User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions
imported>Milton Beychok No edit summary |
imported>Milton Beychok No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[Image:Industrial piping.jpg|right|thumb|300px|{{#ifexist:Template:Industrial piping.jpg/credit|{{Industrial piping.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Large-scale industrial piping.]] | [[Image:Industrial piping.jpg|right|thumb|300px|{{#ifexist:Template:Industrial piping.jpg/credit|{{Industrial piping.jpg/credit}}<br/>|}}Large-scale industrial piping.]] | ||
'''Piping''' is a system of [[pipe (material)|pipe]]s (hollow, cylindrical tubes) used to convey [[liquid]]s, [[gas]]es and sometimes other materials from one location to another within industrial facilities such as [[Petroleum refining processes|petroleum refineries]], [[chemical]] and [[petrochemical]] manufacturing, [[natural gas processing]], electricity-generating [[power plant]]s and many others. The adjacent photo depicts a complex piping system in an industrial plant. | |||
Industrial plant piping and the accompanying in-line components can be manufactured from various [[steel]] alloys, [[titanium]], [[aluminum]], [[copper]], [[glass]] or various [[plastic]]s. The in-line components are known as [[Piping and plumbing fittings|fittings]] and [[valves]]. [[Process control]] systems use in-line sensors and [[control valves]] to monitor and regulate the desired [[temperature]]s, [[pressure]]s, [[flow rate]]s and process vessel liquid levels of the fluids being transported and processed. Piping and control systems are documented in drawings referred to as [[Piping and Instrumentation Diagram]]s. | |||
==Piping design== | |||
[[ | The [[engineering]] discipline of [[piping design]] studies the efficient transport of fluid.<ref>{{cite book|author=Editors: Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W.|title=[[Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook]]|edition=6th Edition|publisher=McGraw-Hill Book Company|year=1984|id=ISBN 0-07-049479-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Editor: McKetta, John J.|title=Piping Design Handbook|edition= |publisher=Marcel Dekker, Inc.|year=1992|id=ISBN 0-8247-8570-3}}</ref> | ||
Process piping and power piping are typically checked by pipe stress engineers to verify that the routing, nozzle loads, hangers, and supports are properly placed and selected such that allowable pipe stress is not exceeded under the appropriate [[ASME]] code.<ref>[http://catalog.asme.org/books/PrintBook/Process_Piping_Complete_Guide.cfm Process Piping: ASME B31.3]</ref><ref>[http://catalog.asme.org/Codes/PrintBook/B311_2004_Power_Piping.cfm Power Piping: ASME B31.1]</ref> This checking is usually done with the assistance of a ([[Finite element analysis|finite element]]) [[Stress analysis|pipe stress analysis]] program such as [[Caesar II (analysis program)|Caesar II]], [[ROHR2 (analysis software)|ROHR2]], [[CAEPIPE]] and AUTOPIPE. | |||
== | ==Plumbing== | ||
[[Plumbing]] is a piping system that most people are familiar with, as it constitutes the form of fluid transportation that is used to provide potable [[water]] and [[Natural gas|fuels]] to their homes and business. Plumbing pipes also remove waste in the form of [[sewage]], and allow venting of sewage gases to the outdoors. [[Fire sprinkler]] systems also use piping, and may transport potable or nonpotable water, or other fire-suppression fluids. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
Revision as of 17:01, 26 August 2008
Piping is a system of pipes (hollow, cylindrical tubes) used to convey liquids, gases and sometimes other materials from one location to another within industrial facilities such as petroleum refineries, chemical and petrochemical manufacturing, natural gas processing, electricity-generating power plants and many others. The adjacent photo depicts a complex piping system in an industrial plant.
Industrial plant piping and the accompanying in-line components can be manufactured from various steel alloys, titanium, aluminum, copper, glass or various plastics. The in-line components are known as fittings and valves. Process control systems use in-line sensors and control valves to monitor and regulate the desired temperatures, pressures, flow rates and process vessel liquid levels of the fluids being transported and processed. Piping and control systems are documented in drawings referred to as Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams.
Piping design
The engineering discipline of piping design studies the efficient transport of fluid.[1][2]
Process piping and power piping are typically checked by pipe stress engineers to verify that the routing, nozzle loads, hangers, and supports are properly placed and selected such that allowable pipe stress is not exceeded under the appropriate ASME code.[3][4] This checking is usually done with the assistance of a (finite element) pipe stress analysis program such as Caesar II, ROHR2, CAEPIPE and AUTOPIPE.
Plumbing
Plumbing is a piping system that most people are familiar with, as it constitutes the form of fluid transportation that is used to provide potable water and fuels to their homes and business. Plumbing pipes also remove waste in the form of sewage, and allow venting of sewage gases to the outdoors. Fire sprinkler systems also use piping, and may transport potable or nonpotable water, or other fire-suppression fluids.
See also
- Hydrogen piping
- Hydrostatic test
- Piping and plumbing fittings
- Hydraulic pipes
- Plastic Pressure Pipe Systems
- Riser clamp
- Firestop
- Thermal insulation
References
- ↑ Editors: Perry, R.H. and Green, D.W. (1984). Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 6th Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company. ISBN 0-07-049479-7.
- ↑ Editor: McKetta, John J. (1992). Piping Design Handbook. Marcel Dekker, Inc.. ISBN 0-8247-8570-3.
- ↑ Process Piping: ASME B31.3
- ↑ Power Piping: ASME B31.1
Further reading
- ASME B31.3 Process Piping Guide, Revision 1 from Los Alamos National Laboratory Engineering Standards Manual OST220-03-01-ESM
- Seismic Design and Retrofit of Piping Systems, July 2002 from American Lifelines Alliance website
- Engineering and Design, Liquid Process Piping U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, EM 1110-l-4008, May 1999