User:Anthony.Sebastian/CAS: Difference between revisions
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Holland JH. (1992) [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885w2012/ComplexAdaptiveSystemsHolland.pdf Complex Adaptive Systems]. ''Daedalus'' 121(1):17-30. | Clicking on title will download full-text PDF. | Holland JH. (1992) [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~samoore/bit885w2012/ComplexAdaptiveSystemsHolland.pdf Complex Adaptive Systems]. ''Daedalus'' 121(1):17-30. | Clicking on title will download full-text PDF. | ||
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New Oxford American Dictionary (3 ed.) Edited by Angus Stevenson, Christine A. Lindberg. Oxford University Press. Current Online Version: 2012. eISBN 9780199891535. | |||
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Revision as of 17:44, 16 January 2013
Lede
'Complex adaptive systems' refer to numerous types of complex systems characterized by their ability to “change and reorganize their component parts to adapt themselves to the problems posed by their surroundings”[1], exploiting one or more of the many types of adaptation, including Darwinian natural selection.
Examples of complex adaptive systems include biological organisms, the immune system, economic systems, ant colonies, ecosystems, developing embryos, developing biological organ systems, computerized virtual species, social systems, the brain in function and development, the stock market, language.
Such complex adaptive systems comprise a self-organized system of interacting components (or agents) that can change and learn in an adaptive way, a way that enables them to persist, with modification, through indefinite time, despite changing environmental conditions, in particular conditions that put the system’s endurance at risk. Pioneer elucidator, John Holland, describes them as similar in the sense of having an “evolving structure”.[1]
Background
• Systems
• Complex systems
• Adaptation
• Ability to evolve
• Aggregate behavior—emergent behavior
• Ability to anticipate—learning
• Self-organizing and self-maintaining
Notes
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Holland JH. (1992) Complex Adaptive Systems. Daedalus 121(1):17-30. | Clicking on title will download full-text PDF.
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