History of England/Timelines: Difference between revisions

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imported>Nick Gardner
imported>Nick Gardner
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(Sources in addition to those shown: Bernard Grun ''The Timetables of History'', Simon & Schuster, 1991;  Norman Davies: ''The Isles, A History'',  Appendix 42, Macmillan 1999;   ''Key Dates of Parliament'', House of Commons, 2008.[[http://www.parliament.uk/about/history/keydates_1215_1900.cfm]];  .Chris Scarre (ed) ''The Human Past'', Thames and Hudson, 2005.)
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==Prehistory==
: Canyon Cave Man [c 8980 BCE]
: Cheddar Man [http://www.trussel.com/prehist/news11.htm][http://piclib.nhm.ac.uk/piclib/www/image.php?img=57737&frm=ser&search=man] [c 7,000 BCE]
: '''The Sleeve''' (La Manche) The English Channel[http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics/English_Channel#encyclopedia] separates Britain from the European mainland [c 6000 to 4000 BCE].
: Farmers in Britain and Ireland [from c 4000 BCE]
:  The Beaker people [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=22098] [c 2500 to 1600].
:  Megalith builders [http://www.megalithic.co.uk/topics.php?countries=1]
:: - Stonehenge[http://www.stonehenge-avebury.net/].[c 3000 to 1500 BCE]
==600 BCE to 48 AD==
'''Celtic immigration'''[http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Celtic_Britain.htm]
: Goidals reach Ireland and Brythons reach Britain[http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/c-d/celts.html]
==49 to 410 AD ==
==49 to 410 AD ==
'''Roman occupation''' 49 - 410 AD
'''Roman occupation''' 49 - 410 AD
Line 36: Line 15:
: Withdrawal of the legions [401]
: Withdrawal of the legions [401]
: The end of Britain's allegiance to Rome [410]
: The end of Britain's allegiance to Rome [410]
==401 to 800 ==
'''Celtic Ireland'''
:Saint Patrick reaches Éire [432]
'''Saxon Britain'''
: Saint Ninian[http://www.whithorn.com/saint-ninian.htm] [397].
: Saint Columba lands on Iona and founds a monastery [563]
: Saint Augustine [http://saints.sqpn.com/sainta14.htm](597-604)
: Synod of Whitby (664)[http://knol.google.com/k/julian-l-freeman/the-synod-of-whitby-ad-664/vhr71n1u7gm1/8#] - agreement between Saxon and Roman churchmen.
: Adam Bede's [http://csis.pace.edu/grendel/projs991b/bede.html]''History of the English Church and People''(731).
==801 to 1066==
'''Danish invasions'''
: Viking settlements at Dublin, Waterford and Limerick [914-920]
: Alfred the Great, King of Wessex [http://www.ogdoad.force9.co.uk/alfred/alfredintro.htm](871-899)
: Brian Boru King of Munster [http://www.ogdoad.force9.co.uk/alfred/alfredintro.htm] [946-1014]
:: - King of Ireland from 1002 .
==11th century==
:: King Canute (1016 - 1035)
:: King Harold (1035 - 1066)
:: Defeat of MacBeth at Dunsinane
:: Malcolm King of Scotland (1058 - 1093)
:: Harold subdues Wales (1063)
'''Norman Conquest'''
:: William I (1066 - 1087
::'''Domesday Book''' (1086)[http://www.domesdaybook.co.uk/book.html]
:: William II (1087 - 1100)
:: First Crusade (1096)
:Feudal system [http://history-world.org/feudalism.htm].
==12th century==
::Henry I (1100 - 1135)
::Stephen (1135 - 1154)
::Civil War (1139 - 1147)
'''Plantagenet era''' 1154 - 1485
::Henry II (1154-1189)
::Thomas à Becket Archbishop of Canterbury (1162 -1170)
::Rory O'Connor, High King of Ireland [1166-1175]
::Richard I (1189 - 1199)
::Norman invasion of Ireland (1169)[http://britannia.com/history/docs/giraldus.html][http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/invasion.htm]
::Third Crusade 1189
::John (1199 - 1216)
==13th century==
:'''Magna Carta'''[http://www.bl.uk/treasures/magnacarta/index.html] (1215) - the founding principles of the British constitution.<br>
::Henry III (1216 - 1272)
::Edward I  (1272 - 1307)
:: Model Parliament" (1295)  - summoned by Edward I and generally regarded as the first representative assembly.
:: Alliance between Scotland and France (1295)
:: John Baliol yields Scottish Throne to Edward I who thus becomes King of Scotland (1296 -1306)
==14th century==
1300&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Edward I invades Scotland.
1302&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Truce between England and Scotland
1306&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Robert Bruce King of Scots
1307&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Edward II (1307-1327)
1318&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Edward Bruce King of Ireland
1327&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Edward III (1327 - 1377)
1329&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; David II King of Scots
1346&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Battle of Crecy
1366&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Statutes of Kilkenny [http://www.uhb.fr/langues/cei/statkkgb.htm]
1371&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Robert II King of Scots
1377&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Richard II (1377-1399)
1390&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Robert III King of Scots
