M1 Garand rifle
The basic infantry weapon of U.S. forces in the Second World War, as well as one still used in less advanced militaries as well as in sporting derivatives, the M-1 Garand rifle was a clip-fed semi-automatic rifle, firing a .30-06 full-power rifle cartridge. [1]
It was replaced briefly by the M-14 rifle, also firing a full-power NATO 7.62mm cartridge, which, in turn, has been replaced by the M-16 family of assault rifles firing the intermediate power 5.56mm round. The most commonly issued U.S. rifle is the M-4 variant of the M-16. Both the M14 and M16 were capable of full-automatic, although the lastest versions fire either in semi-automatic mode, or a burst of three shots fired automatically.
Principles of operation
Tactical use
Variants
The M-1C and M-1D are highly accurate versions optimized for use by snipers.
Ammunition
| Type | Purpose | Identification |
|---|---|---|
| Ball, M-2 | This is the basic solid round for general use | It is the only round with no special markings |
| Armor piercing, M-2 | lightly armored vehicles, protective shelters, and personnel | Black bullet tip |
| Armor piercing incendiary, M-14 | inflammable targets | white or aluminum buklet tim |
| Incendiary, M-1 | unarmored, flammable targets | Blue bullet tip |
| Rifle grenade, M-3 | propelling rifle grenades | no bullet; mouth of cartridge case is crimped |
| Blank, M-1909 | observing fire, incendiary, marking targets | Red bullet tip |
| Tracer | Practice and salutes | No bullet, case sealed with red lacquer |
| Dummy, M-50 | mechanical training | either grooved case and tin plated, or holes drilled in the case |
| Match | Competitive shooting | stamped "MATCH" |
References
- ↑ Field Manual 23-5 for the U.S. Rifle, CALIBER .30, M1, Department of the Army, May 1965, FM 23-5