User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:FCC.jpg|right|thumb|250px|{{#ifexist:Template:FCC.jpg/credit|{{FCC.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Fluid Catalytic Cracker (from left to right: Distillation column, Reactor and Regenerator)]] | [[Image:FCC.jpg|right|thumb|250px|{{#ifexist:Template:FCC.jpg/credit|{{FCC.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Fluid Catalytic Cracker (from left to right: Distillation column, Reactor and Regenerator)]] | ||
The '''fluid catalytic cracker''' (FCC) is the most important conversion process unit used in petroleum refineries. It is widely used to convert the high-boiling hydrocarbon fuel oils in petroleum crude oils to more valuable gasoline and other products.<ref name=Gary>{{cite book|author=James H. Gary and Glenn E. Handwerk|title=Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics|edition=4th Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=2001|id=ISBN 0-8247-0482-7}}</ref><ref name=Speight>{{cite book|author=James. G. Speight|title=The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum|edition=4th Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=2006|id=ISBN 0-8493-9067-2}}</ref><ref name=Reza>{{cite book|author=Reza Sadeghbeigi|title=Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=Gulf Publishing|year=2000|id=0-88415-289-8}}</ref> The feedstock to an FCC is usually that portion of the crude oil that has an initial boiling point of 330 °C or higher at atmospheric pressure. | The '''fluid catalytic cracker''' (FCC) is the most important conversion process unit used in petroleum refineries. It is widely used to convert the high-boiling hydrocarbon fuel oils in petroleum crude oils to more valuable gasoline and other products.<ref name=Gary>{{cite book|author=James H. Gary and Glenn E. Handwerk|title=Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics|edition=4th Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=2001|id=ISBN 0-8247-0482-7}}</ref><ref name=Speight>{{cite book|author=James. G. Speight|title=The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum|edition=4th Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=2006|id=ISBN 0-8493-9067-2}}</ref><ref name=Reza>{{cite book|author=Reza Sadeghbeigi|title=Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=Gulf Publishing|year=2000|id=0-88415-289-8}}</ref> The feedstock to an FCC is usually that portion of the crude oil that has an initial boiling point of 330 °C or higher at atmospheric pressure. | ||
As of 2006, FCC units were in operation at 400 petroleum refineries worldwide and about one-third of the crude oil refined in those refineries is processed in an FCC to produce high-octane gasoline, diesel oil and fuel oil.<ref name=Speight/><ref name=Jones>{{cite book|author=David S.J. Jones and Peter P.Pujado (Editors)|title=Handbook of Petroleum Processing|edition=First Edition|publisher=Springer|year=2006|id=ISBN 1-4020-2819-9}}</ref> | In effect, refineries use fluid catalytic cracking to correct the imbalance between the market demand for gasoline and crude oil distillation that produces an excess of heavy, high boiling range products. | ||
As of 2006, FCC units were in operation at 400 petroleum refineries worldwide and about one-third of the crude oil refined in those refineries is processed in an FCC to produce high-octane gasoline, diesel oil and fuel oil.<ref name=Speight/><ref name=Jones>{{cite book|author=David S.J. Jones and Peter P.Pujado (Editors)|title=Handbook of Petroleum Processing|edition=First Edition|publisher=Springer|year=2006|id=ISBN 1-4020-2819-9}}</ref> | |||
The processing capacity of current FCC unit designs ranges from about 2,400 to 19, 900 m<sup>3</sup>/day of feedstock. | |||
==Flow diagram and process description== | ==Flow diagram and process description== | ||
Revision as of 19:25, 23 April 2008
The fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) is the most important conversion process unit used in petroleum refineries. It is widely used to convert the high-boiling hydrocarbon fuel oils in petroleum crude oils to more valuable gasoline and other products.[1][2][3] The feedstock to an FCC is usually that portion of the crude oil that has an initial boiling point of 330 °C or higher at atmospheric pressure.
In effect, refineries use fluid catalytic cracking to correct the imbalance between the market demand for gasoline and crude oil distillation that produces an excess of heavy, high boiling range products.
As of 2006, FCC units were in operation at 400 petroleum refineries worldwide and about one-third of the crude oil refined in those refineries is processed in an FCC to produce high-octane gasoline, diesel oil and fuel oil.[2][4]
The processing capacity of current FCC unit designs ranges from about 2,400 to 19, 900 m3/day of feedstock.
Flow diagram and process description
Chemistry
Catalysts
History
References
- ↑ James H. Gary and Glenn E. Handwerk (2001). Petroleum Refining: Technology and Economics, 4th Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8247-0482-7.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 James. G. Speight (2006). The Chemistry and Technology of Petroleum, 4th Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-9067-2.
- ↑ Reza Sadeghbeigi (2000). Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook, 2nd Edition. Gulf Publishing. 0-88415-289-8.
- ↑ David S.J. Jones and Peter P.Pujado (Editors) (2006). Handbook of Petroleum Processing, First Edition. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-2819-9.