1390&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Richard III's Irish expedition
1399&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Henry IV (1399 -1413)
==15th century==
1413 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry V (1413-22)
1415 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Agincourt
1422 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry VI (1422-61)
1460 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Statute of Drogheda - proclaims Ireland's separate status.
1461 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Edward IV (1461-83)
1483 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Richard III (1483-85)
'''Tudor Era''' 1485-1605
1485 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry VII (1485-1509)
1494 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Poynings Law -
==16th century==
1509 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry VIII (1509-47)
1541 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Henry VIII King of Ireland
1547 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Edward VI (1547-53)
1549 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cranmer's English Prayer Book.
1553 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mary I (1553-58)
1558 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Elizabeth I [http://www.elizabethi.org/](1559-1603)
1559 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Armada [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/pirates/armada1.html]
1570 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gunpowder Plot
==17th century==
'''Stuart Era''' 1605-1688
1605 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;James I (1603-25).
1625 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Charles I (1625-49)
1642 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Charles I enters the Commons to arrest dissidents and is defied by  the Speaker.
1643-46 '''Civil War'''[http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~crossby/ECW/].
1649 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Oliver Cromwell declares England a commonwealth.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Execution of Charles I.
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Cromwell invades Ireland.
1660 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Restoration. Charles II (1660-85)
1665 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Great Plague [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/plague/index.html]
1666 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fire of London [http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/H/history/fire/]
1673 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Test Act. Catholics excluded from office.
1685  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;James II (1685-88)<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Monmouth Rebellion.
1688 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''"The Glorious Revolution" and Bill of Rights '''[http://www.parliament.uk/documents/upload/g04.pdf] - limited the power of the king over Parliament.
1689  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;William and Mary.
1694  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Bank of England [http://www.bankofengland.co.uk/about/history/index.htm]
==18th century==
1707 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Act of Union''' - with Scotland [http://www.parliament.uk/actofunion/].
1713 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Treaty of Utrecht.
1714  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hanoverian succession.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;George I (1714-27)
1727 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Geoge II (1727-1760)
1715 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;First Jacobite Rising
1739-48 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;War of Jenkins Ear - with Spain.
1744-8 War of the Austrian Succession.
1745 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Second Jacobite Rising - "the '45"
1746 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Battle of Culloden.
'''Industrial Revolution'''[http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/modsbook14.html] 1715-1815
1756-63 Seven Years War - acquisition of India and Canada.
1760 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;George III (1760-1820).
'''War of American Independence'''[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/rebels_redcoats_01.shtml] 1775 -81<br> - the creation of the United States of America.
1783 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rotunda Parliament
1787 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Kingdom of Ireland granted autonomy.
'''Napoleonic Wars''' 1789 - 1815.
==19th century==
1801 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Act of Union''' - with Ireland.
1805 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Battle of Trafalgar.
1815 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Battle of Waterloo.
1820 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;George IV (1820-30).
1830 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;William IV (1830-37).
