Defense Support Program: Difference between revisions
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'''Defense Support Program (DSP)''' satellites and associated ground facilities are an aging system of space-based | '''Defense Support Program (DSP)''' satellites and associated ground facilities are an aging system of space-based infrared sensors that detect the intense heat of missile launches and nuclear explosions. They do not form images, but are electro-optical MASINT sensors that measure the intensity and wavelengths of radiation in a grid of locations on earth (i.e., spectroscopic MASINT), based on an idea first proposed in 1948<ref>{{citation | ||
| author = J.A. Curcio and J.A. Sanderson | | author = J.A. Curcio and J.A. Sanderson | ||
| id = Naval Research Laboratory, NRL Report No. N-3327 | | id = Naval Research Laboratory, NRL Report No. N-3327 | ||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
| date = 26 July 1948 | | date = 26 July 1948 | ||
| title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | | title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | ||
| publisher = | | publisher = National Security Archive, George Washington University | ||
| editor = Jeffrey Richelson | | editor = Jeffrey Richelson | ||
| url = http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/01.pdf | | url = http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/01.pdf | ||
}}</ref> In the program, the first satellite was launched in 1970 and the last in 2007.<ref>{{citation | }}</ref> In the program, the first satellite was launched in 1970 and the last in 2007.<ref>{{citation | ||
| title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | | title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | ||
| publisher = | | publisher = National Security Archive, George Washington University | ||
| id = Electronic Briefing Book No. 235 | | id = Electronic Briefing Book No. 235 | ||
| editor = | | editor = Jeffrey Richelson | ||
| date = 9 November 2007 | | date = 9 November 2007 | ||
| url =http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/index.htm | | url =http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/index.htm | ||
}}</ref> They are due to be replaced by two variants of the | }}</ref> They are due to be replaced by two variants of the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS), one in satellite orbits#geosynchronous orbit|geosynchronous orbit as is DSP <ref name=>{{citation | ||
| title = First SBIRS early warning satellite delayed until 2011 | | title = First SBIRS early warning satellite delayed until 2011 | ||
| author = Steven Clark | | author = Steven Clark | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
| date = 25 June 1962s | | date = 25 June 1962s | ||
| title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | | title = Space-Based Early Warning: From MIDAS to DSP to SBIR: Last DSP satellite to be launched tomorrow | ||
| publisher = | | publisher = National Security Archive, George Washington University | ||
| editor = Jeffrey Richelson | | editor = Jeffrey Richelson | ||
| url = http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/01.pdf | | url = http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB235/01.pdf | ||
}}</ref> DSP has gone through a variety of names, as has the SBIRS system. Renamed called the Satellite Early Warning System (SEWS) in 1999, DSP remains the best-known name, as the descendant of several generations of spacecraft,<ref name=Richelson1999>{{citation | }}</ref> DSP has gone through a variety of names, as has the SBIRS system. Renamed called the Satellite Early Warning System (SEWS) in 1999, DSP remains the best-known name, as the descendant of several generations of spacecraft,<ref name=Richelson1999>{{citation | ||
| title = America's Space Sentinels: DSP Satellites and National Security | | title = America's Space Sentinels: DSP Satellites and National Security | ||
| author = | | author = Jeffrey Richelson | ||
| publisher = University of Kansas Press | year = 1999}}</ref> which are operated by the | | publisher = University of Kansas Press | year = 1999}}</ref> which are operated by the Fourteenth Air Force. Originally, DSP was known by the classified name Program 949, and, after that became known, Program 647. | ||
The fUSSR/ | The fUSSR/Russia|Russian Prognoz spacecraft has been described, by US sources, as having similar capabilities to DSP.<ref name=IOSS3>{{citation | ||
| url = http://www.fas.org/irp/nsa/ioss/threat96/part03.htm | | url = http://www.fas.org/irp/nsa/ioss/threat96/part03.htm | ||
| title = Operations Security Intelligence Threat Handbook, Section 3, Adversary Foreign Intelligence Operations | | title = Operations Security Intelligence Threat Handbook, Section 3, Adversary Foreign Intelligence Operations | ||
| Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
Originally intended to detect the intense heat of an | Originally intended to detect the intense heat of an ICBM launch, this system proved useful at a theater level in 1990-1991. It detected the launch of Iraqi SS-1 SCUD missiles in time to give early warning to potential targets. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Latest revision as of 12:18, 22 March 2024
| This article may be deleted soon. | ||
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 Defense Support Program (DSP) satellites and associated ground facilities are an aging system of space-based infrared sensors that detect the intense heat of missile launches and nuclear explosions. They do not form images, but are electro-optical MASINT sensors that measure the intensity and wavelengths of radiation in a grid of locations on earth (i.e., spectroscopic MASINT), based on an idea first proposed in 1948[1] In the program, the first satellite was launched in 1970 and the last in 2007.[2] They are due to be replaced by two variants of the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS), one in satellite orbits#geosynchronous orbit|geosynchronous orbit as is DSP [3] Their precessor was the prototype Missile Defense Alarm System (MIDAS).[4] DSP has gone through a variety of names, as has the SBIRS system. Renamed called the Satellite Early Warning System (SEWS) in 1999, DSP remains the best-known name, as the descendant of several generations of spacecraft,[5] which are operated by the Fourteenth Air Force. Originally, DSP was known by the classified name Program 949, and, after that became known, Program 647. The fUSSR/Russia|Russian Prognoz spacecraft has been described, by US sources, as having similar capabilities to DSP.[6] Originally intended to detect the intense heat of an ICBM launch, this system proved useful at a theater level in 1990-1991. It detected the launch of Iraqi SS-1 SCUD missiles in time to give early warning to potential targets. References
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