Pulmonary hypertension

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In medicine, pulmonary hypertension is "increased vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation, usually secondary to heart diseases or lung diseases."[1]

Diagnosis

The echocardiogram may be more than 10 mm/Hg in error in half of cases.[2]

Treatment

For all patients, consider:

For patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV symptoms inspite of calcium-channel antagonists, consider:

Perioperative care

The preoperative care and perioperative care (including intraoperative care and postoperative care) has been reviewed.[3][4]

References