1832 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; '''Reform Act''' Raised the  proportion of adult English males entitled to vote to 20 per cent.
1837 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;  Queen Victoria (1837-1901)/
'''Irish Famine''' 1845-1850.
1846 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Repeal of Corn Laws.
'''Crimean War''' 1833 - 36.
'''Indian Mutiny''' 1857 - 8.
1874 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Disraeli's First Conservative Government (1874-80).
1880 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Gladstone's Liberal Government.
1898 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Battle of Omdurman
1899-1902 Boer War.
==20th century==
1902-05 Balfour's Conservative Government.
1902 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Edward VII (1902-10).
1905-08  Campbell-Bannerman's Liberal Government.
1908-1915 Asquith's Liberal Government (Lloyd George Chancellor of the Exchequer)
1911  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;George V (1911-36).<br>  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Lloyd George's National Insurance Bill.
'''First World War.''' 1914-18
1915-16 Asquith's Coalition Government.
1916 Easter Rising
===The inter-war years===
1918 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Representation of the People Act - gave the vote to men over 21 and women over 30 - increasing the electorate from 8 million to 21 million.
1919 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Treaty of Versailles.
1919-23 Lloyd George's Coalition Governments.
1920 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Ireland gets Home Rule'''.
1922-23 Bonar Law's Conservative Government.
1923-24 Baldwin's First Conservative Government
1924 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Macdonald's First Labour Government.
1924-29 Baldwin's Second Conservative Government.
1926 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;General Strike.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Baird's television system.
1928  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fleming discovers penicillin
1929-31 Macdonald's Second Labour Government.
1931 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Britain leaves the gold standard.
1931-35 Macdonald's National Government.
1935-37 Baldwin's National Government.
1936 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Abdication of Edward VII.
1937 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;George VI (1937-52}
1937-40 Chamberlain's Conservative Government.
1938 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Munich Pact with Germany.
'''Second World War''' 1939-45
1940-45 Churchill's Wartime Coalition Government.
===Post-war Britain===
1945 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Churchill's  First Conservative Government.
1945-51 Clement  Atlee's Labour Government
1948 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; National Health Service.
1951-55 Winston Churchill's Second Conservative Government.
1953 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Elizabeth II.<br> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Crick and Watson establish the structure of DNA.
1955-57 Anthony Eden's Conservative Government.
1956 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Suez war.
1957-63 Harold MacMillan's  Conservative Government.
1963-70  Home's Conservative Government.
1970-79 Edward Heath's  Conservative Governments.
1973 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;'''Britain joins the European Community'''. European Communities Act[http://www.opsi.gov.uk/Acts/acts1972/ukpga_19720068_en_1] makes '''EC law enforceable in the UK'''.
1979-1990 Thatcher's Conservative Governments.
1986  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Single European Act - introduced '''Qualified Majority Voting''' to most European Union decisions [http://www.eurotreaties.com/eurotexts.html].
1982  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Falklands war.
1990  &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Major's Conservative Government
1997 - 2007 Tony Blair's New Labour Government[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/in_depth/uk_politics/2007/blair_years/default.stm]
==21st century==
'''Iraq War''' (2003 - 09)
: [[Crash of 2008]]
:[[Recession of 2008]]
: Gordon Brown's Labour Government (2007 -  )

Revision as of 03:29, 26 March 2009

49 to 410 AD

Roman occupation 49 - 410 AD

Claudius begins the conquest [49 AD]
Rebellion of the Iceni - led by Queen Boudica [1] [61 AD]
Agricola[2][78 AD]
Hadrian's wall[3] [122 AD]
Christianity reaches Britain [200+]
St Alban's martrydom[4]
Septimus Severus' campaign [208-211}
Edict of Caracalla - all free men eligible for Roman citizenship [212]
Constantius' Caledonian campaign[5][306]
Edict of Milan - the tolerance of Christianity[6] [313]
Council of Arles - attended by 3 British bishops[7]
Theodosius' campaign against Picts and Scots {367]
Withdrawal of the legions [401]
The end of Britain's allegiance to Rome [410]
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