Coda (album)

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	To oppose or discuss a nomination, please go to CZ:Proposed for deletion and follow the instructions. For the monthly nomination lists, see Category:Articles for deletion. Coda Image:Codaalbum1982.jpg]] Type Studio album Artist Led Zeppelin]] Release Date 19 November 1982 (US), 22 November 1982 (UK) Recorded 25 June 1969 - 21 November 1978 at various studios. Mixed at the Sol Studio, Cookham, Berkshire. Genre Hard rock, blues rock, folk rock, Rock music Language English Length 33 minutes 4 seconds Label Swan Song Records]] Catalogue Swan Song 9 00511 (US), Swan Song 79 00511 (UK) Producer Jimmy Page]] Engineer Stuart Epps Coda is the ninth studio album]] by England|English]] rock music|rock]] band Led Zeppelin]], released in 1982. This collection of unreleased songs from various sessions during Led Zeppelin's twelve-year career was issued two years after the group had officially disbanded following the death of drummer]] John Bonham]]. The word Coda (music)|coda]], meaning a 'tail' that ends a musical piece following the main body, was therefore chosen as an apt title. It is said that John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]] suggested this as the album title. Overview Led Zeppelin guitarist and producer Jimmy Page]] explained that part of the reasoning for the album's release related to the popularity of unofficial Led Zeppelin recordings which continued to be circulated by fans: ‘ Coda was released, basically, because there was so much bootleg stuff out. We thought, 'Well, if there's that much interest, then we may as well put the rest of our studio stuff out'. ’ The band also owed Atlantic Records]] one more album from the five album deal that created Swan Song Records]] in 1974. As such, Coda can be seen as a contractual fulfillment. 'We're Gonna Groove]]' opens the album and, according to the album notes, was recorded at Morgan Studios]] in June, 1969. It was later acknowledged to have come from a January, 1970 concert at the Royal Albert Hall]], with the guitar parts overdubbed. 'Poor Tom]]' is from sessions for Led Zeppelin III]]. 'I Can't Quit You Baby]]' is taken from the same concert as 'We're Gonna Groove' but was listed as a rehearsal in the original liner notes. The recording was edited to remove overall 'live' feel: the crowd noise as well as the beginning and ending of the song were deleted. Crowd tracks were muted on the multitrack mixdown on this recording as with 'We're Gonna Groove'. 'Walter's Walk]]' is from the 1972 Houses of the Holy]] sessions. 'Ozone Baby]]', 'Darlene (song)|Darlene]]', and 'Wearing and Tearing]]' are outtakes from the In Through the Out Door]] sessions in 1978, though the drum sound is mixed with more reverb than the recordings present on In Through the Out Door. 'Bonzo's Montreux]]' is a 1976 John Bonham drum instrumental with electronic effects added by Jimmy Page. This song would later be included on both boxed sets, first in a combined form with the studio version of Bonham's seminal Moby Dick (song)|Moby Dick]] drum solo on the 1990 Led Zeppelin (box set)|Led Zeppelin]] box set, and as an individual track on the 1993 Boxed Set 2]]. The inner liner features a collage]] of photographs. The main photo on the right side — showing the band members apparently clapping — was taken the day before their Knebworth Festival 1979|Knebworth concerts]] in 1979 and in that village. However, the band were dissatisfied with the image, and their images — and the ground where they stand — are all that remain from that photo. Superimposition|Superimposed]] behind the band is a photo of a green field in Chaddesley Corbett]], Worcestershire]], England, near Bonham's home. Reviews Reviewer Country Review Year Score Scott Floman (Goldmine) United States Rock and Soul Album Reviews 2002 B Track list Album information 1982 Track listing: Side 1: 'We're Gonna Groove]]' (King, Bethea) – 2:36 'Poor Tom]]' (Jimmy Page]], Robert Plant]]) – 3:03 'I Can't Quit You Baby]]' (Willie Dixon) – 4:16 'Walter's Walk]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 4:24 Side 2: 'Ozone Baby]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 3:35 'Darlene (song)|Darlene]]' (John Bonham]], John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]], Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 5:04 'Bonzo's Montreux]]' (John Bonham) – 4:15 'Wearing and Tearing]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 5:27 Album information 2008 Track listing: Disc 1: 'We're Gonna Groove]]' (King, Bethea) – 2:36 'Poor Tom]]' (Jimmy Page]], Robert Plant]]) – 3:03 'I Can't Quit You Baby]]' (Willie Dixon) – 4:16 'Walter's Walk]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 4:24 'Ozone Baby]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 3:35 'Darlene (song)|Darlene]]' (John Bonham]], John Paul Jones (musician)|John Paul Jones]], Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 5:04 'Bonzo's Montreux]]' (John Bonham) – 4:15 'Wearing and Tearing]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant) – 5:27 'Baby Come On Home]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, Bert Berns) - 4:30 'Travelling Riverside Blues]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, Robert Johnson) - 5:11 'White Summer]]'/'Black Mountain Side]]' (Jimmy Page) - 8:01 'Hey Hey What Can I Do]]' (Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, John Paul Jones, John Bonham) - 3:55 Chart positions Album Chart (1982) Peak Position Norwegian Albums Chart 18 UK Albums Chart 4 Japanese Albums Chart 16 US Cash Box Top 100 Albums Chart 6 Canadian RPM Top 100 Albums Chart 3 New Zealand Top 50 Albums Chart 7 German Albums Chart 43 French Albums Chart 18 US Billboard The 200 Albums Chart 6 Australian Kent Music Report]] Albums Chart 9 Singles No commercial or promotional singles were officially issued, although three tracks received independent radio airplay. The songs were Led Zeppelin's debut on the Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] Mainstream Rock Tracks]] chart, as the chart did not exist prior to 21 March 1981. Year Single Chart Position 1982 'Darlene' Billboard Mainstream Rock 4 1982 'Ozone Baby' Billboard Mainstream Rock 14 1982 'Poor Tom' Billboard Mainstream Rock 18 Sales certifications Country Sales Certification United States (RIAA]]) 1,000,000+ Platinum BPI]]) 60,000+ Silver Certification history Organization Level Date RIAA – USA Gold 7 February 1983 RIAA – USA Platinum 7 February 1983 Credits Personnel Musicians: Jimmy Page – electric guitar, acoustic guitar, electronic effects, backing vocals, producer, remastering, digital remastering Robert Plant – vocals, harmonica John Paul Jones – bass guitar, keyboards, piano, bass pedals, backing vocals John Bonham - drums, percussion, backing vocals Production: Peter Grant]] – executive producer Stuart Epps – engineer, mixing Andy Johns - engineer Vic Maille - engineer Eddie Kramer - engineer Leif Mases - engineer John Timperly - engineer Hipgnosis – sleeve design and packaging Assorted Images - photographs Barry Diament - original CD mastering engineer (mid-1980s) George Marino - remastered CD (1990) References