User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox

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Special areas of volatility research and technology development

Odors from volatile substances acting as social behavioral signals or codes

The ability to recognize individuals or their genetic relatedness has an important role in the social behavior of mammals. Mammalian social systems rely on signals passed between individuals that provide information about sex, reproductive status, individual identity, ownership, competitive ability and health status. Many of these signals take the form of volatile substances that are used to signal at a distance and are sensed by the mammalian olfactory systems. Despite the complexities of all mammalian societies, there are instances where volatile single molecules can act as classical pheromones attracting interest and approach behavior. The behavior of most, if not all, insect species are also highly dependent upon the olfactory perception of odors from volatile substances.

Comprehensive reviews of the research work in this area are available on the Internet.[1][2]

Ionic liquids

Ionic liquids consist exclusively, or almost exclusively, of ions and and were traditionally known in the past as molten salts. Over the past twenty years or so, they have become to be defined as salts having melting points below the arbitrarily chosen temperature of 100 °C. Most ionic liquids consist of organic cations and either organic or inorganic anions. Binary mixtures of an organic salt and an inorganic salt are also ionic liquids.[3]

Aqueous solutions of salts are not classified as ionic liquids because they do not consist exclusively of ions.

References

  1. Peter Brennan and Keith Kendrick (2006). "Mammalian social odours: attraction and individual recognition". Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 261 (1476): 2061-2078.
  2. M. de Bruyne and T. C. Baker (2008). "Odor Detection in Insects: Volatile Codes". J. Chem. Eco. 34: 882-897.
  3. Michael Freemantle (2009). An Introduction to Ionic Liquids, 1st Edition. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 1-84755-161-0. 

Michael Freemantle (2009). An Introduction to Ionic Liquids, 1st Edition. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 1-84755-161-0.