Supply and demand/Tutorials: Difference between revisions

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imported>Nick Gardner
imported>Nick Gardner
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==Graphical representations of supply and demand==
==Graphical representations==
===The shape of the demand curve===
===The shape of the demand curve===
The converse of the premise stated in the article is that the less of a thing that a person possesses, the more he is prepared to pay to acquire a little more of it. That means that, as price is increased, a progressively larger  increase is needed to produce a given reduction in demand. Thus the slope of the price/demand curve increases as price is increased and falls as price is reduced - leading to a curve that is concave when viewed from above.
The converse of the premise stated in the article is that the less of a thing that a person possesses, the more he is prepared to pay to acquire a little more of it. That means that, as price is increased, a progressively larger  increase is needed to produce a given reduction in demand. Thus the slope of the price/demand curve increases as price is increased and falls as price is reduced - leading to a curve that is concave when viewed from above.
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This is the stylised representation of the law of supply and demand  
This is the stylised representation of the law of supply and demand  


that is often used for teaching purposes (with the labels reversed,
that is often used for teaching purposes (with the supply and demand


unfortunately). As it stands it adds nothing to Marshall's simple
labels reversed, unfortunately). As it stands it adds nothing to Marshall's  


statement, but it is used as an introduction to the use of such
simple statement, but it is used as an introduction to the use of such


diagrams to illustrate the concepts of consumer's and supplier's  
diagrams to illustrate the concepts of consumer's and supplier's surplus,


surplus, and to demonstrate  the impact upon them of taxes and subsidies
and to demonstrate  the impact upon them of taxes and subsidies, as in the
 
following diagram.




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==The algebra of elasticity==
==The algebra of elasticity==

Revision as of 04:43, 27 April 2008

This article is developed but not approved.
Main Article
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Tutorials relating to the topic of Supply and demand.

(Introduction to be added)


Graphical representations

The shape of the demand curve

The converse of the premise stated in the article is that the less of a thing that a person possesses, the more he is prepared to pay to acquire a little more of it. That means that, as price is increased, a progressively larger increase is needed to produce a given reduction in demand. Thus the slope of the price/demand curve increases as price is increased and falls as price is reduced - leading to a curve that is concave when viewed from above.

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PD Image

The basic diagram

This is the stylised representation of the law of supply and demand

that is often used for teaching purposes (with the supply and demand

labels reversed, unfortunately). As it stands it adds nothing to Marshall's

simple statement, but it is used as an introduction to the use of such

diagrams to illustrate the concepts of consumer's and supplier's surplus,

and to demonstrate the impact upon them of taxes and subsidies, as in the

following diagram.




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PD Image

Consumers surplus and the effect of tax

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The algebra of elasticity