Z (letter): Difference between revisions

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A lower case '''z''' is the symbol for [[redshift]].
A lower case '''z''' is the symbol for [[redshift]].
==Use in English==
==Use in English==
'''z''' is a buzzing sound (which is actually more usually encountered as final s in hís, stŏries, dógs, hánds, líves, lîves).  Examples (the accents show stress and pronunciation: see [[English phonemes]]): zíp, Azerbaijàn, quíz, púzzle, hâzy.
'''z''' is a buzzing sound (which in English is actually more usually encountered as final '''s''' in words like '''hís, stŏries, dógs, hánds, líves, lîves''').  Examples (the accents show stress and pronunciation: see [[English phonemes]]): '''zíp, Azerbaijàn, quíz, púzzle, hâzy'''.


It is often doubled, especially at the end of monosyllables: fízz, búzz, whízz, jázz, fúzz and thus before certain endings: fízzle, dázzle, nózzle, embézzle, búzzer, búzzing, whízzed, jázzy, fúzzy.
It is often doubled, especially at the end of monosyllables: '''fízz, búzz, whízz, jázz, fúzz''' and thus before certain endings: '''fízzle, dázzle, nózzle, embézzle, búzzer, búzzing, whízzed, jázzy, fúzzy'''.
There is no clear rule about doubling it: it is always doubled before -er as in búzzer, and also in búzzard and blízzard, but not in házard, lízard or wízard.
 
There is no clear rule about doubling it: it is always doubled before -'''er''' as in '''búzzer''', and also in '''búzzard''' and '''blízzard''', but not in '''házard, lízard''' or '''wízard'''.


[[Winston Churchill]] used the simple z sound in Nàzi, presumably to show contempt for the German language: in English it is usually pronounced *nàhtsêe (cf. BrE nàsty), the preceding t making z unvoiced, a hiss; this is heard in other words from German such as quårtz (*kwŏrts) and Kátz ''person'' (= cáts ''animals'') while in wåltz (*wålse) the t is silent.
[[Winston Churchill]] used the simple z sound in Nàzi, presumably to show contempt for the German language: in English it is usually pronounced *nàhtsêe (cf. BrE nàsty), the preceding t making z unvoiced, a hiss; this is heard in other words from German such as quårtz (*kwŏrts) and Kátz ''person'' (= cáts ''animals'') while in wåltz (*wålse) the t is silent.

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Z is the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English alphabet. Its name is zed in British English and zee in American.

A lower case z is the symbol for redshift.

Use in English

z is a buzzing sound (which in English is actually more usually encountered as final s in words like hís, stŏries, dógs, hánds, líves, lîves). Examples (the accents show stress and pronunciation: see English phonemes): zíp, Azerbaijàn, quíz, púzzle, hâzy.

It is often doubled, especially at the end of monosyllables: fízz, búzz, whízz, jázz, fúzz and thus before certain endings: fízzle, dázzle, nózzle, embézzle, búzzer, búzzing, whízzed, jázzy, fúzzy.

There is no clear rule about doubling it: it is always doubled before -er as in búzzer, and also in búzzard and blízzard, but not in házard, lízard or wízard.

Winston Churchill used the simple z sound in Nàzi, presumably to show contempt for the German language: in English it is usually pronounced *nàhtsêe (cf. BrE nàsty), the preceding t making z unvoiced, a hiss; this is heard in other words from German such as quårtz (*kwŏrts) and Kátz person (= cáts animals) while in wåltz (*wålse) the t is silent. This ts is also the sound of zz in Italian words: pìzza (*pêetsə), piázza (*piátsə).

In ázure z can sound like z + y + û, but more often is heard with the zh sound - which is actually written as such in foreign - especially Russian - words: Brézhnev - but is more often written s before i or u: vísion, lêsion, pléasure, méasure, Âsian.

At the end of a word with silent e, s is more common: nôse, nŏise, clôse shut, phâse, plêase (cf. crêase, grêase, which have the hissing s sound). But: frêeze, frôze, mâze, dâze, crâze, glâze, dòze sleep (cf. dôse quantity, unvoiced s).

As noted in the section on s, most words ending in -îse can also be spelt -îze: émphasise or émphasize; but since -îze is never found in advîse, ádvertise, comprîse, cómpromise, despîse, éxercise, surmîse, or surprîse (*surprîze appears as late as Jane Austen, but no later) it seems wiser and easier to spell them all -îse.

z does not begin clusters, so for example there is no zd- equivalent of st- as in some languages: s is used instead, as in mesméric.

There are redundant French z’s in lâissèz-fãire (*lày-sày-fãir) and rendezvous (*róndâyvoô).

See also