AK-47

Perhaps the most common military rifle in the world, the AK-47 is an assault rifle designed by the Soviet, Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov. In its most common form, introduced in 1949, the AK-47 fires a 7.62mm bullet, specifically from the intermediate-power 7.62x39 cartridge, from a distinctive curved 30-round magazine.

Variants of the basic AK-47 that fire the same ammunition include the folding-stock AK-101/102/103/104.

Introduced in 1974, the similar-appearing AKS-74 fires a smaller 5.45mm bullet. Following a world trend in using smaller caliber bullet, the AKS-74 is to the AK-47 as the U.S. M-16 is to the 7.62mm M-14. The AK-74M fires the same ammunition, but is made of lighter and more rugged materials.

Kalashnikov-designed rifles have an excellent reputation for reliability and needing minimum maintenance; the U.S. M-16, especially in its earliest versions, was more prone to jam unless carefully maintained. The original M-16 also had a smaller 20-round magazine.