Financial system/Related Articles: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
imported>Nick Gardner |
No edit summary |
||
| (106 intermediate revisions by one other user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{TOC|right}} | |||
==Index== | ==Index== | ||
See the [[Economics/Related Articles|economics index]] for an index to topics referred to in the economics articles. | See the [[Economics/Related Articles|economics index]] for an index to topics referred to in the economics articles. | ||
| Line 8: | Line 10: | ||
==Subtopics== | ==Subtopics== | ||
{{r|Banking}} | |||
{{r|Bank failures and rescues}} | |||
{{r|U.S. financial laws}} | {{r|U.S. financial laws}} | ||
==Related topics== | ==Related topics== | ||
[[Credit rating agency]] | |||
[[Crash of 2008]] | [[Crash of 2008]] | ||
| Line 20: | Line 23: | ||
[[Financial economics]] | [[Financial economics]] | ||
[[Fiscal policy]] | |||
[[International economics]] | [[International economics]] | ||
[[Taxation]] | |||
==Glossary== | ==Glossary== | ||
Five other glossaries are available: | |||
* the [[Economics/Glossary|economics glossary]] | |||
* the [[Banking/Related Articles#Glossary|banking glossary]] | |||
* the [[International economics/Related Articles#Glossary|international economics glossary]] | |||
* the [[Macroeconomics/Related Articles#Glossary|macroeconomics glossary]] | |||
* the [[Monetary policy/Related Articles#Glossary|monetary policy glossary]] | |||
<small> | <small> | ||
===AB=== | ===AB=== | ||
{{r|Adverse selection}} | {{r|Adverse selection}} | ||
{{r|Algorithm (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Alpha (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Amortization}} | |||
{{r|Ask price}} | |||
{{r|Asset (accountancy)}} | {{r|Asset (accountancy)}} | ||
{{r|Asset backed security}} | |||
{{r|Asset (finance)}} | {{r|Asset (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Asymmetric information}} | {{r|Asymmetric information}} | ||
{{r|Austerity (fiscal)}} | |||
{{r|Backwardation}} | {{r|Backwardation}} | ||
{{r|Balance sheet}} | |||
{{r|Bankruptcy}} | |||
{{r|Base money}} | |||
{{r|Bear (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Beta (finance)|Beta}} | {{r|Beta (finance)|Beta}} | ||
{{r|Bid price}} | |||
{{r|Bill (finance)}} | {{r|Bill (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Bond ( | {{r|Bill of Exchange}} | ||
{{r|Bond (financial)}} | |||
{{r|Boom (economics)}} | |||
{{r|Bretton Woods}} | {{r|Bretton Woods}} | ||
{{r|Broad money}} | |||
{{r|Broker}} | {{r|Broker}} | ||
{{r|Bubble (economics)}} | {{r|Bubble (economics)}} | ||
{{r|Bull (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Buyback}} | |||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
===C=== | ===C=== | ||
{{r|Capital adequacy ratio}} | {{r|Capital adequacy ratio}} | ||
{{r|Capital (banking)}} | |||
{{r|Credit default swap|CDS}} | |||
{{r|Credit easing}} | |||
{{r|CDS spread}} | |||
{{r|Carry trading}} | {{r|Carry trading}} | ||
{{r|CDS}} | {{r|CDS}} | ||
| Line 47: | Line 85: | ||
{{r|Certificate of deposit}} | {{r|Certificate of deposit}} | ||
{{r|Closed end fund}} | {{r|Closed end fund}} | ||
{{r|Clearing house}} | |||
{{r|Coco}} | |||
{{r|Co-investment fund}} | |||
{{r|Collateral (finance)}} | {{r|Collateral (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Collateralised debt obligation}} | |||
{{r|Complex interactive system}} | {{r|Complex interactive system}} | ||
{{r|Commercial paper}} | {{r|Commercial paper}} | ||
{{r|Contingent convertible bond}} | |||
{{r|Contingent valuation}} | |||
{{r|Contracyclical regulation}} | {{r|Contracyclical regulation}} | ||
{{r|Cost of capital}} | |||
{{r|Counterparty}} | {{r|Counterparty}} | ||
{{r|Covered bond}} | {{r|Covered bond}} | ||
{{r|Covered interest rate differential}} | |||
{{r|Credit default swap}} | |||
{{r|Credit easing}} | |||
{{r|Credit (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Credit crunch}} | {{r|Credit crunch}} | ||
{{r|Credit risk}} | {{r|Credit risk}} | ||
{{r|Currency board}} | |||
{{r|Currency mismatch}} | |||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
=== | ===D=== | ||
{{r|Dark pool}} | {{r|Dark pool}} | ||
{{r|Debenture}} | {{r|Debenture}} | ||
{{r| | {{r|Debt instrument}} | ||
{{r|Debt intolerance}} | |||
{{r|Debt trap}} | |||
{{r|Default (finance)}} | {{r|Default (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Deflation}} | {{r|Deflation}} | ||
{{r|Deposit insurance}} | |||
{{r|Depreciation (accounting)}} | |||
{{r|Derivative (finance)|Derivative}} | {{r|Derivative (finance)|Derivative}} | ||
{{r|Direct investment}} | {{r|Direct investment}} | ||
{{r|Dividend (finance)}} | {{r|Dividend (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Discount_rate}} | {{r|Discount_rate}} | ||
{{r|Discount window}} | |||
{{r|Distressed exchange}} | {{r|Distressed exchange}} | ||
{{r|Distress sale}} | |||
{{r|Dollarization}} | |||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
===EF=== | |||
{{r|Efficient market hypothesis}} | {{r|Efficient market hypothesis}} | ||
{{r|Equity (finance)}} | {{r|Equity (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Euro}} | |||
{{r|European Central Bank}} | |||
{{r|Exchange rate risk}} | |||
{{r|Exchange rate depreciation}} | |||
{{r|Fair value}} | |||
{{r|Federal funds rate}} | |||
{{r|Feedback}} | {{r|Feedback}} | ||
{{r|Fiat money}} | |||
{{r|Fiduciary duty}} | |||
{{r|Financial asset}} | |||
{{r|Financial_Intermediary}} | {{r|Financial_Intermediary}} | ||
{{r|Fiscal adjustment}} | |||
{{r|Fiscal policy}} | |||
{{r|Fiscal rule}} | |||
{{r|Fiscal transfer}} | |||
{{r|Forward contract}} | {{r|Forward contract}} | ||
{{r|Forward market}} | |||
{{r|Freddie Mac}} | |||
{{r|Front running}} | |||
{{r|Fund (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Funding}} | |||
{{r|Futures contract}} | {{r|Futures contract}} | ||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
===GHIJKL=== | ===GHIJKL=== | ||
{{r|Gearing}} | |||
{{r|Group of Seven}} | |||
{{r|Group of Twenty}} | |||
{{r|Haircut (finance)}} | {{r|Haircut (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Hedging}} | {{r|Hedging}} | ||
{{r|Hedge fund}} | {{r|Hedge fund}} | ||
{{r|Herding (banking)}} | {{r|Herding (banking)}} | ||
{{r|IMF}} | |||
{{r|Information cascade}} | |||
{{r|Insolvency}} | |||
{{r|Interbank market}} | {{r|Interbank market}} | ||
{{r|Independent fiscal agency}} | |||
{{r|Interest rate risk}} | {{r|Interest rate risk}} | ||
