Liver function test: Difference between revisions
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==Causes of elevated test results== | ==Causes of elevated test results== | ||
Increased blood levels of alanine transaminase have been associated with eating fast food twice a day while limiting [[exercise]].<ref name="pmid18276725">{{cite journal |author=Kechagias S, Ernersson A, Dahlqvist O, Lundberg P, Lindström T, Nystrom FH |title=Fast food based hyper-alimentation can induce rapid and profound elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase in healthy subjects |journal=Gut |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=18276725 |doi=10.1136/gut.2007.131797}}</ref> The intervention in the trial aimed to "double the regular caloric intake in combination with adoption of a sedentary lifestyle for four weeks."<ref name="pmid18276725"/> | Increased blood levels of alanine transaminase have been associated with eating fast food twice a day while limiting [[exercise]].<ref name="pmid18276725">{{cite journal |author=Kechagias S, Ernersson A, Dahlqvist O, Lundberg P, Lindström T, Nystrom FH |title=Fast food based hyper-alimentation can induce rapid and profound elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase in healthy subjects |journal=Gut |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=18276725 |doi=10.1136/gut.2007.131797}}</ref> The intervention in the trial aimed to "double the regular caloric intake in combination with adoption of a sedentary lifestyle for four weeks."<ref name="pmid18276725"/> | ||
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|+ Patterns of abnormalities of liver function tests | |||
! !! Suggested underlying cause | |||
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| AST/ALT ratio > 1<ref name="pmid2774372">{{cite journal| author=Van Ness MM, Diehl AM| title=Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes? | journal=Ann Intern Med | year= 1989 | volume= 111 | issue= 6 | pages= 473-8 | pmid=2774372 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://annals.org/content/111/6/473.full.pdf+html }} </ref> || [[Alcoholic liver disease]]s | |||
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| [[Alkaline phosphatase]] to total [[bilirubin]] ratio <4<ref name="pmid18798336">{{cite journal| author=Korman JD, Volenberg I, Balko J, Webster J, Schiodt FV, Squires RH et al.| title=Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: a comparison of currently available diagnostic tests. | journal=Hepatology | year= 2008 | volume= 48 | issue= 4 | pages= 1167-74 | pmid=18798336 | doi=10.1002/hep.22446 | pmc= | url= }} </ref><br/>AST/ALT ratio > 2.2<ref name="pmid18798336"/> || [[Hepatolenticular degeneration]] (Wilson's Disease) | |||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 23:58, 29 December 2010
In clinical medicine, liver function tests include tests for:[1]
- Surrogates for hepatic cell breakdown
- Transaminases
- alanine transaminase[2] (ALT)formerly called glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)
- aspartate aminotransferase (AST)[3], formerly called glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT)
- Lactic dehydrogenase
- Transaminases
- Indicators of obstruction
- Alkaline phosphatase
- 5’-NT (5-nucleotidase)
- GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase)
- Bilirubin
- Hepatic synthetic function
- Protein
- Coagulation factors
- Tumor markers
- Special
- Copper metabolism
- Iron metabolism
- serum Iron
- total iron binding capacity (TIBC) % transferrinsaturation
- ferritin
- Serology
- HBsAg
- Anti-HBsAg
- Anti-HBcAg (immunoglobin G (IgG))
- Anti-HBcAg (immunoglobin M (IgM))
Causes of elevated test results
Increased blood levels of alanine transaminase have been associated with eating fast food twice a day while limiting exercise.[4] The intervention in the trial aimed to "double the regular caloric intake in combination with adoption of a sedentary lifestyle for four weeks."[4]
| Suggested underlying cause | |
|---|---|
| AST/ALT ratio > 1[5] | Alcoholic liver diseases |
| Alkaline phosphatase to total bilirubin ratio <4[6] AST/ALT ratio > 2.2[6] |
Hepatolenticular degeneration (Wilson's Disease) |
References
- ↑ Covin, RB (April 4, 2006), Liver and Gallbladder Pathology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Alanine transaminase (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Aspartate aminotransferase (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kechagias S, Ernersson A, Dahlqvist O, Lundberg P, Lindström T, Nystrom FH (2008). "Fast food based hyper-alimentation can induce rapid and profound elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase in healthy subjects". Gut. DOI:10.1136/gut.2007.131797. PMID 18276725. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Van Ness MM, Diehl AM (1989). "Is liver biopsy useful in the evaluation of patients with chronically elevated liver enzymes?". Ann Intern Med 111 (6): 473-8. PMID 2774372. [e]
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Korman JD, Volenberg I, Balko J, Webster J, Schiodt FV, Squires RH et al. (2008). "Screening for Wilson disease in acute liver failure: a comparison of currently available diagnostic tests.". Hepatology 48 (4): 1167-74. DOI:10.1002/hep.22446. PMID 18798336. Research Blogging.