Cephalosporin: Difference between revisions
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'''cephalosporins''' are a class of [[antibiotic]] compounds sharing a common base structure, 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), that was derived from the first cephalosporin discovered, [[cephalosporin C]]. [[Penicillin]]s are very similar, although they contain a five-membered ring in place of the six-membered ring present in the cephalosporin. The activity of cephalosporins, penicillins, and some other antibiotics are due to the presence of a [[beta-lactam]], which binds irreversibly, via acylation, to penicillin-binding proteins, thereby inhibiting the peptidogycan layer of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cephalosporins are often made semisynthetically. | '''cephalosporins''' are a class of [[antibiotic]] compounds sharing a common base structure, 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), that was derived from the first cephalosporin discovered, [[cephalosporin C]]. [[Penicillin]]s are very similar, although they contain a five-membered ring in place of the six-membered ring present in the cephalosporin. The activity of cephalosporins, penicillins, and some other antibiotics are due to the presence of a [[beta-lactam]], which binds irreversibly, via acylation, to penicillin-binding proteins, thereby inhibiting the peptidogycan layer of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cephalosporins are often made semisynthetically. | ||
== First generation cephalosporins == | |||
* [[Cefacetrile]] | |||
* [[Cefadroxil]] | |||
* [[Cefalexin]] | |||
* [[Cefaloglycin]] | |||
* [[Cefalonium]] | |||
* [[Cefaloridine]] | |||
* [[Cefalotin]] | |||
* [[Cefapirin]] | |||
* [[Cefatrizine]] | |||
* [[Cefazaflur]] | |||
* [[Cefazedone]] | |||
* [[Cefazolin]] | |||
* [[Cefradine]] | |||
* [[Cefroxadine]] | |||
* [[Ceftezole]] | |||
== Second generation cephalosporins == | |||
In general, second generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against [[Gram-negative]] bacteria. | |||
* [[Cefaclor]] | |||
* [[Cefonicid]] | |||
* [[Cefprozil]] | |||
* [[Cefuroxime]] | |||
* [[Cefuzonam]] | |||
* [[Cefmetazole]] | |||
* [[Cefotetan]] | |||
* [[Cefoxitin]] | |||
Revision as of 10:39, 29 April 2008
cephalosporins are a class of antibiotic compounds sharing a common base structure, 7-aminocephalosporanic acid (7-ACA), that was derived from the first cephalosporin discovered, cephalosporin C. Penicillins are very similar, although they contain a five-membered ring in place of the six-membered ring present in the cephalosporin. The activity of cephalosporins, penicillins, and some other antibiotics are due to the presence of a beta-lactam, which binds irreversibly, via acylation, to penicillin-binding proteins, thereby inhibiting the peptidogycan layer of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cephalosporins are often made semisynthetically.
First generation cephalosporins
- Cefacetrile
- Cefadroxil
- Cefalexin
- Cefaloglycin
- Cefalonium
- Cefaloridine
- Cefalotin
- Cefapirin
- Cefatrizine
- Cefazaflur
- Cefazedone
- Cefazolin
- Cefradine
- Cefroxadine
- Ceftezole
Second generation cephalosporins
In general, second generation cephalosporins have a broader spectrum of activity against Gram-negative bacteria.