Gauss (unit): Difference between revisions
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imported>Paul Wormer (New page: {{subpages}} In physics, '''gauss''' (symbol G) is the unit of strength of magnetic flux density '''B''' (also known as magnetic induction). The unit is named in honor of the Germa...) |
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In [[physics]], '''gauss''' (symbol G) is the unit of strength of [[magnetic flux density]] '''B''' (also known as magnetic induction). The unit is named in honor of the German mathematician and physicist [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]. | In [[physics]], '''gauss''' (symbol G) is the unit of strength of [[magnetic flux density]] '''B''' (also known as magnetic induction). The gauss belongs to the [[Gaussian system]] of electromagnetic units, which is a cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system. The unit is named in honor of the German mathematician and physicist [[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]. | ||
The gauss is defined through an electromotive force <math>\scriptstyle \mathcal{E}</math> induced by a change in magnetic field '''B'''. For constant surface ''S'' and uniform rate of decrease of |'''B'''|, [[Faraday's law (electromagnetism)|Faraday's law]] takes the simple form | |||
The gauss is defined through an electromotive force <math>\scriptstyle \mathcal{E}</math>. For constant surface ''S'' and uniform rate of decrease of |'''B'''|, [[Faraday's law]] takes the simple form | |||
:<math> | :<math> | ||
|\mathbf{B}| = \frac{\Phi}{S} = - \frac{t\,\mathcal{E}}{S} . | |||
</math> | </math> | ||
Hence, gauss is maxwell per unit surface, where [[maxwell]] (symbol Mx) is the Gaussian unit for the [[magnetic flux]] Φ, and |'''B'''| is clearly a flux density. | |||
In Gaussian units ''S'' is in cm<sup>2</sup>, time ''t'' in [[second|s]], <math>\scriptstyle \mathcal{E}</math> in [[abvolt|abV]] ( = 10<sup>−8</sup> [[volt]]), |'''B'''| in G, and Φ in Mx: | |||
: 1 G = 1 Mx/cm<sup>2</sup> = 1 abV⋅s/cm<sup>2</sup> | |||
==Related units== | ==Related units== | ||
* The [[tesla]] (T) is the corresponding [[SI]] unit for '''B'''. 1 T corresponds to 10 000 G. | * The [[tesla]] (T) is the corresponding [[SI]] unit for '''B'''. 1 T corresponds to 10 000 G. | ||
* The [[oersted]] is the Gaussian unit of strength of a [[magnetic field]] '''H'''. Note that the oersted is defined by means of an electric current that gives '''H'''. | * The [[oersted]] is the Gaussian unit of strength of a [[magnetic field]] '''H'''. Note that the oersted is defined by means of an electric current that gives '''H'''. | ||
Revision as of 10:49, 8 July 2008
In physics, gauss (symbol G) is the unit of strength of magnetic flux density B (also known as magnetic induction). The gauss belongs to the Gaussian system of electromagnetic units, which is a cgs (centimeter-gram-second) system. The unit is named in honor of the German mathematician and physicist Carl Friedrich Gauss.
The gauss is defined through an electromotive force induced by a change in magnetic field B. For constant surface S and uniform rate of decrease of |B|, Faraday's law takes the simple form
Hence, gauss is maxwell per unit surface, where maxwell (symbol Mx) is the Gaussian unit for the magnetic flux Φ, and |B| is clearly a flux density.
In Gaussian units S is in cm2, time t in s, in abV ( = 10−8 volt), |B| in G, and Φ in Mx:
- 1 G = 1 Mx/cm2 = 1 abV⋅s/cm2
Related units
- The tesla (T) is the corresponding SI unit for B. 1 T corresponds to 10 000 G.
- The oersted is the Gaussian unit of strength of a magnetic field H. Note that the oersted is defined by means of an electric current that gives H.