{{r|Lender of last resort}} | {{r|Lender of last resort}} | ||
{{r|Leverage}} | {{r|Leverage}} | ||
{{r|Liabilities (accounting)}} | |||
{{r|LIBOR}} | {{r|LIBOR}} | ||
{{r|LIBOR-OIS spread}} | |||
{{r|Liquidity}} | {{r|Liquidity}} | ||
{{r|Liquidity risk}} | {{r|Liquidity risk}} | ||
{{r|Liquidity spiral}} | {{r|Liquidity spiral}} | ||
{{r|Long position}} | |||
=== | <small> | ||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
===MN=== | |||
{{r|Margin account}} | {{r|Margin account}} | ||
{{r|Margin call}} | {{r|Margin call}} | ||
| Line 96: | Line 200: | ||
{{r|Money market}} | {{r|Money market}} | ||
{{r|Moral hazard}} | {{r|Moral hazard}} | ||
{{r|Naked CDS}} | |||
{{r|Negotiable}} | |||
{{r|Netting (finance)}} | {{r|Netting (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Noise traders}} | |||
{{r|Novation}} | |||
{{r|Overnight index swap|OIS}} | {{r|Overnight index swap|OIS}} | ||
===OPQ=== | |||
{{r|OIS}} | |||
{{r|Open ended fund}} | {{r|Open ended fund}} | ||
{{r|Option}} | {{r|Option}} | ||
| Line 103: | Line 214: | ||
{{r|Overnight index rate}} | {{r|Overnight index rate}} | ||
{{r|Overnight index swap}} | {{r|Overnight index swap}} | ||
{{r|Over-the-counter market}} | |||
{{r|Panic (banking)}} | {{r|Panic (banking)}} | ||
{{r| | {{r|Paris Club}} | ||
{{r| | {{r|Par value}} | ||
{{r|Peer to peer lending}} | |||
{{r|Preference share}} | {{r|Preference share}} | ||
{{r|Principal (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Prime rate}} | |||
{{r|Primary market}} | |||
{{r|Portfolio}} | {{r|Portfolio}} | ||
{{r|Portfolio insurance}} | {{r|Portfolio insurance}} | ||
{{r|Position (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Quantitative easing}} | |||
{{r|Qualitative easing}} | |||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
=== | ===RS=== | ||
{{r|Random walk (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Recovery rate (finance)}} | |||
{{r|Redemption yield}} | |||
{{r|Repurchase agreement}} | {{r|Repurchase agreement}} | ||
{{r|Reserve ratio}} | |||
{{r|Restructure (debt)}} | |||
{{r|Risk premium}} | |||
{{r|Roll-over}} | {{r|Roll-over}} | ||
{{r|Secondary market}} | |||
{{r|Securitisation}} | {{r|Securitisation}} | ||
{{r|Security (finance)}} | {{r|Security (finance)}} | ||
| Line 118: | Line 247: | ||
{{r|Settlement (finance)}} | {{r|Settlement (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Share (finance)}} | {{r|Share (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Sharpe ratio}} | |||
{{r|Short position}} | |||
{{r|Sovereign spread}} | {{r|Sovereign spread}} | ||
{{r|Special drawing right}} | |||
{{r|Spread}} | |||
{{r|Sovereign wealth fund}} | {{r|Sovereign wealth fund}} | ||
{{r|Spot market}} | |||
{{r|Stock (finance)}} | {{r|Stock (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Stop-loss}} | |||
{{r|Structured investment vehicle}} | {{r|Structured investment vehicle}} | ||
{{r|Subprime lending}} | {{r|Subprime lending}} | ||
{{r|Swap contract}} | {{r|Swap contract}} | ||
{{r|Syndicated bank loan}} | |||
{{r|Systemic failure}} | |||
{{r|Systemic risk}} | |||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
===TUVWXYZ=== | |||
{{r|Toxic debt}} | |||
{{r|Tight coupling}} | {{r|Tight coupling}} | ||
{{r|Underwriting}} | |||
{{r|Value at Risk}} | {{r|Value at Risk}} | ||
{{r|Wholesale banking}} | {{r|Wholesale banking}} | ||
{{r|Writedown (accounting)}} | |||
{{r|Yield (finance)}} | {{r|Yield (finance)}} | ||
{{r|Yield spread}} | {{r|Yield spread}} | ||
<small> | |||
[[Financial system/Related Articles#Glossary|'''RETURN TO THE TOP''']] | |||
</small> | |||
==Articles related by keyphrases (Bot populated)== | |||
{{r|Engineering}} | |||
{{r|Financial regulation}} | |||
{{r|Financial economics}} | |||
Latest revision as of 11:01, 16 August 2024
Index
See the economics index for an index to topics referred to in the economics articles.
Parent articles
Subtopics
- Banking [r]: the system of financial intermediation that provides the principle source of credit to individuals and companies. [e]
- Bank failures and rescues [r]: an account of the occurrence , causes and consequences of bank failures, and of methods of dealing with them [e]
- U.S. financial laws [r]: Laws and enforcement mechanisms of the United States, which deal with banks and financial institutions, primarily focused on domestic activities rather than international economics [e]
Related topics
Glossary
Five other glossaries are available:
- the economics glossary
- the banking glossary
- the international economics glossary
- the macroeconomics glossary
- the monetary policy glossary
AB
- Adverse selection [r]: a partial market failure that occurs when there are traders who take advantage of asymmetric information, raising uncertainty and leading to a reduction in the value of its products. [e]
- Algorithm (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Alpha (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Amortization [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Ask price [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Asset (accountancy) [r]: An accountancy term for possessions that have money value - including, for balance sheet purposes, cash, investments, property and amounts owed by debtors. [e]
- Asset backed security [r]: A security for which the collateral and source of cash flow is a financial asset or a group of assets, such as loans, leases, credit card debt, company receivables or royalties, (but sometimes defined to exclude mortgages.) [e]
- Asset (finance) [r]: A term used in finance to denote a legal claim on something that has monetary value, such as the acknowledgement of a debt or a share in the ownership of a company. [e]
- Asymmetric information [r]: a situation in which a seller has information that is not available to potential buyers - or vice-versa. [e]
- Austerity (fiscal) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Backwardation [r]: (i) The amount by which the spot price exceeds the forward price, (ii)a fee paid by a seller to defer the delivery of securities. [e]
- Balance sheet [r]: An annual statement of a company's assets and its liabilities that is a component of its annual accounts. [e]
- Bankruptcy [r]: Legally declared inability or impairment of ability of an individual or organization to pay its creditors. [e]
- Base money [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Bear (finance) [r]: A stock exchange speculator who sells stock, that he may or may not own, with the intention of buying it back at a profit when its price falls - as he expects it will. [e]
