Vertical takeoff and landing
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An aircraft capable of vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL), such as all helicopters and tilt-rotor aircraft such as the MV-22 Osprey.
Some aircraft normally considered STOVL, such as the AV-8B Harrier II, can take off vertically, but with much reduced payload. Even some helicopters benefit from a short forward movement before transitioning to full vertical flight.