Erlang (programming language)/Tutorials: Difference between revisions

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imported>Eric Evers
imported>Eric Evers
Line 8: Line 8:
===Hello World (parallel)===
===Hello World (parallel)===
===Prime Sieve (parallel with linda type coordination)===
===Prime Sieve (parallel with linda type coordination)===
-module(primes).
-copyright(' Gnu version 3 (c) 2008 Eric Evers').
 
% This is a simple linda tuplespace. Here we use it to find primes  numbers.
% This tuple-space can not have duplicate tuples, but with a prime sieve it does
%  not matter.
-compile(export_all).
start() -> start(100).  % defualt value for max is 100
start(Max) ->
io:format("  Loading ~w numbers into matrix (+N) \n ", [ Max ] ),
Lid = spawn_link( primes, linda, [Max, [], [] ]),
Sqrt = round(math:sqrt(Max)+0.5), 
io:format(" Sqrt(~w) + 1 = ~w \n " , [Max,Sqrt] ), 
io:format(" Tuple space is started ~n ",[]), 
io:format(" ~w sieves are spawning (+PN) ~n ", [Sqrt] ),
io:format(" Non prime sieves are being halted (-PN) ~n ", [] ),
% load numbers into tuplespace
% and spawn seive process
spawn( primes, put_it, [Max, Max, Lid] ).
sleep(N) ->
receive
after N -> time_is_up 
end.
start_sieves(Lid) ->
Lid ! {self(), get, all, pids}, 
receive
{lindagram, pids, Pids} -> done
end,
start_sieve_loop(Pids).
start_sieve_loop([]) -> done;
start_sieve_loop([Pid|Pids]) ->
receive
after 100 -> done
end,
Pid ! {start},
start_sieve_loop(Pids).
spawn_sieves( _Max, Sqrt, _Lid, Sqrt ) -> done; 
spawn_sieves( Max, Inc, Lid, Sqrt ) ->
T = 1000,
Pid = spawn( primes, sieve, [ Max, Inc+Inc, Inc, Lid, T ]),
Name = list_to_atom("P" ++ integer_to_list(Inc)),
Lid ! {put, pid, Name},
register( Name, Pid),
io:format(" +~s ", [atom_to_list(Name)]),
spawn_sieves( Max, Inc+1, Lid, Sqrt ).
put_it(Max, N, Lid) when N =< 1 ->
Sqrt = round(math:sqrt(Max)+0.5),
spawn_sieves( Max, 2, Lid, Sqrt ); 
put_it(Max, N,Lid) when N > 1 ->
receive
after 0 ->
Lid ! {put, N, N},
if
N rem 1000 == 0 ->
io:format(" +~w ", [N]);
true -> done
end,
put_it(Max, N-1,Lid)
end.
% the 2 sieve starts last and has the most to do so it finishes last
sieve(Max, N, 2, Lid, _T) when N > Max ->
io:format("final sieve ~w done, ~n", [2] ),
Lid ! {dump,output};
sieve(Max, N, Inc, _Lid, _T) when N > Max ->   
io:format("sieve ~w done ", [Inc] );
sieve(Max, N, Inc, Lid, T) when N =< Max -> 
receive
after
T -> NT = 0 
end,
receive
{lindagram,Number} when Number =/= undefined ->
clearing_the_queue;
{exit} -> exit(normal)
after
1 -> done
end,
% remove multiple of number from tuple-space
Lid ! {self(), get, N},
Some_time = (N rem 1000)==0,
if Some_time -> io:format("."); true -> done end,
% remove (multiple of Inc) from sieve-process space
Name = list_to_atom("P" ++ integer_to_list(N)),
Exists = lists:member( Name, registered()),
if
Exists ->
Name ! {exit},
io:format(" -~s ", [atom_to_list(Name)] );
true -> done
end,
sieve(Max, N+Inc, Inc, Lid, NT). % next multiple
%% linda is a simple tutple space
%%    if it receives no messages for 2 whole seconds it dumps its  contents
%%    as output and halts
linda(Max, Keys, Pids) ->
    receive
{put, pid, Pid} ->
linda(Max, Keys, Pids++[Pid]);
        {put, Name, Value} ->
put( Name, Value),
linda(Max, Keys++[Name], Pids);
{From, get, Name} ->
From ! {lindagram, get( Name)},
erase( Name ),            % get is a desructive read 
linda(Max, Keys--[Name],Pids);
{From, get, all, pids} ->
From ! {lindagram, pids, Pids},
linda(Max, Keys, Pids );
{From, get, pid, Pid} ->
L1 = length( Pids ),
L2 = length( Pids -- [Pid]),
if
L1 > L2 ->  % if it exists
From ! {lindagram, pid, Pid};
true ->
From ! {lindagram, pid, undefined}
end,
linda(Max, Keys, Pids );
{dump,output} ->
io:format(" ~w final primes remain: ~w ~n ", [length(Keys),  lists:sort(Keys) ])
after (100*Max) -> % if there is not tuple action after some time then print the results
io:format(" ~w primes remain: ~w ~n ", [length(Keys),  lists:sort(Keys) ])
    end.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 17:02, 12 April 2008

Erlang Language Programming Tutorials

Overview

Simple Types

Advanced Types

Examples

Hello World (serial)

Hello World (parallel)

Prime Sieve (parallel with linda type coordination)

References

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