- Beta [r]: A measure of the degree to which the rate of return of a share tracks that of the equity market as a whole (defined as the covariance between the share's rate of return and the average market rate, divided by the variance of the market rate). If beta = 1 the share's rate of return moves in line with the market rate; if it is negative, it falls when the market rate rises. [e]
- Bid price [r]: The price that a buyer is prepared to pay for the purchase of a good. [e]
- Bill (finance) [r]: {a) A loan with a duration of no more than a year (b)a documentary record of short-term indebtedness. [e]
- Bill of Exchange [r]: A written order to pay the holder a stated sum of money at a stated date (otherwise known as a "draft", the person who is paid being termed the "drawer"). [e]
- Bond (financial) [r]: A fixed-interest security that matures in more than a year and is issued by a government or a company. [e]
- Boom (economics) [r]: A period of rapid growth in economic activity, during which the economy is working at or near full capacity, and during which prices are increasing. [e]
- Bretton Woods [r]: An international conference held in 1944, which set up a system of fixed exchange rates linked to the US dollar which was to be freely convertible to gold, and created the International Monetary Fund. [e]
- Broad money [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Broker [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Bubble (economics) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Bull (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Buyback [r]: Add brief definition or description
C
- Capital adequacy ratio [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Capital (banking) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- CDS [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit easing [r]: Add brief definition or description
- CDS spread [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Carry trading [r]: Add brief definition or description
- CDS [r]: Add brief definition or description
- CDS spread [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Central Bank [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Central counterparty [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Certificate of deposit [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Closed end fund [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Clearing house [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Coco [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Co-investment fund [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Collateral (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Collateralised debt obligation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Complex interactive system [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Commercial paper [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Contingent convertible bond [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Contingent valuation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Contracyclical regulation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Cost of capital [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Counterparty [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Covered bond [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Covered interest rate differential [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit default swap [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit easing [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit crunch [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Credit risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Currency board [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Currency mismatch [r]: Add brief definition or description
D
- Dark pool [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Debenture [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Debt instrument [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Debt intolerance [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Debt trap [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Default (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Deflation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Deposit insurance [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Depreciation (accounting) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Derivative [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Direct investment [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Dividend (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Discount_rate [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Discount window [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Distressed exchange [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Distress sale [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Dollarization [r]: Add brief definition or description
EF
- Efficient market hypothesis [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Equity (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Euro [r]: Add brief definition or description
- European Central Bank [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Exchange rate risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Exchange rate depreciation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fair value [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Federal funds rate [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Feedback [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiat money [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiduciary duty [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Financial asset [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Financial_Intermediary [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiscal adjustment [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiscal policy [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiscal rule [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fiscal transfer [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Forward contract [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Forward market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Freddie Mac [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Front running [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Fund (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Funding [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Futures contract [r]: Add brief definition or description
