Hukbalahap

The Hukbalahap is the Tagalog abbreviation for "Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army." It was ideologically Marxist-Leninist, and fought both the Japanese during the Second World War and the postwar civil government. Eventually, most of the Hukbalahap members were either neutralized by counterinsurgency forces under Defense Minister Ramon Magsaysay, or reintegrated under amnesty programs.