Adenosine triphosphate: Difference between revisions
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'''Adenosine triphosphate''', or '''ATP''', is a molecule which is often referred to as the [[energy]] currency of a [[cell]] because of its role as a store and transport of energy for use in metabolism throughout the cell. ATP is composed of three parts: the [[purine base]], [[adenine]]; the [[sugar]] molecule, [[ribose]]; and the chain of three [[phosphate]] groups. The readily usable energy is stored in the bond between the last two phosphate groups in the chain; when the last link is removed, the molecule becomes the low energy [[adenosine diphosphate]]. | '''Adenosine triphosphate''', or '''ATP''', is a molecule which is often referred to as the [[energy]] currency of a [[cell]] because of its role as a store and transport of energy for use in metabolism throughout the cell. ATP is composed of three parts: the [[purine base]], [[adenine]]; the [[sugar]] molecule, [[ribose]]; and the chain of three [[phosphate]] groups. The readily usable energy is stored in the bond between the last two phosphate groups in the chain; when the last link is removed, the molecule becomes the low energy [[adenosine diphosphate]]. | ||
ATP is created from ADP through various processes, including [[glycolysis]], the [[citric acid cycle]] and the [[electron transport chain]] in [[aerobic respiration]], [[fermentation]] in [[anaerobic respiration]], the [[Calvin cycle]] in plants, and through a [[membrane]]-bound hydrogen pump in the [[mitochondria]] called [[ATP synthase]]. | ATP is created from ADP through various processes, including [[glycolysis]], the [[citric acid cycle]] and the [[electron transport chain]] in [[aerobic respiration]], [[fermentation]] in [[anaerobic respiration]], the [[Calvin cycle]] in plants, and through a [[membrane]]-bound hydrogen pump in the [[mitochondria]] called [[ATP synthase]]. | ||
ATP also fulfils all the criteria of a [[neurotransmitter]].<ref name="pmid18029057">{{cite journal |author=Zimmermann H |title=ATP and acetylcholine, equal brethren |journal=Neurochem Int |year=2007 |pmid=18029057 |doi=10.1016/j.neuint.2007.09.004}}(epub ahead of print)</ref> | |||
==References== | |||
{{Reflist | 2}} | |||
Revision as of 01:34, 17 January 2008
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is a molecule which is often referred to as the energy currency of a cell because of its role as a store and transport of energy for use in metabolism throughout the cell. ATP is composed of three parts: the purine base, adenine; the sugar molecule, ribose; and the chain of three phosphate groups. The readily usable energy is stored in the bond between the last two phosphate groups in the chain; when the last link is removed, the molecule becomes the low energy adenosine diphosphate. ATP is created from ADP through various processes, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle and the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration, fermentation in anaerobic respiration, the Calvin cycle in plants, and through a membrane-bound hydrogen pump in the mitochondria called ATP synthase.
ATP also fulfils all the criteria of a neurotransmitter.[1]
References
- ↑ Zimmermann H (2007). "ATP and acetylcholine, equal brethren". Neurochem Int. DOI:10.1016/j.neuint.2007.09.004. PMID 18029057. Research Blogging. (epub ahead of print)