GHIJKL
- Gearing [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Group of Seven [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Group of Twenty [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Haircut (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Hedging [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Hedge fund [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Herding (banking) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- IMF [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Information cascade [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Insolvency [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Interbank market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Independent fiscal agency [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Interest rate risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Lender of last resort [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Leverage [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Liabilities (accounting) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- LIBOR [r]: Add brief definition or description
- LIBOR-OIS spread [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Liquidity [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Liquidity risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Liquidity spiral [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Long position [r]: Add brief definition or description
MN
- Margin account [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Margin call [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Market maker [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Market risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Mark to market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Money market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Moral hazard [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Naked CDS [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Negotiable [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Netting (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Noise traders [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Novation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- OIS [r]: Add brief definition or description
OPQ
- OIS [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Open ended fund [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Option [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Ordinary share [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Overnight index rate [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Overnight index swap [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Over-the-counter market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Panic (banking) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Paris Club [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Par value [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Peer to peer lending [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Preference share [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Principal (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Prime rate [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Primary market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Portfolio [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Portfolio insurance [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Position (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Quantitative easing [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Qualitative easing [r]: Add brief definition or description
RS
- Random walk (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Recovery rate (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Redemption yield [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Repurchase agreement [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Reserve ratio [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Restructure (debt) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Risk premium [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Roll-over [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Secondary market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Securitisation [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Security (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Selling short [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Settlement (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Share (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Sharpe ratio [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Short position [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Sovereign spread [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Special drawing right [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Spread [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Sovereign wealth fund [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Spot market [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Stock (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Stop-loss [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Structured investment vehicle [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Subprime lending [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Swap contract [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Syndicated bank loan [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Systemic failure [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Systemic risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
TUVWXYZ
- Toxic debt [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Tight coupling [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Underwriting [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Value at Risk [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Wholesale banking [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Writedown (accounting) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Yield (finance) [r]: Add brief definition or description
- Yield spread [r]: Add brief definition or description