Diabetic ketoacidosis: Difference between revisions
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In [[medicine]], '''diabetic ketoacidosis''' ('''DKA''') is a type of metabolic [[acidosis]] that is a "life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of [[Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus]] with severe [[insulin]] deficiency and | In [[medicine]], '''diabetic ketoacidosis''' ('''DKA''') is a type of metabolic [[acidosis]] that is a "life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of [[Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus]] with severe [[insulin]] deficiency and [[hyperglycemia]]. It is characterized by excessive [[lipolysis]], oxidation of fatty acids, production of ketone bodies, a sweet smell to the breath ([[ketosis]];) [[dehydration]]; and depressed consciousness leading to [[coma]].<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
As is treated, DKA converts from a high anion gap metabolic [[acidosis]] to a normal anion gap metabolic [[acidosis]] due to "excretion of ketone anions in the urine"<ref name="pmid102229">{{cite journal |author=Oh MS, Carroll HJ, Goldstein DA, Fein IA |title=Hyperchloremic acidosis during the recovery phase of diabetic ketosis |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=89 |issue=6 |pages=925–7 |year=1978 |month=December |pmid=102229 |doi= |url= |issn=}}</ref>, especially if excreted with sodium or potassium cations. | Treatment begins with fluid replacement; insulin is not started immediately. It is often secondary to infection or other comorbidity, which must be diagnosed and treated. <ref name=eMedicine>{{citation | ||
| url = http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766275-print | |||
| journal = eMedicine | date = February 12, 2008 | author = Rucker DW | |||
| title = Diabetic ketoacidosis | |||
}}</ref>As it is treated, DKA converts from a high anion gap metabolic [[acidosis]] to a normal anion gap metabolic [[acidosis]] due to "excretion of ketone anions in the urine"<ref name="pmid102229">{{cite journal |author=Oh MS, Carroll HJ, Goldstein DA, Fein IA |title=Hyperchloremic acidosis during the recovery phase of diabetic ketosis |journal=Ann. Intern. Med. |volume=89 |issue=6 |pages=925–7 |year=1978 |month=December |pmid=102229 |doi= |url= |issn=}}</ref>, especially if excreted with sodium or potassium cations. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
Revision as of 17:39, 26 May 2009
In medicine, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a type of metabolic acidosis that is a "life-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus, primarily of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus with severe insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia. It is characterized by excessive lipolysis, oxidation of fatty acids, production of ketone bodies, a sweet smell to the breath (ketosis;) dehydration; and depressed consciousness leading to coma.[1]
Treatment begins with fluid replacement; insulin is not started immediately. It is often secondary to infection or other comorbidity, which must be diagnosed and treated. [2]As it is treated, DKA converts from a high anion gap metabolic acidosis to a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis due to "excretion of ketone anions in the urine"[3], especially if excreted with sodium or potassium cations.
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Diabetic ketoacidosis (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Rucker DW (February 12, 2008), "Diabetic ketoacidosis", eMedicine
- ↑ Oh MS, Carroll HJ, Goldstein DA, Fein IA (December 1978). "Hyperchloremic acidosis during the recovery phase of diabetic ketosis". Ann. Intern. Med. 89 (6): 925–7. PMID 102229. [e]