Europe/Addendum

The states of Europe

state	capital	official state language	European Union member	Council of Europe member	NATO member	GDP/head 2009 $ Each table matches with a lower range language family. Languages are presented in a geographic order, mainly from west to east and from north to south. Basque language language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Basque Spain, France Spain (R) endangered Indo-European languages Celtic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Irish Ireland, United Kingdom Ireland endangered Scottish Gaelic United Kingdom United Kingdom (R) endangered Manx Isle of Man endangered Welsh United Kingdom United Kingdom (R) endangered Cornish United Kingdom endangered Breton France endangered Germanic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Icelandic Iceland Iceland Faroese Faroe Islands Faroe Islands (R) Norwegian Norway Norway Swedish Sweden, Finland Sweden, Finland Danish Denmark, Sweden Denmark (endangered in Sweden) English United Kingdom United Kingdom, Ireland Frisian Netherlands, Germany endangered Dutch Netherlands, Belgium, France, Germany Netherlands, Belgium Low German Germany, Netherlands endangered German Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Italy, France Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Italy (R) (endangered in France) Yiddish scattered across Central Europe endangered Romance languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Galician-Portuguese Portugal, Spain Portugal, Spain (R) (endangered in Spain) Asturian-Leonese Spain, Portugal Portugal (R) endangered Spanish Spain Spain Aragonese Spain endangered Catalan Spain, France, Andorra, Italy Andorra, Spain (R) endangered Occitan France, Italy, Spain, Monaco Spain (R) endangered Francoprovençal (Arpitan) France, Switzerland, Italy endangered French France, Belgium, Switzerland, Channel Islands France, Belgium, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Monaco (endangered in the Channel Islands) Romansh Switzerland Switzerland endangered Ladin Italy endangered Friulian Italy endangered Northern Italian Italy, Switzerland, Monaco, San Marino, Slovenia, Croatia endangered Italian Italy Italy, Switzerland, San Marino Corsican France, Italy endangered Sardinian Italy endangered Romanian Romania, Moldova, Balkans Romania, Moldova Baltic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Latvian Latvia Latvia Lithuanian Lithuania Lithuania Slavic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Sorbian (Lusatian) Germany Germany (R) endangered Kashubian Poland endangered Polish Poland Poland Czech Czechia Czechia Slovakian Slovakia Slovakia Belarussian Belarus, Russia Belarus endangered Ukrainian Ukraine, Poland, Slovakia Ukraine Russian Russia Russia, Belarus, Moldova (R) Slovenian Slovenia, Italy, Austria Slovenia (endangered in Italy and Austria) Croatian (Serbo-Croatian) Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnian (Serbo-Croatian) Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbian (Serbo-Croatian) (including Montenegrin) Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Croatia Serbia, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo Macedonian Republic of Macedonia, Greece Republic of Macedonia (endangered in Greece) Bulgarian Bulgaria, Greece Bulgaria (endangered in Greece) Albanian language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Albanian Albania, Kosovo, Republic of Macedonia, Greece Albania, Kosovo (endangered in Greece) Greek language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Greek Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Turkey Greece, Albania (endangered in Albania, Turkey and Northern Cyprus) Indo-Iranian languages Iranian languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status)) vitality Ossetic Russia, South Ossetia South Ossetia endangered Zaza Turkey endangered Kurdish Turkey endangered Indo-Aryan languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Romany scattered across Europe endangered Armenian language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Armenian Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Turkey Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh (endangered in Turkey) Afro-Asiatic languages Semitic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Maltese Malta Malta Arabic Turkey endangered Uralic languages Finno-Ugric languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Sami (Lappish) Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia endangered Finnish (including Karelian) Finland, Russia, Sweden Finland (endangered in Russia and Sweden) Estonian Estonia Estonia Livonian Latvia endangered Veps Russia endangered Komi Russia Russia (R) endangered Udmurt Russia Russia (R) endangered Mari Russia Russia (R) endangered Erza Russia Russia (R) endangered Moksha Russia Russia (R) endangered Hungarian Hungary, Slovakia, Romania, Austria, Serbia Hungary (endangered in Slovakia, Romania, Austria and Serbia) Samoyedic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Nenets Russia endangered Altaic languages Turkic languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Turkish Turkey, Cyprus, Greece, Bulgaria Turkey, Cyprus (endangered in Greece and Bulgaria) Gagauz Moldova, Ukraine Moldova (R) endangered Chuvash Russia Russia (R) endangered Crimean Tatar Ukraine endangered Volga Tatar Russia Russia (R) endangered Bashkort (Bashkir) Russia Russia (R) endangered Kumyk Russia endangered Karachay-Balkar Russia Russia (R) endangered Nogay Russia Russia (R) endangered Azeri Azerbaijan, Iran Azerbaijan Mongolian language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Mongolian (Kalmyk) Russia Russia (R) endangered North Caucasian languages The unity of the North Caucasian family is debated among specialists. Northwest Caucasian languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Abkhaz-Abaza Abkhazia, Russia Abkhazia endangered Circassian (Adyghe, Kabardian) Russia Russia (R) endangered Northeast Caucasian languages language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Chechen Russia Russia (R) endangered Ingush Russia Russia (R) endangered many languages in Russia (Daghestan) and Azerbaijan, including: Bats, Avar, Andi, Lak, Dargwa, Lezgian, Tabasaran, Aghul, Udi, Rutul, etc. Russia, Azerbaijan (R) (for some of them) endangered Kartvelian languages (South Caucasian languages) language approximate location official status in: (R = regional, official status) vitality Georgian Georgia Georgia (R) Svan Georgia endangered Mingrelian Georgia endangered Laz Turkey, Georgia endangered Footnotes