]] – executive producer
    • Andy Johns - engineer, mixing
    • Joe Sidore - original CD mastering engineer (mid-1980s)
    • George Marino - remastered CD engineer (1990)

References

  1. ↑ Lewis, Dave (2012). Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream. London: Omnibus Press, 56. ISBN 978-1-78038-547-1. 
  2. ↑ Lewis, Dave (2012). Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream. London: Omnibus Press, 56. ISBN 978-1-78038-547-1. 
  3. ↑ Lewis, Dave (2012). Led Zeppelin: From a Whisper to a Scream. London: Omnibus Press, 56. ISBN 978-1-78038-547-1. 
  4. ↑ Liner notes to Boxed Set 2]] by David Fricke
  5. ↑ Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Simon (2005). Led Zeppelin: The Concert File]], Revised. London: Omnibus Press, 139. ISBN 978-1-84449-659-4. 
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