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A '''turboexpander''', also referred to as a '''turbo expander''', '''expansion turbine''' or simply '''expander''', is a centrifugal or axial flow [[turbine]] through which a high pressure [[gas]] is expanded to produce work that is typically used to drive a [[gas compressor]]. Because work is extracted from the expanding high [[pressure]] gas, the expansion is an [[isentropic]] process (i.e., a constant [[entropy]] process) and the low pressure exhaust gas from the turbine is at a very low [[temperature]], often as low as 200 K (-100 °F) or less.<ref>[http://www.gastechnology.org/webroot/app/srch/moreres.aspx?rs=0&rp=10&id=b&qs=GRI-93/0342 "Business Characteristics of the Natural Gas Conditioning Industry", Report GRI-93/0342]</ref> Turbo- expanders are very widely used as sources of [[refrigeration]] in industrial processes such as the extraction of [[ethane]] as well as [[Natural gas processing|natural gas liquids]] (NGLs) from [[natural gas]]<ref>[http://www.aet.com/turbo.htm Flow sheet of demethanizer]</ref>; the [[liquefaction of gases]];<ref>[http://www.nzic.org.nz/ChemProcesses/production/1K.pdf BOC (NZ) publication]: use search function for keyword "expansion"</ref><ref>[http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/progress05/v_e_1_shimko.pdf US Department of Energy Hydrogen Program]</ref><ref>[http://www.airproducts.com/Products/Equipment/CryoMachinery/Products/high_pressure.htm Air Product Co. publication]: use search function for keyword "expansion"</ref><ref>[http://sm18-public.web.cern.ch/sm18-public/presentation/Cryogenic%20technology%20for%20LHC.doc India Department of Atomic Energy publication]: use search function for keyword "expansion"</ref> and other low-temperature processes. | |||
Revision as of 22:40, 5 July 2008
A turboexpander, also referred to as a turbo expander, expansion turbine or simply expander, is a centrifugal or axial flow turbine through which a high pressure gas is expanded to produce work that is typically used to drive a gas compressor. Because work is extracted from the expanding high pressure gas, the expansion is an isentropic process (i.e., a constant entropy process) and the low pressure exhaust gas from the turbine is at a very low temperature, often as low as 200 K (-100 °F) or less.[1] Turbo- expanders are very widely used as sources of refrigeration in industrial processes such as the extraction of ethane as well as natural gas liquids (NGLs) from natural gas[2]; the liquefaction of gases;[3][4][5][6] and other low-temperature processes.
- ↑ "Business Characteristics of the Natural Gas Conditioning Industry", Report GRI-93/0342
- ↑ Flow sheet of demethanizer
- ↑ BOC (NZ) publication: use search function for keyword "expansion"
- ↑ US Department of Energy Hydrogen Program
- ↑ Air Product Co. publication: use search function for keyword "expansion"
- ↑ India Department of Atomic Energy publication: use search function for keyword "expansion"